Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042384 (vasculitis)
 20,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty seven patients (8 males and 19 females) with atrophie blanche were observed in the past 7-years. The mean age at onset was 32 years (ranging from 23 years to 57 years) and 19 years (ranging from 11 years to 36 years) for male and female patient, respectively. The mean disease duration was 2.5 years (ranging from 2 months to 16 years) prior to their consultation. Sixty-three percent of them had summer exacerbation. Four patients had essential cryoglobulinemia, one of whom also developed bilateral iliofemoral artery stenosis one year later. Twelve patients also manifested concurrent purpura pigmentosa chronica (PPC)-like lesions. The observation of the natural course and clinical morphology, being divided into white atrophy-predominant and ulcer-predominant type, led to the impression that atrophie blanche and livedo vasculitis are synonyms with the same disease spectrum. Furthermore, white atrophy is not ulcer scars but lesions de novo suggesting dermal vasculopathy. An attempt was made to explain the uniqueness of clinical morphology. First line treatment included local wound care, bed rest and low-dose aspirin plus dipyridamole. Thirteen patients responded to these treatment either at the first attack or the recurrent episodes. Heparin (5000 units subcutaneous injection once daily) was effective for control of intractable painful ulceration in active stage in 70% of the remaining patients.
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PMID:Atrophie blanche. A clinicopathological study of 27 patients. 179 67

A case of skin necrosis caused by subcutaneously administered heparin is reported. A 76-year-old woman received subcutaneous injections of porcine sodium heparin twice a day to prevent deep vein thrombosis. Nineteen days after heparin therapy began, black necrotic areas were noted on her abdomen, and heparin injections were discontinued. The patient received small amounts of heparin intravenously for three additionally days without apparent complications. Proposed mechanisms for heparin-induced skin necrosis include allergic vasculitis and localized platelet aggregation with intravascular thrombosis. Heparin therapy should be stopped if necrosis develops. Intravenous administration of heparin to sensitive patients may be followed by life-threatening reactions. Necrotic areas may heal spontaneously, but often require debridement and skin grafting. Various agents, including steroids, may be useful in preventing the development of necrotic lesions.
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PMID:Heparin-induced skin necrosis. 671 77

A retrospective analysis was done of case histories and outpatient case records of 25 patients with hemorrhagic vasculitis presenting with renal lesion, and 12 patients with hemorrhagic vasculitis without kidney damage. Heparin therapy was instituted as subcutaneous injections 4 times daily, 450-500 units/kg/24 h. A positive effect of heparin therapy correlated with the early start of the treatment and presence of the urinary syndrome. A possibility is shown of forecasting of the heparin therapy efficacy in the above patient populations in respect of a decline in the urinary excretion of products of the fibrinogen/fibrin cleavage more than two-fold a week after the start of treatment. If no such decline occurs the treatment is to be supplemented by prednizolon and curantil.
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PMID:[The potentials of heparin monotherapy in patients with hemorrhagic vasculitis and kidney involvement]. 937 78

Haemophilus somnus can cause a devastating fibrinopurulent meningitis with thrombotic vasculitis and encephalitis in cattle. The mechanisms used by H. somnus to migrate from the bloodstream into the central nervous system (CNS) are unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that H. somnus adheres to, but does not invade, bovine brain endothelial cells (BBEC) in vitro. The number of adherent H. somnus was significantly increased by prior activation of the BBEC with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). Addition of exogenous glycosaminoglycans significantly reduced H. somnus adherence to resting and TNF-alpha-activated BBEC. Heparinase digestion of the endothelial cell's glycocalyx or sodium chlorate inhibition of endothelial cell sulfated glycan synthesis significantly reduced the number of adherent H. somnus. In contrast, addition of hyaluronic acid, a nonsulfated glycosaminoglycan, had no inhibitory effect. These findings suggest a critical role for both cellular activation and sulfated glycosaminoglycans in adherence of H. somnus to BBEC. Using heparin-labeled agarose beads, we demonstrated a high-molecular-weight heparin-binding protein expressed by H. somnus. Heparin was also shown to bind H. somnus in a 4 degrees C binding assay. These data suggest that heparin-binding proteins on H. somnus could serve as initial adhesins to sulfated proteoglycans on the endothelial cell surface, thus contributing to the ability of H. somnus to infect the bovine CNS.
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PMID:Roles of cellular activation and sulfated glycans in Haemophilus somnus adherence to bovine brain microvascular endothelial cells. 1692 25

Objective. Drip infusion during long-term tocolysis causes mechanical and infectious vasculitis and increases the frequency of peripheral venous catheter exchange (PVC), thereby placing a burden on patients. Our study aim is to confirm whether heparin ameliorates pain due to vasculitis during long-term tocolysis and reduces the frequency of peripheral venous catheter exchange. Design. Prospective study. Setting and Sample. All the patients requiring admission because of the presence of uterine contraction or progressive cervical dilatation from August 2009 to June 2011 at Juntendo University in Japan. Methods. Heparin was used for patients at the time the total number of peripheral venous catheter exchanges exceeded 5 in two weeks, and we evaluated whether heparin reduced the frequency of peripheral venous catheter exchange and improved the visual analog scale (VAS) for patients. The main outcome measures frequency of PVC exchange and VAS. Results. This study demonstrated that heparin reduced the frequency of peripheral venous catheter exchange (P = 0.0069) and VAS (P = 0.042). No side effects were noted. Conclusion. Heparin could satisfy patients during long-term tocolysis in terms of ameliorating pain due to vasculitis and reducing the PVC exchange frequency.
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PMID:Effectiveness of Heparin during Long-Term Tocolysis. 2358 78

Enoxaparin is a low-molecular-weight heparin that has been used widely to prevent and treat thromboembolic disorders for at least 30 years. The most common adverse skin reactions to enoxaparin are ecchymosis and skin necrosis due to vasculitis, urticaria, angioedema and erythema. Side effects from heparin administration are rare and usually located at the injection site. However, recent reports have suggested that they can also occur at a distance from the site of injection. Moreover, the etiopathogenesis has not been fully explained. In this article, we present a case of hemorrhagic bullous dermatosis associated with enoxaparin for the treatment of ischemic heart disease that developed in a patient with a past history of lepromatous leprosy.
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PMID:Enoxaparin-induced hemorrhagic bullous dermatosis in a leprosy patient. 2519 2

Lovenox is a trade name for Enoxaparin. It is a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and has other trade names like Clexane and Xaparin. It is an anticoagulant used to prevent and treat venous thromboembolism events (VTE) like deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, and is given as a subcutaneous injection. General speaking, the most common skin reactions as a result of enoxaparin use are: urticarial, ecchymosis, and even skin necrosis due to vasculitis. These side effects are usually located at the injection site. New studies have pointed out the side effect that could occur a distance from the site of Lovenox injection. In our case extensive skin and subcutaneous tissue necrosis developed at the abdominal wall injection site.
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PMID:Lovenox Induced Tissue Necrosis, a Case Report and Literature Review. 2619 95