Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042384 (vasculitis)
 20,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Extensive brain pathology attributed to Sarcocystis is described in a heifer and a 2- to 4-month-old calf. These appear to be the first recorded cases of naturally occurring acute sarcocystosis in cattle in sub-Saharan Africa. The heifer became recumbent and had convulsions before dying, while clinical signs in the calf included loss of body mass, diarrhoea, nervousness and opisthotonus. Disseminated haemorrhages were noted in the brains of both animals at necropsy. Microscopically, the grey and white matter contained multiple areas of necrosis associated with haemorrhage, fibrinoid vasculitis, perivascular cuffing and gliosis. A multifocal meningitis was also present. First-generation Sarcocystis schizonts were evident in, or adjacent to endothelial cells of several arterioles and small arteries. The association of first- (as opposed to second-) generation schizogony with overt and fatal bovine sarcocystosis, has not previously been reported.
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PMID:Necrotic encephalitis as a manifestation of acute sarcocystosis in cattle. 759 18

In 1984, Van der Meer first reported six patients with a long history of recurrent attacks of fever of unknown cause and a constantly elevated polyclonal IgD (> 100 U/mL); he suggested the acronym of "hyper-IgD syndrome" (HIDS). A recent literature review identified 60 cases (59 from Europe and 1 from Japan). The mean age was 27 years (range: 3-69 years). The family studies have shown a positive family history for periodic fever (40% out of the patients) but not for hyper-IgD. The median age at onset was 0.5 years (range from the first weeks of life to 53 years). The length of the febrile attacks, though variable, lasted from 3 to 7 days. The frequency of the attacks varied among the individual patients, but in general it was once a month or bimonthly. The fever was sustained in all 60 patients (from 38 degrees C to 41 degrees C), with a rapid rose, a plateau and a slow decline to normal values over 5 days. The associated clinical findings involve abdominal symptoms (pain, vomiting, diarrhea), recurrent peritonitis, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, articular manifestations (non-destructive recurrent arthritis) and skin lesions (vasculitis). The prognosis is benign. The aetiopathogenesis of HIDS is unknown. The role of IgD in the pathogenesis remains to be elucidated. The therapy is only supportive.
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PMID:[Hyper-IgD syndrome (HIDS)]. 762 86

Over a 5-year period (April 1989 to March 1994) bacteremia caused by Campylobacter species was diagnosed in 15 patients in a population of 1.3 million in three counties in Jutland province, Denmark. The incidence was 0.2/100,000/year and the ratio of blood to fecal isolates, was 0.008. Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni accounted for 6 cases each, Campylobacter fetus for 2, and in 1 case the species diagnosis was uncertain. Seven patients were males and 8 females; median age was 42 (range 15-90) years. 11 patients had underlying disorders, including immunological, neoplastic and vascular disease. In a 67-year-old man a Starr-Edwards prosthesis of the aortic valve was probably infected by C. fetus, as recurrent bacteremia resolved following valve replacement. Eight patients had pyrexia and diarrhea, whereas 7 had pyrexia with only slight intestinal discomfort or none at all. In 4 patients the bacteremia was associated with cutaneous cellulitis or vasculitis. 14 of 15 patients survived. Campylobacter bacteremia seems to be more common in Denmark than hitherto thought.
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PMID:A survey of Campylobacter bacteremia in three Danish counties, 1989 to 1994. 766 78

In a 53-year-old female patient with recurrent, sometimes bloody diarrhea, the long standing diagnosis of an ANA-negative lupus erythematosus with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, leucocytoclastic vasculitis and chronic hepatitis was ruled out and the diagnosis of a hepatitis C associated cryoglobulinaemia was established. The origin of the diarrhea was due to intestinal vasculitis as a result of cold food or beverages.
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PMID:[Intestinal vasculitis and glomerulonephritis in hepatitis C- associated cryoglobulinemia]. 769 12

A 29-year-old woman with chronic bronchial asthma and inflammatory bowel disease, previously classified as idiopathic, was hospitalized because of bouts of fever and increasing dyspnoea and diarrhoea. Chest radiograph showed extensive bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. Thought to be suffering from bacterial pneumonia she was treated with broad-spectrum antibiotic, but without improvement even after a change of antibiotics. Numerous diagnostic tests failed to find any causative organism. Subsequently she was found to have peripheral eosinophilia and pericardial effusion associated with echocardiographic and electrocardiographic signs of myocarditis, which raised the suspicion of allergic granulomatous vasculitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome). The patient's acute illness contraindicated a lung biopsy, but the clinical picture left no doubt of the true diagnosis. Treatment with methylprednisolone (initially 250 mg, then 80 mg daily) rapidly improved the clinical, radiological and biochemical findings. But four months later, under maintenance treatment with 15 mg methylprednisolone daily, she experienced another bout of colitis and, a few days later, pulmonary recurrence of the Churg-Strauss syndrome, both clinically and radiologically. The dose of methylprednisolone was raised to 60 mg daily. The inflammatory bowel disease, endoscopically manifesting as ulcerative colitis, was most likely part of the systemic vasculitis.-This case demonstrates that colitis can be the primary manifestation of Churg-Strauss syndrome.
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PMID:[Ulcerative colitis as a primary manifestation of Churg-Strauss syndrome]. 758 13

Serum concentrations of immunoreactive von Willebrand factor (vWF) and soluble thrombomodulin (TM), and vWF multimer patterns were measured to assess endothelial function in patients with inflammatory intestinal diseases. In Crohn's disease and acute infective diarrhea, vWF concentrations were significantly higher than in normal controls. In all patient groups, multimeric analysis of vWF and the concentration of serum TM were not different from normal controls. The results indicate alteration of endothelial function in inflammatory intestinal disorders. They may be compatible with the presence of localized vasculitis, but indicate that systemic endothelial destruction does not occur in inflammatory bowel disease.
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PMID:Serum concentrations of von Willebrand factor and soluble thrombomodulin indicate alteration of endothelial function in inflammatory bowel diseases. 772 Apr 71

During the 5.5-year period from January 1988 to June 1993, there were 40 cases of Henoch-Schonlein purpura diagnosed in Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei. The diagnosis criteria is defined as a typical skin rash, which pathologic examination shows leukocytoclastic vasculitis, accompanied by any two of these major manifestations of the disease, namely gastrointestinal, renal and joint involvement. Their medical records were reviewed with respect to the clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, roentogenologic findings, endoscopic findings, and morbidity. There are 21 women and 19 men with age raging from 10 to 63 years old (mean age 35.9 years old). The male to female ratio was 1:1.1 and about 80% of the patients were at the age of fifteen or older. There was no special season distribution in this series. The main clinical features were purpuric skin rashes, 40 cases (100%), followed by gastrointestinal symptoms, 25 cases (62.5%), renal involvement, 21 cases (52.5%) and joint involvement, 19 cases (47.5%). The major gastrointestinal symptoms were abdominal pain (25 case) and bleeding from gastrointestinal tract (10 cases), and minor symptoms included vomiting (7 cases), diarrhea (1 cases) and acute pancreatitis (2 cases). Gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed in 5 cases and all had hyperemic mucosa and scattered hemorrhagic purpura in the stomach and duodenum. The characteristic hemorrhagic erosive duodenitis were observed in 3 cases. These findings may alert the gastroenterologists to take into consideration of this disease earily and thus avoid unnecessary laparotomy and complications.
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PMID:[Clinical observation of Henoch-Schonlein purpura-focus on gastrointestinal manifestation and endoscopic findings]. 785 Jun 50

Lymphocytic enteritis and systemic lymphocytic vasculitis may be a new or previously unrecognized syndrome in sheep suffering from chronic wasting. Seven cases in three separate flocks were seen over an eight-year period at Veterinary Laboratory Services in Brighton, Ontario. Most of the animals were between five and twelve months of age and exhibited weight loss and inappetance, with or without diarrhea. All were Suffolks or crossbred Suffolks. In one of the flocks, there were also several sheep with lymphoma. Postmortem examination of carcasses and ancillary testing did not reveal an etiology; however, the intestinal and vascular lesions resembled those described in certain viral diseases, such as malignant catarrhal fever and Border disease, and immune-mediated diseases, such as polyarteritis nodosa. Submission for necropsy of sheep that exhibit signs of chronic wasting is encouraged, to help establish the etiology of the disease and its significance to the industry.
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PMID:Lymphocytic enteritis and systemic vasculitis in sheep. 799 3

Evidence of a humoral immune response to endothelium was sought in the sera of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. In an ELISA, IgG binding to human umbilical vein endothelial cells was found in 21% of Crohn's disease sera, 10% of ulcerative colitis sera, 6% of sera from patients with acute infective diarrhea, and 8% of normal control sera. The increased prevalence in Crohn's disease sera was significant (P < 0.05). IgG-endothelial cell binding was cell specific, was not Fc-mediated, and did not mediate complement-dependent cell lysis. It was not increased by pretreatment of cells with interleukin-1 or tumor necrosis factor. Endothelial cell binding was retained by IgG F(ab')2 fragments from one of three reactive Crohn's sera, but none of three nonreactive sera. The low prevalence of this interaction, even in patients with immunohistochemically confirmed vasculitis, makes it unlikely that Crohn's disease is determined by a humoral autoimmune response to endothelium.
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PMID:Serum immunoglobulin G reactive with endothelial cells in inflammatory bowel disease. 808 97

Besides classical necrotizing enterocolitis (in neonates), which is seen in India as elsewhere in the world, we observe sporadic cases of tropical enterocolitis, i.e. segmental jejunitis, ileitis or colitis and rarely duodenitis. This is a distinct clinico-pathological entity presenting as "acute abdomen", with pain, bilious vomiting, constipation or bloody diarrhoea. The clinical course is not as fulminating as neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. Most cases are salvaged by conservative treatment especially after the confidence brought by laparoscopic vision of the abdomen, thus excluding perforation or gangrene of the bowel involved. Without laparoscopy, most of the cases end up in laparotomy. The pathology appears to be a kind of local hyperimmune reaction in the segment of bowel involved, ranging from punctate haemorrhages in the seromuscular layer of the bowel to a generalized red fiery look or perforation due to mucosal ulceration. Whatever the causative agent, the pathogenesis is of local vasculitis leading to ischemia and various patterns of disease.
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PMID:Tropical enterocolitis in children. 808 96


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