Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042384 (vasculitis)
 20,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eighteen young Beagle dogs (eight males and 10 females), ages 6-40 months, with canine juvenile polyarteritis syndrome (CJPS), a naturally occurring vasculitis and perivasculitis of unknown etiology, were necropsied, and their tissues were examined by histopathologic and histochemical methods. The condition is characterized by recurring episodes of an acute onset of fever (> 40 C) and neck pain that persist for 3-7 days. The major histopathologic alterations were a systemic vasculitis and perivasculitis. During the febrile, painful period of CJPS, the vascular lesions ranged from a histiocytic-lymphocytic periarterial infiltration to transmural arterial inflammation with concomitant fibrinoid necrosis and vascular thrombosis. Massive periarterial accumulations of inflammatory cells were common and often extended into adjacent tissues. The small- to medium-sized muscular arteries of the heart, cranial mediastinum, and cervical spinal meninges were consistently involved. Vasculitis occasionally occurred in other organ systems. The vascular lesions in dogs examined during clinically normal periods consisted of intimal and medial fibrosis, ruptured elastic laminae, and mild perivasculitis; these lesions were probably related to previous episodes of vasculitis. Eight dogs that had experienced repeated acute episodes also developed splenic, hepatic, and renal amyloidosis. The clinical signs, laboratory abnormalities, and the vascular lesions suggest that the condition may be immune-system mediated. CJPS may serve as a naturally occurring animal model of human immune-system-mediated vasculitides such as polyarteritis nodosa, infantile polyarteritis, and Kawasaki disease.
 ...
PMID:Pathologic features of naturally occurring juvenile polyarteritis in beagle dogs. 748 7

Two patients presented with acute severe occipital headache, neck pain, nausea, vomiting and blurred vision. In both patients angiograms of the posterior circulation showed focal narrowing of the basilar artery, thus basilar artery dissection was considered. Urgent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was unavailable. On the basis of additional angiography of the anterior circulation and control angiograms after 4 and 6 weeks, primary cerebral angiitis was the most probable diagnosis. Treatment with corticosteroids resulted in rapid clinical and angiographic improvement. We conclude that, when MR techniques are unavailable or inconclusive, presumption of basilar dissection on the base of clinical features, Doppler studies, Duplex scanning and angiography of the vertebro-basilar system should be confirmed by additional carotid angiography in order to exclude diffuse cerebral angiitis.
 ...
PMID:Acute primary cerebral angiitis mimicking basilar artery dissection. 1021 Aug 18

A 27-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of headache, fever and right neck pain. Neurological examination revealed mild meningeal signs, and hyper-reflexia in all extremities. In the laboratory tests, white-cell count was 13,000/mm3, rheumatoid factor(RF) and C-reactive protein(CRP) were positive. The cerebro-spinal fluid showed pleocytosis (56/mm3, neutorophils and lymphocytes were 26 and 28, respectively). Thus, she was diagnosed as aseptic meningitis. A few days later, she had weakness and dysesthesia of the right face and the left extremities. Pulse therapy with intravenous methylprednisolone was started. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed a hemorrhagic infarction in the right parietal lobe. In hemostatic markers, thrombin-antithrombin III complex(TAT; 106 ng/dl), D-dimer 1234 ng/dl, prothrombin fragment 1 + 2(F1 + 2; 2.36 nmol/L), beta-thromboglobulin (beta TG; 4,300 ng/dl) and platelet factor 4 (PF-4; 1,770 ng/dl) were extremely elevated. On duplex ultrasonography, a low echo lucent plaque was observed at the right internal carotid artery and the mean blood flow velocity in the right carotid artery was decreased. She was placed on oral prednisolone and warfarin for suspected stroke due to hypercoagulability associated with vasculitis. Afterwards, she discharged from our hospital. Two months later, she was readmitted to our hospital because of irregular menses and vaginal bleeding. Endometrial uterus biopsy was conducted, which revealed a grade I endometrioid adenocarcinoma. She was under total uterectomy without tumor recurrence. After the radical operation, white-cell count, RF, CRP, TAT, D-dimer, F1 + 2, and beta TG were normalized, and the mean flow velocity of the right common carotid artery was increased. Thereafter, she did not experience stroke recurrence. Therefore, we speculated that she had stroke due to hypercoagulability in association with malignancy, that is Trousseau's syndrome. We also assumed that aseptic meningitis, brainstem encephalitis associated with vasculitis in this patient are other clinical variants of paraneoplastic syndrome through immunological mechanisms associated with malignancy. We emphasize that patients with Trousseau's syndrome can be associated with other paraneoplastic manifestations such as vasculitis as seen in this patient.
 ...
PMID:[A young patient with endometrioid adenocarcinoma who suffered Trousseau's syndrome associated with vasculitis]. 1247 93

A 33-yr-old man presented with a 4-yr history of neck pain. Previous work-ups, including planar radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging, were determined as "normal" by six previous consultants. In a subsequent in-office evaluation by a physiatrist, a vertebral osteoid osteoma or carotid artery angiitis was clinically suspected. A bone scan of the cervical spine was consistent with a the presence of an of osteoid osteoma. Thereafter, repeat magnetic resonance imaging confused the issue by suggesting the presence osteomyelitis involving the C3-C4 facet joint. Spiral cervical spine computed tomography with digital reconstruction once again demonstrated the presence of an osteoblastoma. The patient was subsequently referred to a spinal surgeon for biopsy and resection, which confirmed the presence of an osteoblastoma. Although benign cervical neoplasms presenting as neck pain occur most often in a pediatric population, at any age, the differential diagnosis of intractable neck pain should include the possibility of a primary osseous or metastatic tumor.
 ...
PMID:"Occult" roentgenographic osteoblastoma of the cervical spine. 1450 14

We present a 7-year-old boy who was admitted with a history of cough for a week, neck pain with associated swelling for 4 days, fever, and vague periumbilical pain. He was diagnosed with Kawasaki disease, and subsequently developed vasculitis of the ureter and stricture of the ureteric lumen at the level of the pelviureteric junction.
 ...
PMID:Pelviureteric junction obstruction as sequelae of Kawasaki disease. 1524 77

In our practice, we encounter patients with fever and increase in inflammatory markers. The cause of their difficulties is often hard to discover. The investigation of such patients is described the importance of history, physical examination, laboratory tests and special examinations including imaging methods. After infectious aetiology is excluded, especially in cases of discrepancy between high C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and low procalcitonin levels, a systemic disease should be diagnosed in cooperation with rheumatologists. Positron emission tomography has proved useful for diagnosing large vessel vasculitis. The case report of a 60-year-old female is presented who had severe fatigue, neck pain, occasionally raised temperature and steadily increasing CRP levels. She was diagnosed with large vessel vasculitis. After treatment with immunosuppressive doses of corticosteroids her condition gradually improved. In the discussion, facts about diagnosis, pathophysiology and treatment of the disease are summarized.
 ...
PMID:[Large vessel vasculitis as a cause of fever of unknown origin and increase of inflammatory markers]. 1868 72

Large vessel vasculitis leads to arterial wall thickening and stiffening because of chronic inflammatory changes. The cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is recently utilized for assessing arterial stiffening caused by atherosclerosis-related diseases, including hypertension and diabetes, as well as aging. CAVI is mathematically calculated from stiffness index beta, which is established as a parameter of arterial stiffness independent of blood pressure. However, there are no data regarding arterial stiffness assessed by CAVI for large vessel vasculitis. We describe a patient with large vessel vasculitis who showed aortic wall thickening and increased CAVI without hypertension. A 68-year-old woman presented at our hospital with recurrent fever of 2-month duration, fatigue, neck pain, and weight loss. The images of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET) demonstrated significant 18FDG uptake (indicating increased metabolic activity and presence of inflammation) in the aorta and its major branches, including the carotid and subclavian arteries. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated wall thickening of the thoracic aorta. These imaging findings resulted in the diagnosis of large vessel vasculitis. The patient showed normal brachial blood pressure (right, 122/72 and left, 121/66 mmHg). However, CAVIs on both sides (right, 10.3 and left, 10.4) were elevated (normal value for her age, 9.1 +/- 0.8). In conclusion, arterial stiffness in patients with large vessel vasculitis may be increased because of the arterial wall thickening and inflammatory changes. Thus, CAVI may be promising for detection of increased arterial stiffness in patients with large vessel vasculitis in the early stage, in which blood pressure is normal.
 ...
PMID:Detection of increased arterial stiffness in a patient with early stage of large vessel vasculitis by measuring cardio-ankle vascular index. 1977 26

An outbreak of fungal infections has been identified in patients who received epidural injections of methylprednisolone acetate that was contaminated with environmental molds. In this report, we present the mycological and histopathological findings in an index case of Exserohilum meningitis and vasculitis in an immunocompetent patient, who received a cervical spine epidural steroid injection for chronic neck pain 1 week before the onset of fulminant meningitis with subsequent multiple brain and spinal cord infarcts. The fungus was recovered from two separate cerebrospinal fluid specimens collected before initiation of antifungal therapy and at autopsy on standard bacterial and fungal culture media. The mold was identified phenotypically as Exserohilum species. DNA sequencing targeting the internal transcribed spacer region and D1/D2 region of 28S ribosomal DNA enabled further speciation as E. rostratum. Gross examination at autopsy revealed moderate brain edema with bilateral uncal herniation and a ventriculostomy tract to the third ventricle. The brainstem, cerebellum, and right orbitofrontal cortex were soft and friable, along with hemorrhages in the cerebellar vermis and thalamus. Microscopic examination demonstrated numerous fungi with septate hyphae invading blood vessel walls and inducing acute necrotizing inflammation. The leptomeninges were diffusely infiltrated by mixed inflammatory cells along with scattered foci of fungal elements. This is the first report of iatrogenic E. rostratum meningitis in humans. This report describes the microbiological procedures and histopathological features for the identification of E. rostratum (a pigmented vascularly invasive fungi), the cause of a current nationwide outbreak of fatal fungal meningitis.
 ...
PMID:Iatrogenic Exserohilum infection of the central nervous system: mycological identification and histopathological findings. 2322 92

Spontaneous cervical artery dissection is increasingly recognized as a common cause of ischemic stroke in the young and middle-aged. Noninvasive imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography have widely replaced conventional angiography as the initial diagnostic study of extracranial dissections, allowing greater numbers of patients to be screened and thus leading to increased frequency of the diagnosis. We present a case of spontaneous carotid artery dissection in a previously healthy 48-year-old woman who presented with neck pain and elevated inflammatory markers. Marked gadolinium enhancement of the right extracranial internal carotid artery on magnetic resonance imaging led to an initial diagnosis of vasculitis. This case shows that the vessel injury associated with spontaneous carotid artery dissection is associated with an inflammatory response that can mimic vasculitis on highly sensitive imaging techniques, a phenomenon not well described previously. In this report, we review the nonvasculitic conditions that can mimic vasculitis and present clinicians complex diagnostic challenges. Recognition of these pseudovasculitic syndromes is important to avoid overdiagnosis resulting in unnecessary and potentially harmful immunosuppressive and cytotoxic treatments.
...
PMID:A pain in the neck: carotid artery dissection presenting as vasculitis. 2382 Mar 64

A 71-year-old woman presented with a high-grade fever, neck pain, anemia and thrombocytopenia. After performing further examinations, we concluded that she had simultaneously developed large vessel vasculitis and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Although glucocorticoid administration improved her clinical symptoms, the MDS transformed into acute myeloid leukemia and she died one year after receiving the diagnosis. The occurrence of immune-mediated disorders in patients with MDS is a well-known phenomenon; however, large vessel vasculitis is a rare complication of MDS. Our case suggests that the association between systemic vasculitis and MDS may result in poor outcomes.
...
PMID:Large vessel vasculitis with myelodysplastic syndrome. 2439 May 31


1 2 Next >>