Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042384 (vasculitis)
 20,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rheumatologic complications of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are common and include mixed cryoglobulinemia, vasculitis, sicca symptoms, myalgia, arthritis, and fibromyalgia. The prevalence of cryoglobulinemia in Sweden and Germany is much lower compared with data from southern Europe. Viral, genetic, or environmental factors may be responsible for such a difference in prevalence. There is no single clinical picture of arthritis in patients with HCV infection. There is a well-defined picture of arthritis associated with the presence of mixed cryoglobulinemia that consists of an intermittent mono- or oligoarticular, nondestructive arthritis affecting large and medium-size joints. Involvement of salivary and lacrimal glands is common in HCV-infected subjects, but HCV antigens are not detected in affected glands. HCV-infected subjects express a high prevalence of a variety of autoantibodies, usually in low titers. The clinical significance of most of these autoantibodies is not clear. The prevalence and titer of these autoantibodies are unaffected by interferon-alpha therapy. Several studies have attempted to assess whether HCV infection may be involved in the etiopathogenesis of rheumatic and autoimmune diseases. The results of most of these studies do not support the idea that HCV infection may play a pathogenic role in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome, or leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Experience treating patients with HCV-associated arthritis is limited and treatment remains controversial. No major therapeutic trials in HCV-associated arthritis were reported in the past 2 years.
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PMID:Hepatitis C-associated arthritis. 1091 Jan 82

A 25-year-old Japanese woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) had myocardial dysfunction. Heart catheterization showed normal coronary anatomy. Left ventricular cineangiography demonstrated hypokinesis in the anterior and posterior segments. Myocardial scintigraphy revealed patchy defects in the regions unrelated to coronary arteries. These data suggested that the myocardial dysfunction was due to microvasculopthy. In addition, it was speculated that the microvasculopathy was caused by vasculitis but not by thrombi, since she did not have antiphospholipid syndrome. In support of this speculation, corticosteroid therapy without any thrombolytic agents was effective. This report represents the first live patient with SLE in whom myocardial dysfunction due to microvasculopathy has been demonstrated.
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PMID:Systemic lupus erythematosus with myocardial dysfunction due to microvasculopathy. 1098 53

Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) is a severe variant of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) characterized by disseminated microangiopathy that results in multiorgan failure. CAPS mainly occurs in association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Clinically, CAPS mimics disseminated SLE vasculitis, intravascular coagulation (DIC), and particularly thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). We describe an autopsy case of young woman with CAPS in SLE, which is difficult to differentiate from TTP secondary to SLE.
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PMID:Catastrophic antiphospholipid antibody syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus: an autopsy case report of a young woman. 1103 Jan 96

We describe a case of primary antiphospholipid syndrome presenting with varied arterial abnormalities. Patients with antiphospholipid syndrome commonly present with thrombotic problems, but there is a subgroup of patients who develop aneurysms with no evidence of vasculitis. This may represent part of the spectrum of the syndrome itself rather than an associated disease such as polyarteritis nodosa.
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PMID:Angiographic features associated with antiphospholipid syndrome. 1114 2

We report a case of Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) with pulmonary hemorrhage also satisfying the criteria for antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS). This association has, to the best of our knowledge, never been described before. Pulmonary hemorrhage may be an early manifestation of several immune and idiopathic disorders such as ANCA-associated vasculitis. Several case-reports of APS patients with capillaritis have been described. A possible explanation is that microvascular thrombosis with subsequent increase in vascular permeability facilitates perivascular IgG and complement deposition leading to development of capillaritis. Whether the vascular disease is secondary to thrombosis or vasculitis or both is important in choosing the proper management strategy. We suggest that anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) should be detected in ANCA-associated vascularitis because they may contribute to life-threatening events superimposed on vascular damage.
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PMID:Wegener's granulomatosis associated with antiphospholipid syndrome. 1119 29

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a serious and often fatal complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Several potential mechanisms have been postulated for narrowing of vessels as a result of pulmonary vasculitis and pulmonary thromboembolism caused by antiphospholipid antibodies. Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy for chronic pulmonary thromboembolism is performed to alleviate pulmonary hypertension. We report three rare cases of SLE with antiphospholipid syndrome in patients who presented with PH secondary to chronic pulmonary thromboembolism. Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy was performed, and all patients remained well without deterioration of PH after surgery. Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy should be considered as an effective method of treatment for this disease.
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PMID:[Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy for chronic pulmonary thromboembolism in three patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome]. 1124 36

Retinal vascular abnormalities were studied in 194 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). All patients fulfilled the American Rheumatism Association criteria for SLE. The mean age of patients was 31.9 +/- 9.7 years (17-63 years), women falling ill 5 times more often than men. Retinal vascular abnormalities were found in 67 (34.5%) patients and were as follows: retinal angiopathy (80.6%), cotton-wool spots (10.4%), occlusion of central vein or its branches (3%), occlusion of a retinal artery branch (4.5%), and retinal vasculitis with extensive peripheral capillary nonperfusion and neovascularization (3%). In general, retinal vascular occlusions were found in 6.7% of all SLE patients and in 19.4% of SLE patients with retinal vascular changes. Retinal vascular occlusions in SLE patients were associated with the antiphospholipid syndrome. Retinopathy did not depend on systemic hypertension or duration of SLE but correlated with disease activity. Small retinal vessels were involved more often than large vessels (p < 0.0395) and arteries more often than veins (p = 0.0338). Visual outcomes were better in patients with cotton-wool spots than in those with severe retinal vaso-occlusive disease (0.92 +/- 0.09 and 0.15 +/- 0.13, respectively, p < 0.0000).
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PMID:[Characteristics of retinal vascular involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus]. 1151 Jan 58

The antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) is characterized by arterial or venous thromboses and recurrent foetal loss. It occurs as primary disease, but also in the context of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Whereas primary APS induces a thrombotic microangiopathy without significant inflammatory reaction, secondary APS in SLE is usually associated with vasculitis. Here we report a patient with APS who presented with acute diarrhoea and then developed a HELLP-like syndrome characterized by a spontaneous abortion, multifocal hepatic necroses and thrombocytopenia. Thereafter an acute flare of SLE with arthralgias, pleuritis, skin rash and glomerulitis occurred. Clinical amelioration was only achieved by combining curettage, anticoagulation and immunosuppression, a treatment taking into account the pathogenesis of HELLP-like disease, APS and SLE. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of APS associated with combined acute manifestations of these three syndromes triggered by a presumable intestinal infection.
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PMID:Foetal loss, liver necrosis and acute lupus erythematosus in a patient with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. 1153 Oct 1

Acute transverse myelopathy (ATM) is a clinical definition of an acute neurologic condition that reflects impairment of spinal cord function. The term "myelopathy" has a different meaning from "myelitis", even if the words are often confused. Both terms indicate spinal cord involvement by some pathological event; but while myelopathy does not imply any etiological factor, myelitis refers to inflammatory diseases of the spinal cord. Acute spinal pathology can be associated with intra-axial or extra-axial lesions; extra-axial spinal pathology, however, has more often a chronic and progressive presentation. In this paper, we discuss primarily intra-axial lesions with attention on the role of neuroradiological investigations in diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging is the modality of choice for diagnosis; it shows signal abnormalities, usually T2 hyperintensity, focal or extensive, gadolinium enhancement and sometimes cord swelling. Despite its high sensitivity, about 40% of acute transverse myelopathies remain undemonstrated. Concerning etiology (multiple sclerosis (MS), vasculitis, infection, autoimmune disorders) no clearly different and specific patterns have been found; however small multiple enhancing lesions are more suggestive of MS (or lupus) while extensive, multilevel abnormalities reflect vasculitis as in antiphospholipid antibody syndrome.
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PMID:Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of acute transverse myelopathy. The role of neuroradiological investigations and review of the literature. 1179 82

The inflammatory process of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) vasculitis occurs in up to 56% of patients with SLE, whereas the vaso-occlusive incidence of antiphospholipid syndrome in SLE (which is not exclusive of SLE vasculitis) reaches up to 15%. Both situations can be life-threatening, requiring the appropriate therapeutic approach. Aggressive anti-inflammatory therapy is used in the case of SLE vasculitis and aggressive antithrombotic/anticoagulant treatment in the other. However, often the differential diagnosis between the two entities is difficult to achieve, especially when a tissue biopsy to help establish the diagnosis is topographically difficult to obtain or is clinically contraindicated. Such situations are discussed and appropriate guidelines for a correct diagnosis suggested.
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PMID:Lupus vasculitis: differential diagnosis with antiphospholipid syndrome. 1179 78


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