Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042384 (vasculitis)
 20,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chronic active hepatitis has been associated with renal abnormalities and immune-mediated glomerulonephritis or vasculitis. We report a case of acute reversible renal failure due to renal interstitial infiltration by lymphocytes, plasma cells, and neutrophils. The acute renal failure responded to the administration of prednisone. It is possible that interstitial nephritis is commonly associated with acute and chronic hepatitis.
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PMID:Acute interstitial nephritis associated with chronic active hepatitis. 682 6

The renal biopsy technique has made it possible to classify lupus nephritis into its varied forms. Utilizing light histology, immunofluorescence microscopy, and ultrastructural techniques, the following renal morphological manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus can be identified: mesangial abnormalities; focal proliferative, diffuse proliferative and membranous glomerulonephritis; glomerular sclerosis; interstitial nephritis; vascular sclerosis and necrotizing renal vasculitis. Each of the morphological forms is associated with distinctive clinical features and prognosis. Mesangial and focal proliferative lupus nephritis may occur in the absence of clinical abnormalities, and in general have a favorable prognosis. Diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis often is manifested by the nephrotic syndrome and renal functional impairment which proves to be irreversible and progressive. Transition from the milder forms to diffuse proliferation occurs in about one-sixth of patients. Membranous lupus nephritis is characterized by the nephrotic syndrome, which often is persistent, but renal functional impairment develops slowly and is rarely severe. Necrotizing vasculitis, which supervenes on occasion during the course of diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis, produces the clinical picture of malignant hypertension and progresses rapidly to uremia. Interstitial nephritis usually occurs in combination with one of the glomerular forms, but at times may be the predominant renal lesion both morphologically and clinically. Glomerular sclerosis, often associated with hypertension and vascular sclerosis, commonly develops in the course of lupus nephritis, especially in the more severe forms, and may progress even though active disease has remitted. An awareness of clinico-pathologic correlations in lupus nephritis provides a basis for intelligent management and critical assessment of therapy.
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PMID:Clinical usefulness of the morphological classification of lupus nephritis. 710 64

Systemic pathological alterations were studied in thirty-seven autopsied patients with Kawasaki disease. Systemic vasculitis was the most characteristic pathological finding and was present in all the patients. In addition to the vasculitis, there was a high incidence of inflammatory lesions in various organs and tissues: in the heart, endocarditis, myocarditis, and pericarditis; in the digestive system, stomatitis, sialoduct-adenitis, catarrhal enteritis, hepatitis, cholangitis, pancreatitis, and pancreas ductitis; in the respiratory system, bronchitis and segmental interstitial pneumonia; in the urinary system, focal interstitial nephritis, cystitis, and prostatitis; in the nervous system, aseptic leptomeningitis, choriomeningitis, gangliontis, and neuritis; in the hematopoietic system, lymphadenitis, splenitis, and thymitis. Dermatitis, panniculitis or myositis were also observed in some patients. Therefore, Kawasaki disease is a systemic inflammatory disease which mainly affects the cardiovascular system. These systemic inflammatory lesions are considered to correspond to the variegated clinical manifestaitions. The relationship between Kawasaki disease and infantile polyarteritis nodosa (IPN) were discussed, based on the clinicopathological characteristics.
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PMID:General pathology of Kawasaki disease. On the morphological alterations corresponding to the clinical manifestations. 744 9

Typical renal histological findings of Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) indicate a pauciimmune focal necrotizing glomerulonephritis with periglomerular granuloma and marked inflammatory cell infiltration in the interstitium. The recognition of the association between C (proteinase-3) anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (C [PR-3] ANCA) and WG is the only tool available to aid in the assessment of disease activity. Stage adapted immunosuppressive therapy (glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide) has significantly altered the outcome of this once fatal disease. There are four categories of renal disease in Sarcoidosis (SD). 1) renal changes by abnormal calcium metabolism, 2) interstitial nephritis or granulomatous nephritis, 3) glomerulonephritis and 4) renal vasculitis. Corticosteroid therapy yield a favorable outcome for interstitial granulomatous nephritis of SD.
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PMID:[Granulomatous tubulointerstitial nephritis--Wegener's granulomatosis, sarcoidosis]. 756 37

We report two patients treated with ciprofloxacin who presented with acute renal failure. On renal biopsy, a necrotizing vasculitis was identified in addition to acute interstitial nephritis. Improvement in renal function resulted with the discontinuation of the antibiotic and the institution of immunosuppressive therapy.
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PMID:Renal vasculitis associated with ciprofloxacin. 764 62

Crescentic glomerulonephritis is usually classified into antiglomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease, immune-complex disease, or pauci-immune crescentic nephritis. The last category includes patients with systemic vasculitis as well as 'idiopathic' isolated crescentic nephritis. The presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in many patients with apparently isolated crescentic nephritis suggests that this represents a renal-limited form of vasculitis, and that truly 'idiopathic' crescentic nephritis is a very rare entity. We reviewed all renal biopsies with extracapillary proliferation seen at our centre since the availability of an ANCA assay (4-year period). There were 89 such biopsies of a total of 1240, of which 82 had sufficient details for further analysis. Of these, 10 had anti-GBM disease, 35 had epithelial proliferation associated with a variety of other diseases, and 36 had ANCA-associated disease. Nine of this last group had no extrarenal features and would previously have been classified as 'idiopathic' crescentic glomerulonephritis. The single remaining patient had an inactive glomerulonephritis with a scarred crescent; the predominant lesion was an interstitial nephritis. We therefore conclude that truly 'idiopathic' crescentic nephritis is very rare, if it exists at all. The ability to provide a practically complete classification of crescentic nephritis has important prognostic and therapeutic consequences.
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PMID:Does truly 'idiopathic' crescentic glomerulonephritis exist? 797 88

Renal damage is not uncommon in rheumatoid arthritis, but the causative role of the disease per se is not well defined yet. In this paper the updated literature data are reported and our own experience as well. In particular, we describe renal syndromes associated with non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs, remission-inducing agents (gold and penicillamine) and cytotoxic drugs, secondary amyloidosis, systemic rheumatoid vasculitis, glomerular and tubulo-interstitial nephritis not related to drug therapy.
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PMID:[Renal damage in rheumatoid arthritis]. 803 53

From August 1990 to June 1991, a moderate die-off of 4- to 5-year-old green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) occurred at Cayman Turtle Farm, Grand Cayman, British West Indies. Clinical signs included lethargy, anorexia, and inability to dive. Many of the ill turtles floated on the surface of their tanks. There was no apparent sex predilection. Complete necropsies, including histopathologic examination of tissues, were performed on eight turtles. Necropsies revealed multiple irregular discrete to patchy 1-10 mm pale gray foci throughout the hearts of four turtles. By light microscopic examination, the most severe and consistent lesions were necrotizing myocarditis, histiocytic to fibrinous splenitis, and hepatic lipidosis and necrosis. A mixed leukocytic infiltrate of acidophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes was present in affected areas of the heart. Other lesions included lymphocytic/plasmacytic interstitial nephritis, subacute interstitial pneumonia, subacute mesenteric vasculitis, chronic/active enteritis of the small intestine, and occasional granulomas associated with spirorchid trematode ova. Chlamydiae could be demonstrated in macrophages in sections of paraffin-embedded heart, liver, and spleen and in myocardial fibers and hepatocytes using a modified Macchiavello's stain. Chlamydial antigen was detected by light microscopic examination in the cytoplasm of myocardial fibers and in occasional hepatocytes using a commercially available genus-specific antichlamydial monoclonal antibody and the avidin biotin peroxidase complex staining method. Electron microscopic examination of the heart of the most severely affected turtle revealed developmental stages of chlamydial organisms. A suspension of heart from this turtle was inoculated into the yolk sacs of chicken embryos.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Chlamydiosis in mariculture-reared green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas). 814 Jul 12

Renal specimens from 6 mink with encephalitozoonosis were studied by light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. The glomeruli of affected kidneys had a mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis which was characterized by an increase in mesangial cells and matrix in most glomeruli. Some glomeruli were partially or completely sclerosed. There were protein or granular casts in the cortical and medullary tubules. Interstitial nephritis, vasculitis and tubular cysts were found. Electron microscopy demonstrated extensive matrix and increased cellularity in the mesangial areas. Glomeruli showed segmentally thickened or wrinkled capillary basement membranes. Electron dense deposits were found in the glomerular basement membranes and mesangium. Peroxidase-anti-peroxidase immunohistochemistry demonstrated that IgG and IgM positive material was present as granular deposits in the glomerular basement membrane and occasionally in the mesangium.
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PMID:Mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis in mink with encephalitozoonosis. 834 67

A large body of clinical experience on the adverse consequences of cytokine administration has accumulated since the last decade. Side-effects reported after the therapeutic use of cytokines has provided evidence that activation of the immune response may sometimes have deleterious consequences. Several effects appeared as a direct consequence of the immune activation induced by cytokines, e.g. flu-like reactions, vascular leak syndrome. Cytokine-induced exacerbation of underlying diseases or immune dysregulation were other complications of growing concern. Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) treatment has now been clearly linked with the exacerbation or the occurrence of several types of autoantibodies or autoimmune diseases (thyroiditis, systemic lupus erythematosus, hematologic disorders, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) or diseases involving altered cell-mediated immune functions (inflammatory dermatologic diseases, nephritis, pneumonitis, colitis). By contrast immunological side-effects of IFN-beta and IFN-gamma have been seldom reported. However, the extent of clinical experience with both of these cytokines is still very limited. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) has also been implicated in various conditions that may involve immunopathological processes (thyroid disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, dermatological diseases, interstitial nephritis). Growth factors have been more specifically linked with the development or the exacerbation of dermatological inflammatory diseases through neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages or eosinophils activation (e.g. cutaneous vasculitis and generalized cutaneous eruption, Sweet's syndrome, bullous eruption, psoriasis). Exacerbation of autoimmune thyroiditis was described with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) only. The immunogenicity of cytokines is also of great relevance and the occurrence of antibodies binding IFN-alpha and IFN-beta, IL2 and GM-CSF have been reported. While the clinical significance of non-neutralizing antibodies is not clearly established, an absence of response or reversal of clinical efficacy has been described in patients developing neutralizing antibodies. Finally, several isolated reports have recently suggested that IFN-alpha treatment may be associated with several immunosuppressive effects while IL-2 is clinically associated with an increased incidence of infectious complications.
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PMID:Immune-mediated side-effects of cytokines in humans. 863 83


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