Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042384 (vasculitis)
 20,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Our objective in this study was to determine possible associations between antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) and histologically defined heart valve lesions in the MRL-lpr/lpr mouse, a suitable model for the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). At monthly intervals, from 2 to 6 months of age, three MRL-lpr/lpr mice (two with anticardiolipin antibodies, one without) and two sex- and age-matched Balb/c mice (controls) were sacrificed for histological studies. Serum binding to phospholipids and DNA was studied at this time. We found thickened heart valves in 68% of MRL-lpr/lpr mice and in 80% of Balb/c mice, and no association with any of the antibodies tested was found. No evidence of coronary vasculitis or thrombi was found in any of the mice studied. Platelet counts in MRL-lpr/lpr mice were significantly lower (640.550 +/- 211.818 x 10(6)/ml) than in Balb/c mice (780.0 + 112.5 x 10(6)/ml) (p < 0.05), and no association was found between platelet counts and aPL. In this model of murine APS, aPL bear no importance in heart valve pathology.
Lupus 1992 Dec
PMID:The heart and antiphospholipid antibodies in MRL-lpr/lpr mice. 130 3

A female patient, currently aged 40, has attended our Lupus Clinic for 8 years with a clinical picture of urticarial vasculitis, joint pains, severe myalgias and abdominal pain which has occurred in bouts at irregular intervals. She has been found to have consistently reduced C4 levels, C1-esterase inhibitor deficiency and a persistent monoclonal band in the gamma region on electrophoresis. Her serum IgA level has been continuously low. Her symptoms have failed to respond to antihistamines and a variety of other measures but have been partially alleviated by immunosuppressive therapy ('pulsed' cyclophosphamide). We believe that this is the first patient described showing this combination of clinical and laboratory features.
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PMID:Urticarial vasculitis, IgA deficiency and C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency in the presence of an IgG monoclonal gammopathy--a case report. 151 41

Normal and lupus PMN show an enhancement in superoxide production in vitro when stimulated with lupus serum. When N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) was used, lupus PMN showed an O2- production of 2.1 nmol/min/10(7) cells, which is 5.2 times the response of normal PMN stimulated by FMLP. Our results show the existence of serum factors in SLE patients that can stimulate O2- production by PMN. Lupus neutrophils showed an increased response to membrane stimuli such as FMLP, capable of triggering the cell respiratory burst. Lupus neutrophils appeared more responsive to membrane stimuli. The serum and cellular factors seemed to indicate an increase rate of superoxide production by PMN in lupus patients, which could be relevant factors in the development of vasculitis and tissue damage.
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PMID:Increased superoxide production by polymorphonuclear leukocytes in systemic lupus erythematosus. 165 9

Lupus anticoagulant was determined in lupus erythematosus as an antibody inhibiting prothrombin activation in phospholipid coagulation tests without specific suppression of any coagulation factors. The available information concerning properties and mechanisms of action of lupus anticoagulant are rather controversial as there exist a group of similar coagulation inhibitors that represent antiphospholipid antibodies. In spite of a considerable increase of a coagulation test time prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, the presence of the lupus anticoagulant is rarely followed by haemorrhagic diathesis. On the contrary, recurring thromboembolic complications, pathology of gestation are observed in patients with this or other antibodies against phospholipids. The appearance of the antiphospholipid antibodies is described in infections, haematological processes, systemic vasculitis, tumours, may be provoked by a long use of some medicinal preparations. Circulation of the lupus coagulant and other antibodies against phospholipids is of a chronic type while in infections diseases it is of an acute transitory character.
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PMID:[The antiphospholipid antibody syndrome: its pathogenesis and clinico-morphological manifestations]. 211 34

We investigated the clinical and pathologic characteristics of stroke in 234 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Thirteen patients (5.6%) developed cerebrovascular disease. Cerebral infarction was noted in eight, cerebral hemorrhage in two, and subarachnoid hemorrhage in three. In seven (54%) of these 13 patients, stroke occurred less than or equal to 5 years after systemic lupus erythematosus was diagnosed. Among the predisposing risk factors for stroke, hypertension was the most important. Lupus anticoagulant was detected in three (38%) and anticardiolipin antibody in three (43% of seven investigated) of the patients with infarction. Evaluation of the clinical manifestations and autoantibodies indicated that renal involvement and high titers of anti-deoxyribonucleic acid antibody were more frequent in the stroke group than in the non-stroke group. Autopsy studies on six of the patients with stroke revealed small infarcts and hemorrhages in all, but in no case was true angiitis observed. Libman-Sacks endocarditis was found in two of the three patients with infarction. In conclusion, the important contributory factor to the development of stroke in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus is considered to be hypertension mediated by immunologic abnormalities. Antiphospholipid antibodies and Libman-Sacks endocarditis are closely associated with occlusive cerebrovascular disease.
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PMID:Stroke in systemic lupus erythematosus. 223 45

Between 1974 and 1988, 7 myocardial infarctions occurred in 6 (4 men, 2 women) out of 400 systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Their ages at the onset of lupus ranged from 13 to 44 years (m = 26). Four had renal involvement. Control of lupus in all 6 patients required high-dose steroids (at least 1 mg/kg/d of prednisone). Myocardial infarction occurred 4 to 19 years after the onset of lupus (m = 13). One patient died of cardiogenic shock. When the infarction occurred, only one patient was undergoing a lupus flare, while the disease was quiescent or slightly active in the 5 others. One patient had no risk factors for atheroma but had been taking steroids for 10 years. Among the other 4, one had hypertension, another had hyperlipidemia and 3 were smokers; they had been on steroids for 2, 4, 11 and 13 years. Coronary angiogram showed occlusion in all 4, but atheroma in only 2 patients. Lupus anticoagulant was present in 3 of these 4 patients. The mechanisms responsible for coronary occlusion in lupus patients are probably complex and interwoven. In addition to "classical" factors (i.e., vasculitis or steroid-induced atheroma), other factors, such as antiphospholipid antibodies and/or smoking, may play an important thrombogenic role.
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PMID:[Myocardial infarction in systemic lupus erythematosus. 7 cases in 6 patients]. 228 5

Lupus anticoagulants and anticardiolipin antibodies are antiphospholipid antibodies (APLAb) with related antigenic specificities and are newly recognized markers for an increased risk of thrombosis. We studied 48 patients who presented with cerebral or visual dysfunction associated with APLAb to help clarify the diagnostic, clinical, laboratory, radiologic, and pathologic features in these patients. Most patients presented with transient cerebral ischemia or cerebral infarction. Recurrent and stereotypic events were frequent. Visual disturbances resulted from amaurosis fugax, retinal arterial or venous occlusion, occipital ischemia, diplopia, and migraine-like disturbances. Three patients presented with severe atypical classic migraine. Recurrent infarcts of brain and eye were significantly associated with the presence of cigarette smoking, hyperlipidemia, and a positive antinuclear antibody. During 44.4 patient-years of prospective follow-up, the combined stroke and systemic thrombotic event rate was 0.27 events per patient-year and was 0.54 events per patient-year if TIA and death were included. Forty (83%) of the patients did not have systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Thrombocytopenia was present in 15 (31%) and a false-positive VDRL in 11 (23%) of the patients. Cerebral angiography was normal or revealed large-vessel occlusion or stenosis without changes suggestive of vasculitis. Patients with only transient dysfunction generally had normal radiologic studies, including angiography. Organs and arterial vessels studied pathologically revealed thrombotic occlusive disease without vasculitis. APLAb are strongly associated with an immune-mediated thrombotic tendency, generally in the absence of SLE. Other stroke risk factors may add to the risk of recurrent ischemic events in patients with APLAb.
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PMID:Cerebrovascular and neurologic disease associated with antiphospholipid antibodies: 48 cases. 238 25

We studied the possible role of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) aggregation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) by the capacity of sera from 32 lupus patients to induce in vitro normal PMN aggregation. Neutrophil aggregating activity (NAA) in this group was significantly greater than that found in 8 inactive SLE patients and in 8 controls. In patients with SLE, there was a positive correlation between disease severity and the quantitative measure of NAA. High levels of NAA were particularly characteristic of central nervous system SLE. These data suggest that the formation of intravascular leukoaggregates may contribute to morbidity in SLE. Normal PMN increase their spontaneous superoxide anion production (0.21 nmol/min 10(7) PMN) when stimulated with sera from SLE patients. Lupus PMN also show an enhancement of 100% in superoxide production in vitro when stimulated with lupus sera. When N formyl methionine leucyl phenylalanine (FMLP) was used, lupus PMN showed an O2-production of 2.1 nmol/min 10(7) which is 5-fold the response of normal PMN stimulated by FMLP. Our results show the existence of seric factors in SLE patients that can stimulate O2-production by PMN. Lupus neutrophils show an increased response to membrane stimuli such as FMLP, capable of triggering the respiratory burst. Lupus neutrophils appear more responsive membrane stimuli such as FMLP, capable of triggering the respiratory burst. Lupus neutrophils appear more responsive to membrane stimuli. The seric and the cellular factors seem to indicate an increased rate of superoxide production by PMN in SLE patients, which can be relevant to vasculitis and tissue damage.
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PMID:[Neutrophil-dependent inflammatory reactions in systemic lupus erythematosus]. 264 Apr 79

Artificial reticuloendothelial system, which was made on an immobilized phenylalanine column, has been developed to remove denatured protein from serum. This system was used to treat systemic lupus erythematosus effectively. Lupus angiitis has been markedly improved with 12 treatments.
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PMID:Initial treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus with a new artificial reticuloendothelial system. 652 27

A patient with hyperglobulinemic purpura of Waldenstrom and systemic lupus erythematosus is reported. The coexistence of these two conditions which share a number of common clinical and laboratory features is rare. Treatment of the patient with prednisone, colchicine and hydroxychloroquine led to the improvement of the cutaneous vasculitis and a drop in ESR, serum gamma globulins and IgM and IgG rheumatoid factors. The features of nine other cases and the immunopathogenesis of the disease are reviewed.
Lupus 1995 Feb
PMID:Hypergammaglobulinemic purpura of Waldenstrom associated with systemic lupus erythematosus: report of a case and review of the literature. 753 22


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