Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042384 (vasculitis)
 20,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Several forms of glomerulopathies have been described in patients who use intravenous heroin, including focal glomerulosclerosis, membranous nephropathy associated with chronic hepatitis B antigenemia, and immune complex proliferative glomerulonephritis. This report describes a patient who was a heroin addict for 15 years and who developed membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and cutaneous vasculitis due to mixed cryoglobulinemia; he also had a positive hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody. Recently, an association has been described between "essential" mixed cryoglobulinemia and chronic HCV infection, which has a high prevalence in intravenous drug addict population. It is possible that mixed cryoglobulinemia-associated glomerulonephritis, occurring with chronic HCV infection, came to be considered a major cause of renal disease in heroin abusers. The possibility that HCV infection can be responsible for other types of renal involvement in intravenous drug addicts deserves further attention.
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PMID:Mixed cryoglobulinemia in a heroin addict. 817 17

314 patients, aged 65 years or older, were biopsied because of a history of renal disease. In 203 patients, glomerular disease was diagnosed with one fourth having systemic disease and the remaining primary glomerulonephritis. 90 patients had tubulointerstitial disease, and 21 patients showed prominent vascular pathology. In a comparison with patients of younger age groups, it appeared that amyloidosis, membranous nephropathy, vasculitis and diabetes had a significantly higher incidence in the elderly. Main glomerular syndromes such as nephrotic syndrome and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis imply to be managed appropriately. Glomerulosclerosis was found in high frequency, either as an isolated feature or associated with other lesions. Glomerulosclerosis seemed to be ischemic in origin and seems to represent a distinct entity as a cause of pathology in the elderly.
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PMID:Renal biopsy in the elderly. 832 38

We report the case of a 67-year-old man with allergic granulomatosis and angiitis (AGA; Churg-Strauss syndrome) who developed nephrotic syndrome during his clinical course and demonstrated membranous nephropathy on renal necropsy by electron microscopy. Following the development of symptoms of bronchial asthma accompanied by eosinophilia and mononeuritis multiplex, transbronchial lung biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of AGA. The patient died of pneumonia and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, but necropsy revealed severe tubulo-interstitial damage with neutrophilic infiltration and, in half of the glomeruli, mesangial proliferation with subepithelial dense deposits. This paper thus describes a rare case of AGA complicated by a secondary type of stage I membranous nephropathy.
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PMID:A case report of allergic granulomatosis and angiitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome) with a review of the literature. 833 5

Ninety nine patients with biopsy-proven diagnosis of immunologic glomerular disease were included in this study: 13 with extracapillaris glomerulonephritis (ExGN), 38 with membranoproliferative GN (MPGN), 33 with mesangial proliferative GN (MesPGN), 5 with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), 5 with membranous nephropathy (MN), and 3 with minimal change nephropathy (MC). Sera of these patients were tested for the presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) by standard indirect immunofluorescence (IIF). Specific antiproteinase 3 (anti-Pr 3) and anti-myeloperoxidase (anti-MPO) by ELISA were assayed in ANCA-positive patients. ANCA were detected by IIF and ELISA in sera from 28 patients (28%). Of the 28 patients, 3 had cytoplasmic ANCA (c-ANCA), while 25 had perinuclear pattern (p-ANCA). Two c-ANCA positive patients with anti-Pr3 belonged to group I (GN at time of diagnosis). Another c-ANCA positive patients suffering from GN belonged to group II (GN with restrained disease activity). Of the 25 p-ANCA positive patients, 23 belonged to group I, 1 to group II, and I to group III (active GN received immunosuppressive therapy for several months). Majority of ANCA positive patients with GN were complicated by extrarenal organs involvement. One c-ANCA positive patient had ExGN and two patients had MesPGN. Of the 25 p-ANCA positive patients, 7 had ExGN, 10 MPGN, 4 MesPGN, 2 FSGS, and 1 had MC. Five p-ANCA positive patients with ExGN were temporary dialysis-dependent. One of them died due to cardiac infarction, one became dialysis-dependent, there of them (treated also with plasma exchange) responded favorably to this treatment and after 3 to 12 months had life-sustaining renal function (s-creatinine < 265 umol/L; < 3 mg%). Renal-limited disease had 3 p-ANCA positive patients (anti-MPO) with ExGN another ANCA positive patient had extrarenal organs involvement. The majority of patients with low titer of ANCA by IIF and low concentration p-ANCA by ELISA had different morphological GN, in most cases MPGN. All c-ANCA positive patients had extrarenal organs involvement, mainly respiratory tract. One of them was dialysis-dependent, and two responded favorably to immunosuppressive therapy. It is concluded that the IIF and ELISAs for anti-Pr3, and anti-MPO have an acceptable performance and are useful in the diagnostic of patients with vasculitis. Vasculitis can be primary in patients with pauci-immune crescentic GN, or secondary to other disease processes including immune complex-mediated GN. IS treatment (methylpredisolone + cyclophospamide) of ANCA positive patients with renal insufficiency nad normal or enlarged renal size is favourable. In the patients with extrarenal organs involvement and without improvements in renal function, however, requirement of plasma exchange is considered.
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PMID:[Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in the glomerulonephritis]. 900 20

We report a case of lupus vasculitis with uterine localization and concurrent membranous nephropathy. Immunofluorescence study suggested the occurrence of an immune complex nephropathy and a pauci-immune pathogenesis of vasculitis. Our case points out the event of tissue damage in two organs mediated by different pathogenetic mechanisms. In addition, uterine vasculitis without pregnancy may be observed in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus nephritis.
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PMID:Systemic lupus erythematosus with membranous glomerulonephritis and uterine vasculitis. 901 1

A range of renal diseases have been previously described in patients with Down syndrome. With increased survival, it appears that a growing number of these patients present with chronic renal failure. Definition of underlying causes of renal failure could potentially lead to prevention of progressive renal dysfunction in this population. We report two index cases of teenaged Down patients who presented with proteinuria and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis with hyalinosis, not previously described in this population. In addition, autopsy files were reviewed at the Johns Hopkins Hospital to assess renal and especially glomerular pathology in Down patients. Additional cases, including acute glomerulonephritis with early crescents and vasculitis, minimal change disease, and membranous nephropathy, were identified; the latter two diseases had not been previously reported in patients with Down syndrome. Semiquantitative studies on glomerular changes in all cases examined through autopsy also were performed. The only pathological finding that was significantly more common in the Down syndrome group, compared with age-matched cases from the autopsy files, was cystic dilation of Bowman's space. Histological findings described as increased in the Down population in previously published autopsy studies were also present in the control population, highlighting the need to adequately control such studies. The cases of acquired glomerular disease reported here were seen largely after the first decade of life. Monitoring of Down patients for renal and especially glomerular disease should be done regularly as patients age into the second and third decades.
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PMID:Renal disease in Down syndrome: autopsy study with emphasis on glomerular lesions. 946 6

The prevalence of thyroid antibodies, indicating an autoimmune thyroiditis, has been shown to be significantly increased in patients with autoimmune diseases. A 3-year prospective follow-up study of 42 patients with biopsy-confirmed glomerulonephritis is presented. Although the majority of patients had been treated with immunosuppressants, the prevalence of thyroid peroxidase antibodies was unchanged in both females and males, 47 and 15% respectively, at follow-up. Likewise, the prevalence of thyroglobulin antibodies was unaffected as was that of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) when analysing males and females together. However, for males there was a trend to higher prevalence for ANA at follow-up. On the other hand, the prevalence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies declined. Furthermore, thyroid antibodies were not restricted to membranous nephropathy, and notably found in 4 out of the 8 patients with vasculitis.
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PMID:Persistent high prevalence of thyroid antibodies after immunosuppressive therapy in subjects with glomerulonephritis. A prospective three-year follow-up study. 965 29

Renal involvement in thyroid diseases is an unusual event. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis has been reported in propylthiouracil-treated patients. Membranous glomerulonephritis has been reported in association with both antithyroglobulin and thyroid antimicrosomal antibodies. The development of membranous glomerulonephritis may be associated with administration of 131I. We present a patient who developed membranous glomerulonephritis after administration of 131I. The clinical and pathological features of renal involvement in thyroid diseases are reviewed.
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PMID:Membranous glomerulonephritis associated with Graves' disease. 1002 52

The elucidation of the pathogenesis of human renal disease at the molecular level has been facilitated by the growing field of gene targeting and the development of mouse strains with single-gene deletions - the 'knock-out' mice. Experimental nephrology, therefore, requires well-characterized and reliable models of human renal disease that can be induced reproducibly in mice. Today surgical procedures for the induction of renal ischemia, chronic renal failure, and ureter obstruction are feasible in mice. Models of mesangioproliferative or crescentic glomerulonephritis, glomerulosclerosis, and tubulointerstitial disease are readily available; however, these depend heavily on the mouse genetic background. Attention to the genetic background and appropriate backcrossing are, therefore, of great importance in the design and interpretation of experimental studies, especially in transgenic mice. Simple murine models displaying the clinical features of other human renal diseases such as IgA nephropathy, membranous glomerulonephritis, and renal vasculitis are still lacking. Mouse strains that spontaneously develop distinct renal pathologies similar to lupus nephritis and focal-segmental glomerulosclerosis can be intercrossed with transgenic mice to study the impact of single-gene deletions on the renal phenotype. The present review provides a survey about currently available spontaneous and inducible murine models of renal disease with special attention to problems and future perspectives for their use in transgenic animals.
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PMID:Murine models of renal disease: possibilities and problems in studies using mutant mice. 1094 Jul 15

A case of sudden and unexpected death of a 29-year-old man during a basketball game is reported. Six years before death a transient ischemic attack and a membranous glomerulonephritis were diagnosed. The autopsy revealed as cause of death to be a severe lymphoplasmocytic coronariitis and, in addition, a small single focus of a lymphoplasmocytic aortitis, indicating a systemic disease. A suspected syphilitic vasculitis could not be confirmed. In the literature there are few cases of similar coronary arteriitis are described, such as Takayasu's type of arteriitis in men of young and middle age.
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PMID:[Sudden cardiac death during sports due to coronariitis]. 1100 33


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