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Query: UMLS:C0042384 (vasculitis)
 20,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During attempts to create a realistic model of fatal bacteremia due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa during immunosuppression, it was found that the invasive as well as the disseminated phase of infection could be mimicked by gentle instillation of 10(8) colony-forming units of P. aeruginosa into the intact conjunctival sac of agranulocytic rabbits. Within 48 hr animals developed conjunctivits leading to severe necrotizing vasculitis and fatal bacteremia. Twelve of 26 strains from patients with P. aeruginosa infections were virulent, causing death in 50%--100% of animals. Nine (75%) of 12 isolates from blood but only two (15%) of 13 isolates from sputum and urine were highly lethal. Neither proteolytic enzyme production nor serum resistance alone accounted for virulence. No infection developed in animals and normal leukocyte counts or in neutropenic animals given Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or non-aeruginosa pseudomonads. A rare vasculitic lesion was observed in animals inoculated with Serratia marcescens. This model, which illustrates the distinctive features of P. aeruginosa infection, is so simple and reproducible that it should be useful for evaluation of the efficacy of drugs and immunization against Pseudomonas in the compromised host.
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PMID:Pseudomonas aeruginosa vasculitis and bacteremia following conjunctivitis: a simple model of fatal pseudomonas infection in neutropenia. 10 45

There has been a gradual accumulation of reported Campylobacter fetus human infections since the first description in 1947. The taxonomy of these fastidious and morphologically confusing organisms has been recently revised and, in the past few years, through the use of selective culture medium for stool isolation C fetus has been implicated as a frequent paghogen in children. There are three relatively distinct patterns of human C fetus infection. The first, most frequent, pattern of disease is enteritis which is usually uncomplicated and due to C fetus subsp jejuni. A second form of disease consists of focal infections, often associated with vasculitis and/or chronic bacteremia. These infections, due to C fetus subsp intestinalis, are seen most often in older, debilitated, or chronically ill men. The third pattern, perinatal infections causing abortion, prematurity, and neonatal meningitis, is the least frequent, but these infections are usually fetal to the fetus or infant and are also due to C fetus subsp intestinalis.
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PMID:Campylobacter fetus infections in children. 39 Apr 87

Pseudomonas aeruginosa displays a curious propensity for invading blood vessels and causing vessel wall necrosis. This bacteremia-related "vasculitis" is often associated with hemorrhagic necrosis and infarction of surrounding organ parenchyma. With the exception of skin lesions, however, clinical manifestations of Ps. aeruginosa vasculitis seldom occur. In the patient we describe, fatal Ps. aeruginosa bacteremia was first manifested by a syndrome indistinguishable from pulmonary thromboembolism with infarction.
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PMID:Bacterial invasion of pulmonary vessels. Pseudomonas bacteremia mimicking pulmonary thromboembolism with infarction. 70 44

We report the case of a healthy young Hispanic man with Salmonella typhimurium bacteremia and leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Leukocytoclastic vasculitis has not been previously reported as a complication of salmonella gastroenteritis and bacteremia. Salmonella gastroenteritis is rarely associated with bacteremia in healthy young adults.
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PMID:Case report: salmonellosis complicated by leukocytoclastic vasculitis. 175 Apr 49

Sixty-four, 10-week-old turkeys were inoculated with a highly virulent field isolate (86-1913) of Pasteurella multocida serotype A:3,4 by an oculo-nasal-oral route. Inoculated turkeys were examined at 4, 8, 16, 20, and 24 hours post-inoculation for bacteremia and histologic lesions. Bacteremia was detected in one of six turkeys 8 hours after inoculation and in four of six turkey poults at 16 hours post-inoculation. Pasteurella multocida was isolated from the spleens of two turkeys at 8 hours and from the spleens of all six poults 16 hours after inoculation. Peak concentrations of P. multocida reached 10(9) colony forming units per ml of blood. At 4 to 8 hours post-inoculation, isolate 86-1913 produced a fibrinopurulent bronchopneumonia followed by severe pulmonary necrosis, pleuritis, vasculitis; and, at 16 to 24 hours post-inoculation numerous extracellular bacteria were observed. Hepatic lesions included focal heterophil aggregates 8 hours after inoculation; these progressed to hepatic necrosis. Numerous extracellular bacteria within sinusoids were present 16 to 24 hours after inoculation. At 16 to 24 hours post-inoculation, there was degeneration of periarteriolar reticular cells in the spleen; these cells progressed to coalescing coagulative splenic necrosis with extracellular bacterial colonies. A second group of 41, 10-week-old turkeys, previously vaccinated with the Clemson University strain of P. multocida serotype A:3,4, were challenged with isolate 86-1913.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Septicemia in vaccinated and nonvaccinated turkeys inoculated with Pasteurella multocida serotype A:3,4. 240 53

Bacillus cereus, which used to be considered non-pathogenic, was isolated from the blood of a patient with acute leukemia who was receiving intensive chemotherapy. Fatal bacteremia developed with a clinical syndrome of acute gastroenteritis, followed by both meningoencephalitis with subarachnoid hemorrhage and multiple liver abscesses probably caused by infective vasculitis. Surveillance stool cultures revealed colonization with the organism prior to the onset of diarrhea, and repetitive blood cultures were found to be positive. Thus, this case suggested some new important clinicopathologic features of true B. cereus bacteremia complicating acute leukemia.
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PMID:Bacillus cereus bacteremia in an adult with acute leukemia. 312 17

Shunt nephritis syndrome consists of glomerulonephritis, mixed cryoglobulinemia, and persistent bacteremia. A 37-year-old woman with a prior history of a ventriculoatrial shunt presented complaining of urticaria. A skin biopsy specimen from one lesion showed findings consistent with vasculitis. Because microscopic hematuria was seen on urinalysis, systemic disease was suspected. The ensuing diagnostic workup revealed the syndrome of "shunt nephritis." To our knowledge, cutaneous findings of urticaria and vasculitis have not been previously reported in this interesting syndrome.
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PMID:Urticarial vasculitis, immune complex disease, and an infected ventriculoatrial shunt. 316 6

Infectious endocarditis (IE) develops following bacteremic episodes during which bacteria may attach to sterile thrombotic vegetations. Such thrombotic vegetations result from the deposition of platelets and fibrin on lesioned endothelium. These sterile vegetations are the most susceptible to infection in the left side of the heart, since this localization is found in as much as 80% of the patients with IE. Any circulating bacterial or mycotic organism may induce endocarditis, but streptococci are most often responsible, possibly because of their high capacity to adhere to thrombotic vegetations. The host cell defenses apparently cannot penetrate the dense network of platelet and fibrin in the vegetation, and humoral immunity (antibodies and complement) are of no help against gram-positive cocci. Thus, the infected vegetation has been compared to a localized agranulocytic focus, permitting the survival of infection and allowing bacteria to be released freely and continuously into the circulation (hence the constant bacteremia, a hallmark of IE). In the subacute and chronic evolution of IE, the clinical findings are mainly due to immunization of the host against the infecting microbe, resulting in antigen-antibody-complex-mediated vasculitis, and in nonspecific symptoms. Only positive blood cultures at this stage will confirm the clinical suspicion of endocarditis. Embolism may occur in any organ and falsify the diagnosis because of focal signs. Local complications of IE are the major cause of mortality in this disease, and are due to valve perforation, paravalvular abscesses, cardiac metastatic abscesses etc. If these complications occur early in the course of IE, the course may be acute.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Physiopathology of infectious endocarditis]. 651 52

A patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia suddenly developed a disseminated monomorphic eruption of purpuric papules. The papules were initially thought to be lesions of vasculitis, leukemia cutis, or septic emboli. Histologic study, however, revealed large focal colonies of gram-positive cocci within the dermis. It is postulated that a bacteremia of antibiotic-resistant cocci led to dissemination of these organisms into a virtually defenseless skin. The patient's pancytopenia and consequent immune paralysis are viewed as accounting for this focal bacterial colonization and for the remarkable absence of clinical and histologic inflammatory response. Such hematogenous noninflammatory bacterial colonization of the skin must be added to the differential diagnosis of palpable purpura.
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PMID:Disseminate intradermal bacterial colonization presenting as palpable purpura in lymphoblastic leukemia. 657 17

Eight-six children with meningococcal meningitis or bacteremia were evaluated prospectively between 1977 and 1979 to determine the incidence of complications and features predictive of their development. The majority (83%) of these infections were caused by serogroup B strains. Twenty-seven percent of survivors experienced one or more suppurative, allergic, or neurologic complications. Hearing loss, noted in 9% of children, occurred significantly more often in patients with admission leukocytosis or leukopenia, or with CSF leukocytosis greater than 10,000/mm3 than in those with an uncomplicated course (P less than 0.01). Ten percent of survivors developed allergic complications manifested as cutaneous vasculitis or arthritis with onset five to eight days after admission. Shock, purpuric skin lesions, and fever persisting longer than five days occurred significantly more often in these children than in those who developed hearing loss or those with an uncomplicated course (P less than 0.05). Resolution of allergic complications occurred within 14 days of their onset. Compared to Neisseria meningitidis groups A and C, group B strains appear to be intermediate in their potential for allergic complications associated with childhood infection.
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PMID:Complications and sequelae of meningococcal infections in children. 727 93


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