Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042373 (vascular disease)
 17,070 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Severe ischaemia of the left upper limb developed in a 42-year-old woman (who had suffered from migraine since the age of 6 years) after the intake of 12 mg ergotamine tartrate (six suppositories of Cafergot within 5 hours). The left hand became very painful and pale with loss of touch sensation, and she could not move her fingers. Selective catheter angiography demonstrated typical signs of vascular ergotism: arterial spasms, corkscrew-like collaterals and segmental arterial occlusions. The patient's symptoms began to improve 10 minutes after starting an intraarterial infusion of prostaglandin E1 (0.34 ng/kg per min over 10 hours). Sensory function in the fingers was restored after 24 hours and reactive hyperaemia had occurred. Radiological examination after 48 hours showed complete recovery. This case emphasizes the need for obtaining an exact history regarding drug intake in any case of acute peripheral vascular disorder, but especially if there is no pointer to arterial thromboembolism. Angiography is of value in the differential diagnosis of suspected ergotism. Intraarterial infusion of prostaglandin E1 has few side effects and is immediately effective.
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PMID:[Critical ischemia of the extremities caused by ergotism. Treatment with intra-arterial prostaglandin E1 infusion]. 833 May 8

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an independent risk factor for thromboembolism and stroke. Women with AF are at a higher overall risk for thromboembolic stroke when compared to men with AF. Recent evidence suggests that female sex, after adjusting for stroke risk profile and sex differences in utilisation of anticoagulation, is an independent stroke risk factor in AF. The inclusion of female sex has improved the accuracy of the CHADS2 stroke risk stratification schema (Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age 75 years or greater, Diabetes mellitus, and prior Stroke or TIA). The newly revised and validated schema, CHA2DS2-VASc, dichotomises age and incorporates female sex and vascular disease history. The pathophysiological mechanisms to explain this increased risk in women are not well understood. According to Virchow's triad, thrombosis that leads to stroke in AF should arise from three co-existing phenomena: structural abnormalities, blood stasis, and a hypercoagulable state. Herein, we explore the sex differences in the biological processes that lead to thrombus formation as applied to Virchow's Triad. The objective of this review is to describe the potential mechanisms behind the increased risk of stroke in AF associated with female sex.
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PMID:Female sex as an independent risk factor for stroke in atrial fibrillation: possible mechanisms. 2430 74