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Query: UMLS:C0042373 (vascular disease)
 17,070 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Capillaroscopy of the ocular conjunctiva is a simple technique, essential to carry out in conjunction with capillaroscopy of the peri-ungeal bed, in order to carry out complete dynamic exploration of the terminal vascular bed. The normal appearance is described, and then the morphological abnormalities, as well as the changes seen in certain purely vascular pathological states, as well as in system diseases, in particular collagen diseases, and diabetic micro-angiopathy, where this examination is of particular value and rich in information.
J Mal Vasc 1980
PMID:[Capillaroscopy of the ocular conjunctive. Diagnostic value (author's transl)]. 746 31

Many clinical and experimental data are in favour of a participation of leukocytes in vascular disease. Diabetes, a risk factor, is associated with a dysfunction of neutrophils. If chemotaxis and phagocytosis are deficient, it is not clearly established whether superoxide generation is conserved in these patients. We have measured this function in 35 noninsulin dependent diabetic patients, compared with a control population. We have assessed, in parallel, a profile of the cytokines involved in vascular phenomenons including TNF alpha, IL-1 beta et IL-6. Our results indicate that the generation of free radicals is normal in diabetics, with a significant elevation of TNF alpha. These results suggest a possible participation of this cytokine in the modulation of granulocyte reactivity.
J Mal Vasc 1995
PMID:[Respiratory burst of neutrophils and cytokine profile in the non-insulin-dependent diabetic]. 765 Apr 34

Surgical indications of isolated ventricular septal defects (VSD) with large shunts are a common problem in paediatric cardiology. The present study was undertaken retrospectively and continuously over 5 years in 50 patients in whom the age of diagnosis varied from birth to 1 year. The surgical results are presented and the clinical and paraclinical parameters used for determining the surgical indications are reviewed. Only 16 out of 50 children (32%) were operated without catheter study. However, since February 1992, when colour Doppler echocardiography became a routine investigation in the department, 75% of children have been operated on echocardiographic data alone. Knowing that the risk of pulmonary vascular disease is practically nil in this condition at this age, the most important problem lies in distinguishing between single and multiple VSDs. Until recently, angiography has always been the reference investigation. In this series, it did not appear to be superior to a good colour Doppler study. The surgical results showed a hospital mortality of 4%, the persistence of a well tolerated VSD in 16% of cases, none of which required reoperation. Two cases of complete atrioventricular block required permanent cardiac pacing. The authors conclude that when echocardiography provides all the necessary data concerning site, number, size and haemodynamic consequences of VSD, catheterisation may be dispensed with at this age. The surgical indication is, generally, closure of the VSD by a patch, usually possible by a right atrial approach; pulmonary artery banding is an exceptional necessity in infants with a precarious haemodynamic status and/or with multiple apical VSD.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1994 May
PMID:[Surgical indications and results in 50 cases of isolated ventricular septal defects during the first year of life]. 785 92

Intravascular ultrasound is a new method of visualizing details of vascular pathology, providing (real time) high resolution images of vascular walls. Most of the research on the technique has explored its qualitative and quantitative capabilities to improve the assessment of atherosclerotic vascular disease in vivo. Intravascular ultrasound differs from angiography and angioscopy in its ability to penetrate below the surface of the vessel lumen, demonstrating specific appearances of the distribution and composition of plaque. Image analysis is operator dependent. Although this technology is very promising limitations such as artefacts and loss of image quality in heavily calcified vessels hinder its use. There is hope that this imaging technique may ultimately improve the results of endovascular interventions.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1993 Sep
PMID:[Intravascular echographic imaging: experimental validations and limits. An in vitro study]. 812 56

Hypertension is a devastating disease that affects an estimated 20 million Americans per year and predisposes them to cardiac, cerebral and renal disease. The need to discover and treat the surgically curable forms of hypertension is underscored by the lethal effects of this entity. Restoration of renal blood flow to a stenotic or occluded renal artery for the management of poorly controlled renovascular hypertension or deteriorating renal function is a proven therapeutic modality. The technical advances of digital subtraction angiography, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor challenge, balloon angioplasty and alternative surgical bypass procedures have inspired a more aggressive approach to the diagnosis and treatment of higher risk patients with atherosclerotic disease and the application of bench surgery for difficult branch segmental disease. The indications for surgical correction of patients with atherosclerosis are more limited, owing to the presence of commonly associated diseases of senescence, and the presence of extrarenal vascular disease. Treatment with more effective new potent antihypertensive drugs is warranted initially in this population and may, in fact, be preferred in patients with generalized atherosclerosis. Our own poor results with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for atherosclerotic lesions has prevented us from offering this option to patients with classic renal ostial lesions which are in essence an aortic disease that does not respond to this modality. The less common short mid-renal artery disease without a significant aortic component frequently responds to balloon dilatation if skillfully applied.
J Mal Vasc 1994
PMID:Surgery of the renal artery: hepato and spleno renal bypass. 815 99

The heterogeneity of vascular dementia depends on the cause, size, location and nature of the vascular lesions (36, 62). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques are of major interest to detect the vascular origin of dementia: the lack of focal lesions or leukoencephalopathy excludes the vascular origin of dementia (36). Occlusions of large extra-cerebral arteries usually lead to cortical or large subcortical infarcts or both (28). Dementia may be due to multiple infarcts or to a single infarct located in a strategic area (47). Lacunar infarcts are due to the occlusion of one single deep perforator with a thickening of the arterial wall due to lipohyalinosis (25), usually in a patient with arterial hypertension; lacunes are located in a territory supplied by the deep perforators. They appear as hyperintense in T2-weighted sequences and hypo-intense in T1-weighted sequences. Old small hemorrhages have the same appearance than infarcts on CT-scans but their center appears hypo-intense in T2-weighted sequences. In normal subjects, age and arterial hypertension are risk factors for hemispheric white matter hyperintensities (59, 60). Their vascular origin is likely because of the evidence of lesions of the wall of deep perforators (17, 21), their association with lacunes (17, 21, 30, 37) or deep hemorrhages (30, 32, 37), and their frequency in amyloid angiopathy (26). Their prevalence is higher in vascular dementia than in Alzheimer's disease (59). They sometimes fulfill criteria for Binswanger's disease (5). Even after exclusion of predisposing factors they remain frequent in healthy subjects over 50 years (39, 56); however, whether they herald subsequent dementia remains unsettled.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
J Mal Vasc 1995
PMID:[Magnetic resonance imaging in vascular dementia]. 854 1

Coexistence of hypertension and lipid disorders enhances the development of atherosclerosis. However it is still unclear whether this promoting effect of hypertension results only from hemodynamic changes or whether part of it is mediated by humoral or neurogenic factors independently of blood pressure alteration. The aim of this study is to determine whether mineralocorticoids, which are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension, can influence the atherosclerotic process in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits (WHHL) independently of pressure changes. For this purpose, DOCA (200 or 400 mg/kg) or vehicle were implanted subcutaneously for 4 weeks in 3 months old WHHL or New Zealand (NZ) rabbits, without nephrectomy and with a fluid intake solution of 1% NaCl +0.2% KCl. DOCA treatment, independently of hemodynamic changes, significantly increases the size of atherosclerotic lesions in parallel with the aortic cholesterol esters content in the arch and thoracic aorta of WHHL rabbits. Plasmatic and aortic cholesterol and triglyceride content remains unchanged by DOCA treatment. Alteration of endothelial function usually found in WHHL rabbits is accentuated only for the dose of 400 mg/kg. Aortic sensitivity to serotonin is not altered, but the maximal contraction to this agonist is decreased in both strains by mineralocorticoid treatment. These results indicate the importance of non-hemodynamic factors related to hypertension which are implicated also in atherogenesis and support the clinical observations that a reduction of arterial pressure in hypertensive atherosclerotic patients is not sufficient to reduce the progression of this vascular disease.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1995 Aug
PMID:[Non-hypertensive desoxycorticosterone treatment enhances the progression of atherosclerosis in WHHL rabbit]. 857 73

Patients requiring radical cure of an aneurysm of the abdominal aorta often have associated conditions increasing the risk of peri-operative complications and immediate or short-term mortality. Detecting such associated lesions is thus of major importance to adapt patient management and treatment strategy. We assessed the following parameters associated with increased risk of peri-operative death in a series of 418 patients who underwent elective surgery for aneurysms of the abdominal aorta between 1986 and 1994: chronic renal failure (with or without dialysis), clinically apparent coronary artery disease, age over 75 years, defective left ventricular function. The effect of the characteristics of the aneurysm on immediate survival was also assessed. Aneurysm larger than 6 cm extending to the hypogastric artery had a higher operative risk. Post-operative survival was 96.5% at one month, 90% at one year and 87% and 69% at 2 and 5 years respectively. The predominant causes of death late in the post-operative period were vascular disease (coronary or neurologic) and cancer. Complications related to the operation were rare (1.5%). In conclusion, detection of operative risks allows 1) better patient selection for surgery, 2) adopting appropriate measures when the indication for surgery is retained, 3) establishing a follow-up and a screening protocol for detecting factors causing late deaths.
J Mal Vasc 1995
PMID:[Patients operated on for aneurysms of the abdominal aorta: risk factors and survival]. 858 51

Many abnormalities of haemostasis have been described in hyperlipidaemias. They are especially marked in hypertriglyceridaemia with raised factor VII, PAI-1 and, sometimes, fibrinogen levels. The hypercholesterolaemias are associated with a raised haematocrit and blood viscosity. Changes in platelet aggregation are inconstant and consist of platelet activation in vivo and increased reactivity ex vivo. The origin of these disturbances has not been clearly established. Some, like the hyperfibrinogenaemia or platelet activation, are perhaps only secondary to the vascular disease caused by the dyslipidaemia. The effect of lipid-lowering therapy on these abnormalities varies according to the class of drug. Several fibrate-derivatives decrease fibrinogen, factor VII, PAI-1 levels and platelet activation. The resins have little effect on the parameters of haemostasis. The statins reduce platelet activation in and ex vivo, and, inconsistently, correct blood hyperviscosity. It is to early to attribute clinical importance to the effects on haemostasis of lipid-lowering drugs. Although it has been demonstrated that some statins have a rapid preventive action after only several months' treatment, on myocardial infarction and coronary deaths, it is also true that resins, which do not affect haemostatic parameters, are also effective in preventing coronary events. The most widely accepted mode of action of lipid-lowering drugs is the stabilisation of atheromatous plaques.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1995 Nov
PMID:[Dyslipidemia, lipid lowering drugs and thrombosis]. 874

Homocystein is at the crossroads of the metabolic pathways of sulphuric amino acids. Homocystinuria is a congenital autosomal recessive disease, usually related to cystathionine beta-synthetase deficiency. Children with homozygotic forms of the disease have early vascular complications which represent the main cause of death. Moderately elevated serum homocystein levels are related to two major genetic factors (heterozygotic cystathionine beta-synthetase deficiency and mutation of the 5-10 methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase) and several minor, genetic and non-genetic factors (folic acid, vitamins B6 and B12 and betain deficiencies). Previous studies have suggested that hyperhomocysteinaemia could be a cardiovascular risk factor. This study was based on 222 subjects including 102 consecutive patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease and 120 control subjects without vascular disease. No relationship was observed between serum homocystein concentrations and the classical cardiovascular risk factors. Coronary patients had higher average homocystein concentrations than control subjects (11.27 +/- 0.52 vs 8.77 +/- 0.31 mumol/l); p < 0.0001): moreover, the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinaemia (> 15.67 mumol/l) was higher in the coronary group (15.7%) than in the controls (2.5%). A significant relationship was also observed between homocystein concentrations and the severity of the coronary disease (defined by a coronary score) and the number of diseased vascular territories. These results underline the relationship between homocystein and vascular risk, especially that of coronary artery disease. The treatment of hyperhomocysteinaemia by folic acid supplements is effective in correcting plasma levels, without side effects and at a relatively low cost.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1996 Oct
PMID:[Hyperhomocysteinemia in coronary artery diseases. Apropos of a study on 102 patients]. 895 20


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