Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042373 (vascular disease)
 17,070 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Dyspnea, back pain, edema, and cyanosis developed suddenly in a 23-year-old woman during the last trimester of her first pregnancy. Although she had been noticed to have the enlarged heart and exertional shortness of breath to a slight degree, she had been apparently in good condition without any significant heart murmurs. Clinically, recurrent episodes of disseminated intravascular coagulation, including pulmonary thrombosis, were thought to be superimposed to Eisenmenger syndrome associated with toxemia of pregnancy. Anticoagulant and fibrinolytic treatments were tried, but their effectiveness was limited by hemorrhagic diathesis. She died of respiratory and circulatory failure after delivery of a moribund baby. Autopsy revealed Eisenmenger complex (a defect in the membranous portion of the interventricular septum and pulmonary vascular disease) and many fresh hemmorrhages in both lungs with a lot of new and organized thrombi. Fresh thrombi were also seen in the heart, the pancreas and the kidneys. The high peripartal mortality in Eisenmenger syndrome could be attributed to pulmonary thrombosis, which may be related to DIC, as well as to peripartal changes in circulatory function.
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PMID:An autopsied case of Eisenmenger syndrome complicated by recurrent thromboembolic phenomena in postpartal period. 13 43

A 39-year-old man was referred to our hospital with anterior chest discomfort, dry cough and shortness of breath. His blood test revealed mild inflammatory change and high serum KL-6 levels. Chest radiograph and computed tomography (CT) showed ground glass attenuation with volume loss in both lower lung fields, and in particular a reversed halo sign was shown on high-resolution CT (HRCT). As transbronchial lung biopsy and bronchoalveolar lavage did not enable a diagnosis, video-assisted thoracic surgery was performed. The histological findings of the resected specimen showed cellular nonspecific interstitial pneumonia. This suggested the possibility of collagen vascular disorder (CVD) associated with interstitial pneumonitis, but no criteria of CVD were fulfilled. Although the reversed halo sign is relatively specific for cryptogenic organizing pneumonia, we report a case of cellular nonspecific interstitial pneumonia showing this sign on chest HRCT.
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PMID:[A case of nonspecific interstitial pneumonia with reversed halo sign on chest HRCT]. 1741 37

This study tested the hypothesis that patients with PAD have impaired health-related quality of life (HRQoL) to a degree similar to that of patients with other types of cardiovascular disease (other-CVD), and also evaluated the clinical features of PAD associated with impaired HRQoL. This was a cross-sectional study in 350 primary care practice sites nationwide with 6,499 participants. The reference group had no clinical or hemodynamic evidence of PAD or other-CVD; the PAD group had an ankle-brachial index < 0.90 or a prior history of PAD; the other-CVD group had a clinical history of cardiac or cerebral vascular disease (but no PAD), and the combined PAD-other-CVD group included both diagnoses. Individuals were assessed using four HRQoL questionnaires including the Walking Impairment Questionnaire (WIQ), Medical Outcomes Study SF-36 (SF-36), Cantril Ladder of Life and the PAD Quality of Life questionnaire. PAD patients had lower WIQ distance scores than the other-CVD group. Both the PAD and other-CVD groups had significantly lower SF-36 Physical Function scores compared with the reference group. The WIQ revealed that PAD patients were more limited by calf pain, whereas other-CVD patients were more limited by chest pain, shortness of breath and palpitations. In conclusion, in this nationwide study, one of the first to directly compare the HRQoL burden of CVD with that of PAD, the evaluation of PAD in office practice revealed a HRQoL burden as great in magnitude as in patients with other forms of CVD.
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PMID:The impact of peripheral arterial disease on health-related quality of life in the Peripheral Arterial Disease Awareness, Risk, and Treatment: New Resources for Survival (PARTNERS) Program. 1837 34

Patients suffering from severe chronic liver disease, in particular cirrhosis, are at risk for pulmonary complications. The leading clinical symptom is shortness of breath, which can accompany the actual disease as indirect effect because of anemia, faint muscles or ascites. On the other hand, dyspnea can have multiple additive causes in case of accompanying cardial or pulmonary disease. The hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) and the portopulmonary hypertension (PoPH) belong to the most relevant pulmonary complications in liver cirrhosis. HPS appears to be more common than PoPH and the presence of either entity increases morbidity and mortality in patients with liver disease. The two diseases have to be strictly distinguished, as they have opposed histological and pathophysiological origin. While the HPS is a dilatative pulmonary- vascular disease, the PoPH is a constrictive or obliterative pulmonary-vascular disease in the context of a liver disease or a portal hypertension. Therefore, these diseases are separate entities also when it comes to diagnostics and therapy.
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PMID:[Pulmonary affection in advanced liver disease - hepatepulonary syndrome and portopulmonary hypertension]. 2124 May 91

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) can cause morbidity and mortality in children. Although adult and pediatric PAH share many similarities, many differences have been found in children. Thus, a new classification for pediatric pulmonary hypertensive vascular disease has been proposed. Both child and adult gene mutation carriers with PAH tend to have worse prognoses. Pediatric patients present with better preserved functional class, and parents should pay high attention to any children with unexplained shortness of breath, fatigue or syncope, as symptoms of PAH in children are often misleading. Right heart catheterization is necessary for diagnosis. Although there are few medications approved for pediatric PAH and evidence-based treatment algorithms for children are still lacking, the survival of pediatric patients has been improved significantly since targeted therapies approved for adults were introduced to pediatric patients. PAH in children is unique, and further studies are needed to have a better understanding of it.
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PMID:Pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension. 2416 11

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating, life-limiting disease driven by small vessel vascular remodeling leading to a rise in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). Patients present with a range of symptoms including shortness of breath, exercise intolerance, palpitations or syncope. Symptoms may be related to vascular disease progression or arrhythmia secondary to the adaptation of the right heart to pressure overload. Arrhythmic burden is high in patients with left heart disease and guideline-based treatment of arrhythmias improves quality of life and prognosis. In PAH the incidence and prevalence of arrhythmias is less well-defined and there are no PAH-specific guidelines for arrhythmia management. We undertook a literature search identifying 13 relevant papers; detection of arrhythmias was acquired from 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) or Holter monitors. In all forms of pulmonary hypertension (PH) the prevalence of supraventricular arrhythmias (SVA) was 26-31%, ventricular arrhythmias (VA) 24% and a 5-year incidence of SVA ~13.2-25.1%. Prevalence and incidence of arrhythmias in PAH is less clear due to limited study numbers and the heterogenous nature of the patient population studied. For arrhythmia treatment, only single-arm studies of therapeutic strategies were reported using antiarrhythmic drugs (AAD), direct current cardioversion (DCCV) and ablation. Periods between ECG or Holter have not been investigated, highlighting the possibility that significant arrhythmias may be undetected. Advances in monitoring allow long-term surveillance via implanted/non-invasive monitors. Use of such technologies may provide an accurate estimate of incidence and prevalence of arrhythmias in patients with PAH, further defining relationships to adverse outcomes, and therapeutic options.
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PMID:Arrhythmic Burden and Outcomes in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. 3139 15