Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042373 (vascular disease)
 17,070 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seventy-five diabetic and 40 nondiabetic subjects who were suffering from peripheral vascular disease were studied in order to determine whether the degree of the severity of their disease can be better calculated by Doppler ultrasound examinations of the peak velocity than by the systolic pressure of the peripheral bloodstream. In 46 examinations of normal controls the mean value of the peak velocity was 13.3 +/- 3.3 cm/s with a standard deviation of 15.4% +/- 13.2% on one day and 16.1% +/- 15.9% on different days. Considering patients with or without diabetes mellitus the velocity was significantly decreased in correlation to an increasing degree of severity of the vascular disease (P less than 0.001); however, the decrease was lower in diabetic than in nondiabetic subjects (6.9 +/- 2.8 vs 4.6 +/- 6.2, P less than 0.05). The systolic pressure hardly decreased, but remained higher in all stages of peripheral vascular disease of diabetics than in the nondiabetic subject (P less than 0.05 to P less than 0.005). There was a significant decrease of the systolic pressure only in diabetic subjects with the most advanced degree of the disease, i.e. stage IV (P less than 0.05). It is concluded from this study that Doppler ultrasound measurements of the peak velocity of the peripheral bloodstream are a useful parameter to calculate the degree of severity of the peripheral vascular disease. In addition, it is concluded than peak velocity is an even better prognostic indicator of peripheral vascular disease than is measurement of the systolic blood pressure at the feet.
 ...
PMID:[Doppler ultrasound determination of maximal blood flow velocity in the diagnosis of peripheral arterial occlusive diseases in diabetes mellitus]. 295 48

Balloon angioplasty and bypass graft surgery are common procedures for treating vascular occlusive disease. The purpose of this preliminary investigation was to evaluate the effectiveness and the safety of a new catheter system, first introduced by KR Kensey. The system involves a flexible catheter with a high speed rotating tip, driven by an electrical motor. The tip is cooled by a continuous flow of sterile saline containing dextran 40, heparin and urokinase. Radiopaque contrast medium may be infused through the catheter to allow the device to be guided and to detect lesions and to evaluate the efficacy of treatment. The system was applied in three patients with occlusive vascular disease (Stage IIb) and segmental or total occlusion of the superficial femoral artery (SFA). The milling catheter was introduced percutaneously into the common femoral artery and guided to the area of occlusion under DSA control. In two patients total recanalisation was achieved after passage of the milling catheter. In one patient the totally occluded SFA could not be cannulated and a femoro-popliteal bypass was performed one week later. Complications such as perforation of the vessel or peripheral embolisation were not observed. Pedal pulses were improved significantly in one patient. Further investigations will be necessary to demonstrate whether the milling catheter can be safely used to revascularise patients with limb threatening peripheral vascular disease.
 ...
PMID:Dynamic angioplasty--a milling catheter for transcutaneous and intraoperative treatment of vascular occlusive disease. 297 85

In non-obese, non-diabetic patients suffering acute myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, previous myocardial infarction and peripheral vascular disease, the plasma levels of glucose, insulin, C-peptide and glucagon were determined in basal condition and during an intravenous glucose tolerance test. In the four groups there was a high frequency of glucose intolerance. Basal hyperinsulinism was present in all groups; in groups; in those which maintained normal glucose tolerance there was a high B-cell response to the sugar. Basal hyperglucagonemia was found in the early stage of acute ischemic heart disease, in patients with previous myocardial infarction and in those with peripheral vascular disease. The elevated plasma glucagon levels may play a role in the complex disturbance of carbohydrate metabolism present in patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease.
 ...
PMID:Carbohydrate metabolism and plasma levels of insulin and glucagon in patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease. 304 64

Patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus who develop proteinuria may die prematurely, whereas those who do not develop this complication have a comparatively normal life span. The excess mortality in diabetics with proteinuria is from cardiovascular as well as renal disease, but the reason is unclear. Risk factors for vascular disease were therefore assessed in 22 insulin dependent diabetics with proteinuria, but not renal failure, who were matched for sex, age, duration of diabetes, and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1) values with a similar number who had normal urinary albumin excretion rates. Macrovascular disease (ischaemic heart disease and peripheral vascular disease) was present in 10 patients with proteinuria but in only three with normal albumin excretion rates, and proliferative retinopathy was detected in 11 and four patients in the two groups. There was no significant excess of smokers in the group with proteinuria. Blood pressure was, however, higher in the patients with proteinuria--mean systolic pressure 161 (SD 18) mm Hg compared with 135 (19) mm Hg (95% confidence interval of difference between means 15 to 38 mm Hg); mean diastolic pressure 90 (SD 12) mm Hg compared with 79 (15) mm Hg (confidence interval 3 to 19 mm Hg). The concentration of serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol isolated by precipitation was lower in the patients with proteinuria (confidence interval 0.02 to 0.41 mmol/l). Their concentration of HDL2 cholesterol isolated by ultracentrifugation was also decreased (confidence interval 0.02 to 0.40 mmol/l), whereas HDL3 cholesterol tended to be increased (confidence interval -0.01 to 0.23 mmol/l). There was also a trend for serum cholesterol concentrations to be higher in the presence of proteinuria (confidence interval -0.39 to 1.20 mmol/l). The aggregation of risk factors for atherosclerosis in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus complicated by proteinuria helps to explain the increased prevalence of ischaemic heart disease and peripheral vascular disease reported in these patients. Early renal disease in insulin dependent diabetes may have an important role in hypertension and altered lipoprotein metabolism.
 ...
PMID:Influence of proteinuria on vascular disease, blood pressure, and lipoproteins in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. 311 68

Measurements of skin blood flow have been made in a group of 34 patients presenting with symptoms of peripheral vascular disease. Of the patients, 18 were non-diabetic and the remainder diabetic. Measurements of blood flow were made using the transient thermal clearance method, and of systolic blood pressure in the dorsalis pedis artery using a CW ultrasonic Doppler blood velocimeter and an occluding cuff. There was no difference in pressure index between the two groups. Neither a linear pressure/flow relationship nor the presence of autoregulation was demonstrated. The derivation of specific vascular resistance (SVR) for the two groups shows that in the diabetic it was 7.07 +/- 2.2, while in the non-diabetic it was 11.12 +/- 3.9. The difference is significant (P less than 0.005) and suggests that measurement of SVR may be useful in the differential diagnosis of vascular disease.
 ...
PMID:Assessment of regional blood flow and specific microvascular resistance in the foot by means of the transient thermal clearance method. 323 89

The value of health screening among the general population has been well-documented, with testing for hypertension, diabetes, and glaucoma now commonplace. It was the purpose of our study to determine the efficacy of a screening program for peripheral vascular disease and carotid artery disease using the noninvasive laboratory diagnostic tools. In the screening for peripheral disease, there were 496 participants with a mean age of 35 (range 17 to 63) years. All participants had an ankle:brachial index (ABI) of 0.95 or greater except one (0.47). Risk factors included smoking (350), history of cardiac disease (19), family history of vascular disease (204), and pain in the legs on walking (39). The risk factors could not be correlated with any objective vascular findings (abnormal ABIs). A Doppler ultrasound device, including an inflatable ankle cuff, was used to measure the ABI of the dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial vessels. Testing was performed on a volunteer basis after the participant completed a check-off sheet of risk factors. In screening for carotid artery disease 1338 women, whose average age was 31 years, had an less than 1% incidence of cardiac disease, and 803 men, whose average age was 40 years, had a 4% incidence. Less than 1% of the group had diabetes mellitus. All patients were asymptomatic referable to the extra-cranial vascular system. Two men of the 2141 persons tested had a lesion meriting further evaluation. The role of Health Fairs may be more effective as an educational resource than a diagnostic interventional tool.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Is screening for vascular disease a valuable proposition? 328 41

Buflomedil hydrochloride is a vasoactive drug with a variety of pharmacodynamic properties. Importantly, it seems to improve nutritional blood flow in ischaemic tissue of patients with peripheral and/or cerebral vascular disease by a combination of pharmacological effects: inhibition of alpha-adrenoceptors, inhibition of platelet aggregation, improved erythrocyte deformability, nonspecific and weak calcium antagonistic effects, and oxygen sparing activity. Therapeutic trials with buflomedil in patients with peripheral vascular diseases have shown that it increases walking distances in those with intermittent claudication and heals trophic lesions and reduces rest pain in many patients with more severe vasculopathies. In open clinical trials a good to very good clinical response was achieved in 57 to 87% of those treated. In comparative studies buflomedil 600 mg/day orally was shown to be significantly superior to placebo and comparable in efficacy to pentoxifylline (oxpentifylline) and naftidrofuryl. In patients with symptoms presumed to be due to cerebrovascular insufficiencies and elderly patients with senile dementia, buflomedil 450 to 600 mg/day alleviated symptoms associated with impairment of cognitive and psychometric function and was significantly superior to placebo and slightly more effective than drugs such as cinnarizine, flunarizine and co-dergocrine mesylate. Overall, buflomedil at dosages of up to 600 mg/day has been very well tolerated and discontinuation of therapy has rarely been necessary. Thus, buflomedil would seem to be a useful adjunct to conservative treatment in patients with mild-to-moderate peripheral vascular disease and/or cerebrovascular insufficiency, and well worth a try in patients with more severe peripheral disease unable to undergo surgery. However, a few well-designed long term studies are needed to fully define its overall place in therapy.
 ...
PMID:Buflomedil. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic efficacy in peripheral and cerebral vascular diseases. 329 20

The purpose of this clinical report is to describe the healing times of plantar ulcers treated by total contact casting (TCC) in nondiabetic and diabetic patients with and without evidence of severe peripheral vascular disease. Thirty patients with 33 chronic plantar ulcers were treated by applying total contact walking casts. Results demonstrate that 27 of 33 ulcers (81.8%) healed in an average time of 43.6 days. Healing times of patients with severe peripheral vascular disease secondary to diabetes mellitus are similar to those of patients without evidence of vascular disease. These results indicate that TCC is an effective and rapid treatment for chronic plantar ulcers in patients with or without vascular compromise secondary to diabetes mellitus. In addition, the results suggest that pressure reduction on the insensitive foot should be considered in treatment.
 ...
PMID:Diabetic plantar ulcers treated by total contact casting. A clinical report. 331 52

We surveyed adults with diabetes mellitus and adults without diabetes living in the Mohawk community of Kahnawake, PQ, for clinical characteristics related to vascular disease. People with diabetes were selected from a clinical register; nondiabetic subjects were randomly selected from a community register, with matching for age and sex. The response rates among the two groups were 62% and 39% respectively; groups of 82 and 94 people were obtained. Data were collected by chart review, interview and body measurement. The prevalence rate of ischemic heart disease was 48% for the subjects with diabetes and 22% for those without diabetes. The adjusted odds ratio for development of ischemic heart disease in a person with diabetes was 3.56, for development of cerebrovascular disease 4.57 and for development of peripheral vascular disease 5.51. Logistic regression for macrovascular disease showed that age, sex, smoking, hypertension and obesity could not explain the high rates of complications in the subjects with diabetes. The prevalence rates of ischemic heart disease in adults with and without diabetes are the highest reported in a North American Indian population.
 ...
PMID:Prevalence of diabetic and atherosclerotic complications among Mohawk Indians of Kahnawake, PQ. 339 36

The relationship between erythrocyte nucleotide profiles and the presence of atherosclerotic peripheral occlusive vascular disease was investigated. In elderly male patients with severe vascular insufficiency the mean red cell content of NAD, GDP, GTP, AMP, ADP and ATP and the cellular adenylate energy charge were not significantly different from those observed in young healthy males. It has been claimed that drugs such as oxpentifylline improve peripheral tissue oxygenation in vascular disease by reversing the fall in red cell ATP content which has been reported to accompany vascular insufficiency resulting in a restoration of normal cell deformability and hence whole blood viscosity. We have carried out in vitro studies using erythrocytes from normal adults to assess the effect of oxpentifylline on erythrocyte ATP content and glycolytic rate. The drug failed to significantly affect the rates of glucose consumption and lactate production or the ATP content of the erythrocytes compared with controls. Furthermore the drug did not influence the rate of ATP utilisation by erythrocytes. We conclude that red cell ATP and total adenylate content is not different from normal in patients with peripheral vascular disease. If oxpentifylline alters red cell deformability it does so by some mechanism not related to the cellular ATP concentration, the cellular adenylate energy charge or the glycolytic rate.
 ...
PMID:Adenine nucleotides in erythrocytes from patients with peripheral vascular disease and the effects of oxpentifylline. 350 68


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>