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Query: UMLS:C0042373 (vascular disease)
 17,070 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Circulating platelet aggregates formed in vivo were serially measured, and platelet-aggregation thresholds were determined in vitro in 82 patients with acute cerebral ischaemia. The percentage of aggregated platelets was increased in 53 patients with completed stroke (30.9% +/- 2.0) and in 29 patients with transient ischaemic attacks (34.1% +/- 2.3), all studied within 10 days of the acute event. These values were higher (P less than 0.001) than levels of aggregated platelets in 30 patients with non-vascular neurological disease (16.8% +/- 2.3). The percentage of aggregated platelets returned to normal 10 days to 6 wk after acute cerebral ischaemia. Aspirin and dipyridamole did not affect either the increase in or subsequent normalisation of circulating-platelet-aggregate levels in these patients. Platelet-aggregation sensitivity to adenosine diphosphate and adrenaline was also increased in patients with acute cerebral ischaemia, but this abnormally resolved during convalescence. Platelet activation is abnormal in acute cerebral ischaemia but usually returns to normal with or without anti-platelet therapy. This activation of platelets may contribute to the clinical manifestations of occlusive vascular disease.
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PMID:Platelet activation in acute cerebral ischaemia. Serial measurements of platelet function in cerebrovascular disease. 6 34

Intracorporeal administration of papaverine hydrochloride is frequently used in the diagnosis and treatment of impotence. Priapism is the most serious potential complication of its use. The historical characteristics of 400 consecutive men receiving a standardized dose of papaverine were reviewed in an effort to determine the risk factors for prolonged erections. Younger men (p less than 0.0001) with better baseline erectile function (p less than 0.023) were more likely to have priapism. Despite use of a significantly lower dose, patients with overt neurological disease also had an increased rate of priapism. Patients with a history of coronary artery disease had a significantly lower risk of priapism (p less than 0.05). Patients with a final diagnosis of either psychogenic or neurogenic impotence had a much greater risk of priapism than those with vasculogenic impotence (p less than 0.001). The initial dosage in pharmacological erection therapy may be adjusted according to these risk factors. However, not all patients with psychogenic or neurogenic impotence had priapism and some patients with vascular disease did have priapism. Therefore, all impotent patients are potentially at risk for pharmacologically induced priapism.
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PMID:Risk factors for papaverine-induced priapism. 156 68

Early onset vascular disease unexplained until today by usual risk factors (hyperlipidemia, hypertension, tobacco, stress), can now find an explanation in sulfur amino acid metabolism defect. By transsulfuration, alimentary methionine leads to homocysteine, which is itself turn into cysteine, or remethylated into methionine. Several abnormalities of these different pathways lead to plasma accumulation of homocysteine, which will be responsible of arterial or venous occlusive lesions, concerning peripheral or deep vessels. Homocysteine stays in plasma upon several forms: 75% being linked by disulfide bounds to proteins, 22% as disulfide, homocystine (homocysteine-homocysteine) or mixed-disulfide (homocysteine-cysteine), and less than 3% as free reduced homocysteine. Plasma reduction allows total homocysteine evaluation with amino acid autoanalyzer. The basal plasma homocysteine level is less than 14 microMl. However, levels near this basal value can be found in patients with latent abnormality, which needs to be revealed by a methionine loading test. This study concerns two methodologies and their application to the exploration of a patient with unidentified neurologic disorders. The first one describes a new galenic oral form of methionine. Other authors use the methionine load of 100 mg/kg dissolving it in a fruit juice glass. In order to obtain a complete dissolution of this weakly soluble substance and to ensure its total absorbtion by the patient, we prepare a granular form aimed to give in water a perfect flavoured suspension. The second methodology concerns methionine loading test and amino acid analysis. After 10 hours fasting, a 100 mg/kg peroral methionine load is realized performing 5 EDTA blood samples before and 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours after loading.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[The homocysteinemia vascular risk factor. Methodologies and application to a clinical case]. 179 72

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a common disease--studies throughout the world broadly agree on a prevalence of 1 in 1000 women. Recently an important clinical advance has come from the description of a syndrome of recurrent thrombosis, recurrent abortion and neurological disease associated with antiphospholipid antibodies. The discovery that immunological mechanisms may apply in some cases of thrombosis has led to new insights into the aetiology and treatment of vascular disease in general.
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PMID:Systemic lupus erythematosus. 307 84

The results of investigations in 50 impotent patients with neurological disease are presented. Using intracorporeal papaverine, Doppler duplex scanning, cardiovascular reflex testing and skin thermal threshold monitoring, the vascular and neurological components were assessed in each of three clinical groups with probable or overt neuropathy. These comprised spinal injury, diabetes and pelvic trauma. Anatomical detail of the penis was well seen using these techniques. In 15 patients with spinal injuries, although the aetiology was predominantly neurological, six exhibited poor flow in the deep penile arteries following injection of papaverine. This was associated with poor erections in these patients, suggesting a vascular pathology. In 27 patients with diabetes the results showed a mixed pattern. Vascular disease was almost universal, combined with varying degrees of autonomic and peripheral neuropathy, and only three had full erections with papaverine. Those with pelvic trauma (8 patients) also had a mixed picture, although some had good erections following papaverine injection. Duplex Doppler scanning of the deep penile arteries correlated with the quality of papaverine-induced erection. Thermal testing was a highly sensitive indicator of small nerve fibre dysfunction, possibly at an earlier stage than standard autonomic testing. A vascular component to impotence was shown to be common in those with neurological impairment, and may alter management.
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PMID:Results of investigation of impotence in patients with overt or probable neuropathy. 342 44

Using the sulfated alcian blue and alcian blue-MgCl2 techniques for demonstrating sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), we have shown sulfated GAGs to be associated with the amyloidotic lesions of Alzheimer's disease, the neuritic plaques, the neurofibrillary tangle, and the congophilic angiopathy. To determine how specific these findings are to Alzheimer's disease, other neurologic disorders with neurofibrillary tangles and filamentous inclusions were examined. These included progressive supranuclear palsy, Pick's disease, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, and postencephalitic parkinsonism. Sulfated GAGs were not demonstrated in the neurofibrillary tangles or filamentous structures in any of these disorders. The relationship of GAGs to the pathology of Alzheimer's disease is discussed as is their possible importance in determining the characteristic morphology of the amyloidotic lesion.
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PMID:Sulfated glycosaminoglycans in Alzheimer's disease. 357 Feb 82

The authors present their 4-year experience with 18 patients who had deep brain stimulation. Most were referred because of chronic pain of varied etiology. All conventional modalities of management had failed. Both the paraventricular gray matter and the sensory thalamus were target sites. The 18 patients underwent a total of 21 implants. Follow-up ranged from 6 months to 4 years with moderate relief of prestimulation pain in 14 patients (77%). Patients with failed back syndrome secondary to multiple disc operations fared well. Patients with pain secondary to progressive neurologic disorders or cancer had only short-lived benefits, while those with pain from cauda equina injury or vascular disease had a poor result. Deep brain stimulation appears to be an effective means of controlling chronic pain in selected cases.
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PMID:Deep brain stimulation for alleviating chronic intractable pain. 387 56

Neurological disorders associated with oral contraceptives (OCs) are discussed. 3 patients suffered headaches and developed dramatic symptoms of cerebral deficit which lasted for hours or a few days followed by complete or nearly complete recovery when OC treatment was stopped. 7 other patients are described, including 1 who suffered clear-cut hypertensive vascular disease without evidence of renal or cardiac disease and 1 with cortical thrombophlebitis. Most patients had been taking OCs for 2 or more years, although 1 had taken them for only 5 months. The neurological complications were documented and predictive criteria for identifying women who are likely to develop such difficulties, who require dose observation, and from whom OCs should be withdrawn are provided.
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PMID:Neurological disorders associated with oral contraceptives. 562 Jun 10

After a short explanation of the NMR imaging technique the normal appearances of the brain are described. Subsequently the paper deals with the NMR images of vascular disease, white matter disease, tumors of the brain and paediatric neurological disease. The conclusion is that NMR has advantages over CT of the brain in certain fields, but that exploration of its full potential has hardly yet begun.
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PMID:Clinical NMR imaging of the brain and cord. 655 24

The unstable trinucleotide repeat continues to turn up as the genetic defect in several inherited neurologic disorders. With dementia, certain clinical events are more common in vascular disease than in Alzheimer's disease. An ongoing controversy, and often a legal issue, is the role of trauma in either causing or exacerbating multiple sclerosis.
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PMID:Neurology. 818 52


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