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Query: UMLS:C0042373 (vascular disease)
 17,070 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Penile tissue consisting of corps cavernosum (cc) and tunica albuginea (TA) was obtained from 35 impotent patients undergoing surgery for implantation of penile prostheses and was examined for nor adrenaline content. 10 patients were classified as a non diabetic non neuropathic group, on the basis of their clinical history and differential diagnostic symptoms which included Peyronie's disease, vascular disease, hypertension and psychogenic impotence. The nor adrenaline content was found to be significantly lower in tunica albuginea than the corpus cavernosum (P<0.02) in this group. The nor adrenaline content of corpus cavernosum from insulin dependent (IDDM) and non insulin dependent (NIDDM) diabetic neuropathic patients was also found to be significantly lower (P <0.02) than that of non diabetic non neuropathic patients. The nor adrenaline content of tunica albuginea however, was similar in both groups. A non significant association in the content of nor adrenaline in corpus cavernosum and tunica albuginea among IDDM and NIDDM diabetic neuropathics was also observed. These results provide evidence that an underlying neuropathic factor itself causes vascular as well as metabolic changes in the adrenergic nerves of the penis in diabetics due to neuropathy in addition to the effect of the disease and thus may contribute to the development of impotence in these patients irrespective of their type of diabetes.
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PMID:Estimation of nor-adrenaline content of human penile tissue in diabeticmen with/without neuropathy. 1641 54

Cardiovascular disease and impotence have the same risk factor and physiopathology. Erectile dysfunction is a predictive factor of atherosclerotic vascular disease. The correction of lifestyle factors can sometimes improve erectile function and prevent future myocardial infarct and stroke.
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PMID:[Erectile dysfunction: physical exercise, losing weight, stop smoking, reducing alcohol, relaxing, it could also work!]. 1818 11

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may be associated with myriad clinical consequences such as increased risk of systemic hypertension, coronary vascular disease, congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, glucose intolerance, impotence, obesity, pulmonary hypertension, gastroesophageal reflux, and impaired concentration. Nonetheless, OSA remains undiagnosed in 82% of men and 93% of women with the condition. Early identification and treatment of OSA provides significant relief for individuals, prevents complications of OSA, and reduces overall health care costs. Better understanding of the pathogenesis, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment of OSA has the potential to improve early recognition of OSA and prevention of adverse effects on the individual and society.
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PMID:Snoring and obstructive sleep apnea. 2073 12

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is defined as the persistent inability to reach or maintain penile rigidity enough for sexual satisfaction. Nearly 30% of the men between ages 40 and 70 years are affected by ED. A variety of pathologies, including neurological, psychological, or endocrine disorders and drug side effects, may incite ED. A commonly identified cause of ED is vascular disease. Initial diagnostic workup includes a detailed physical examination and laboratory tests. Whilst duplex ultrasound is considered the first-line diagnostic modality, intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography is still considered the "gold standard" for the diagnosis of arteriogenic impotence. Percutaneous endovascular treatment may be offered in patients with vasculogenic ED that has failed to respond to oral medical therapy as an alternative to penile prosthesis or open surgical repair. In arteriogenic ED balloon angioplasty of the aorto-iliac axis, and in veno-occlusive ED, percutaneous venous ablation using various embolization materials has been reported to be safe and to improve sexual performance. Recently, the ZEN study investigated the safety and feasibility of drug-eluting stents for the treatment of arteriogenic ED attributed to internal pudendal artery stenosis with promising preliminary results. This manuscript highlights the role of interventional radiology in the diagnosis and minimally invasive treatment of male impotence.
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PMID:The role of interventional radiology in the diagnosis and management of male impotence. 2318 57

Among men treated with prostatectomy or radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer, the state of an increasing prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level is known as biochemical recurrence (BCR). BCR can be predictive of the development of subsequent distant metastases and ultimately death, but BCR often predates other signs of clinical progression by several years. Although patients may be concerned about their rising PSA levels, physicians attempting to address patient anxiety must inform them that BCR is not typically associated with imminent death from disease, and that the natural history of biochemical progression may be prolonged. Misinterpretation of the significance of early changes in PSA may cause patients to receive androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) prematurely, especially in settings where the disease is unlikely to impact survival. In addition, knowledge of the morbidities associated with ADT (hot flashes, impotence, sarcopenia, metabolic syndrome, bone loss, and increased risk of vascular disease) has accelerated the search for alternative treatment options for these patients. Clinical trials investigating when and how to best use and supplement hormonal therapies in this patient population are under way, as are trials of novel nonhormonal targeted agents, immunotherapies, natural products, and other pharmaceuticals that have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for other indications. This review will summarize the acceptable standards of care for the management of biochemically recurrent prostate cancer, and will also outline some novel experimental approaches for the treatment of this disease state.
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PMID:Management of biochemically recurrent prostate cancer after local therapy: evolving standards of care and new directions. 2341 59

The corpus cavernosum of the penis is one of the few vascular beds in which there is a change in oxygen tension with function (blood PO2 25-40mm Hg in the flaccid state, and 90-100mm Hg in the erect state). This change in oxygen tension exposes the components of the corpus cavernosum to a variety of cytokines, humoral, vasoactive, and growth factors which may affect the structure and function of the endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, neurons and extracellular matrix. Among these cell types, endothelial cells are the first line of defense to blood-borne stress and can affect the underlying smooth muscle via paracrine mechanisms. Impotence is defined as the inability to obtain or sustain an erection sufficient for vaginal penetration and can result from a variety of pathological conditions, vascular disease, endocrine disease, neurological disease, and psychogenic disorders. The penis is a vascular organ and as such is susceptible to the effects of vascular diseases. This review will discuss the basic etiology of erection and vasculogenic erectile dysfunction and explore the role oxygen tension in regulating various cellular and humoral factors as well as trabecular structure and function.
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PMID:The Role of Oxygen Tension in Penile Erection and Its Relationship to Erectile Dysfunction. 2986 76


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