Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042373 (vascular disease)
 17,070 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Blood flow disturbances in the gastrointestinal tract can lead to serious illness. They can be acute or chronic, their cause may be arterial or venous occlusion or hypotonia. Lesions of the gastrointestinal tract caused by ischemia depend on localisation, acuteness and degree of the blood flow disturbance. They may reach from focal and segmental ischemic lesions to extensive necroses of the entire intestinal tubes. The most serious ischemic disease is the embolic and thrombotic occlusion of the arteria mesenterica superior due to previous arterosclerotic damage. Infarction of a large part of the intestines and peritonitis can be the consequence. These patients' only chance of survival is early diagnosis--as a rule exclusively via angiography--and immediate surgery. Chronic occlusion of the arteria mesenterica superior leads to angina abdominalis which mainly occurs after food intake and can last for hours. The reason may also be a general arteriosclerosis. Men are affected more frequently and at a younger age than women. As a consequence of lowered intestinal blood flow these patients suffer from malabsorption and heavy weight loss. Conservative therapy is not effective. These patients, too, will have to be treated surgically after previous angiography. Vascular disease with decreased blood flow as its consequence can be found in a number of inflammatory diseases, in malign hypertensian, in collagen disease and in other more rare diseases as pseudoxanthoma elasticum or Ehlers-Danlos-syndrome. In the case of ischemic colitis arterial and more rarely venous occlusions cause decreased blood flow in the big bowel. A frequent consequence is colitis in the left colon which is characterized by acuteness, pain in the left side of the abdomen and by heavy rectal bleeding. Diagnosis is established by means of endoscopy, barium enema and angiography. Primarily therapy of ischemic colitis is of the conservative type. In severe cases with gangrene and peritonitis the colon has to be resected.
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PMID:[Disorders of the blood circulation in the gastrointestinal tract]. 32 26

A 28-year-old man developed gangrene of a foot leading to a below-the-knee amputation. Although initially diagnosed as atherosclerotic vascular disease, clinical and laboratory findings of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) developed over the next 18 months. Histologic review of popliteal and femoral artery specimens showed acute and chronic changes consistent with the vasculitis of SLE. Subsequent treatment with prednisone controlled the vasculitis as well as the other clinical manifestations of SLE. The diagnosis of SLE should be considered in patients with large vessel peripheral vascular disease who lack the typical findings of the more common predisposing causes.
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PMID:Gangrene of a foot secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus with large vessel vasculitis. 52 2

One hundred and thirty-two newly diagnosed Asian diabetic patients (39 Malay, 30 Chinese and 63 Indians) have been studied in Kuala Lumpur. The highest proportion of diabetic patients were Indian and the lowest were Chinese. Vascular complications were equally common in Asian diabetic patients as in Europeans; coronary heart disease was relatively more common in Indians and cerebral vascular disease in Chinese. Twenty percent of all Asian diabetic patients requiring admission to hospital also had coronary heart disease, 9% had cerebral vascular disease and 8% had gangrene or ulceration of the feet. In Kuala Lumpur, diabetes is a very important risk factor for coronary heart disease: 17% of all patients admitted to the General Hospital with coronary heart disease were already diabetic.
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PMID:Diabetes and its vascular complications in Malaysia. 74 78

In a limited area on the southwest coast of Taiwan, where artesian well water with a high concentration of arsenic has been used for more than 60 years, a high prevalence of chronic arsenicism has been observed in recent years. The total population of this "endemic" area is approximately 100,000. A general survey of 40,421 inhabitants and follow-up of 1,108 patients with blackfoot disease were made. Blackfoot disease, so-termed locally, is a peripheral vascular disorder resulting in gangrene of the extremities, especially the feet. The overall prevalence rates for skin cancer was 10.6 per 1000, and for blackfoot disease 8.9 per 1000. Generally speaking, the prevalence increased steadily with age in both diseases. The prevalence rates for skin cancer and blackfoot disease increased with the arsenic content of well water, i.e., the higher the arsenic content, the more patients with skin cancer and blackfoot disease. A dose-response relationship between blackfoot disease and the duration of water intake was also noted. Furthermore, the degree of permanent impairment of function in the patient was directly related to duration of intake of arsenical water and to duration of such intake at the time of onset. The most common cause of death in the patients with skin cancer and blackfoot disease was carcinoma of various sites. The 5-year survival rate after the onset of blackfoot disease was 76.3%; the 10-year survival rate was 63.3% and 15-year survival rate, 52.2%. The 50% survival point was 16 years after onset of the disease.
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PMID:Effects and dose--response relationships of skin cancer and blackfoot disease with arsenic. 90 85

A case of nonocclusive mesenteric vascular disease consequential to a low cardiac output syndrome in a patient with a temporary pacemaker is reported. Preexisting occlusion of the inferior mesenteric artery resulted in a total gangrene of small and large bowel. Experimental findings suggest that this occlusion could have resulted in a compensatory increase of blood flow in the superior mesenteric artery. The possibility is discussed that the preexisting necessary increase of superior mesenteric blood flow could be followed by equally increased sensitivity of regional organic systems in non-occlusive mesenteric vascular disease.
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PMID:[Nonocclusive mesenteric vascular disease following atrio-ventricular block and pacemaker treatment. Gangrene of small and large bowel with occlusion of inferieor mesenteric artery (author's transl)]. 108 66

Sixty-one patients had lumbar sympathectomies performed for end stage occlusive vascular disease manifested by gangrene of less than one-half of the foot, ulcerating ischemic lesions, rest pain or rapidly progressive markedly limiting intermittent claudication. The operative procedure was standardized to permit removal of the lowermost preganglionic fiber at the level of the crus of the diaphragm and the ganglionated chain to the crossing of the iliac vessels. The immediate postoperative mortality was 6.5% from cardiac causes. Over all improvement rate was 60% while early amputation rate was 40% for the entire group. Those patients with rest pain had the poorest prognosis with an amputation rate of 53%. The results are compared to other groups and factors of patient selection, anatomy of the sympathetic chain in relation to operative technique, physiology of decentralization versus devervation are discussed. The procedure is worthwhile in patients who are not candidates for arterial reconstruction who are faced with the prospect of early amputation.
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PMID:Lumbar sympathectomy in end stage arterial occlusive disease. 124 13

Chronic arterial occlusive disease of the lower limb may complicate fracture treatment. In five cases, diagnosis of vascular disease was established when delayed fracture healing or skin gangrene occurred some weeks after operative fracture treatment. The diagnosis of vascular disease was made from the case history, examination of the patient and repeated pulse control at the feet. Arterial insufficiency will be worsened by long-term elevation of the leg and by fracture treatment with a cast or traction. Angiography is indicated, and quick vascular reconstruction is recommended. In one patient with known iliac occlusion (Leriche syndrome) we performed simultaneous vascular reconstruction and operative fracture treatment.
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PMID:[Arterial occlusive disease after surgical treatment of fractures of the lower extremity]. 143 66

Cholesterol microemboli are caused by cholesterol crystals released from arteriosclerotic plaques in the major arteries. The clinical picture is illustrated by two case histories with symptoms in the form of myalgia, livedo reticularis and gangrene. The diagnoses were verified by demonstration of cholesterol crystals in the affected tissue. The pathogenesis is illustrated and, on the basis of the literature, it is emphasized that cholesterol microemboli are probably often overlooked clinically and that an increasing incidence must be anticipated on account of the increasing frequency of invasive procedures and treatments of arteriosclerotic vascular disease.
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PMID:[Cholesterol microemboli]. 155 64

41 knee disarticulations in patients with gangrene due to periphere vascular disease were performed using a myocutaneous flap of the gastrocnemius muscle as described by Klaes and Eigler in 1985. In many cases disarticulation was preceeded by reconstructive vascular procedures or amputation at a lower level. Primary healing of the stump was achieved in 80% of the cases. 29% of the patients were able to walk with the aid of a prosthesis.
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PMID:[Transgenicular amputation with myocutaneous gastrocnemius flap in arterial occlusive disease]. 159 31

Osteomyelitis of the foot is a well-known complication of diabetes mellitus. In this study, the validity of 111In-labeled human nonspecific immunoglobulin G (IgG) scintigraphy was studied in 16 diabetic patients with foot ulcers, gangrene or painful Charcot joints. In all patients, plain radiographs, conventional bone scan images and 111In-IgG images were recorded. The results were verified by histologic examination of surgical specimens in patients who did not respond to antibiotic treatment within 2-3 wk (10 lesions) or long-term clinical follow-up of at least 6-mo (16 lesions). On the bone scans, all seven osteomyelitic foci were detected. However, 19 additional foci not due to osteomyelitis were seen. The absence of true-negative bone scans in this study resulted in a specificity of 0%. On the plain radiographs, four of seven osteomyelitis foci were detected; for 111In-IgG scintigraphy, six of seven (sensitivity 57% and 86%, respectively). Plain radiographs correctly ruled out osteomyelitis in 15 of 19 lesions, 111In-IgG scintigraphy in 16 of 19 (specificity 79% and 84%, respectively). All imaging procedures gave false-positive results in penetrating ulcers over the calcaneus in two patients and in one patient with a Charcot joint, most likely due to recent fractures. A false-negative 111In-IgG study was observed in a patient with severe arterial angiopathy. Accurate estimation of probable osteomyelitis was not possible from the results of soft-tissue cultures, since in only 6 of 12 positive cultures, osteomyelitic foci could be proven. Indium-111-IgG scintigraphy can contribute to adequate evaluation of osteomyelitis in diabetic foot complications because it improves specificity when compared to bone scan and radiographic findings and improves sensitivity in comparison to plain radiographs.
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PMID:Evaluation of infectious diabetic foot complications with indium-111-labeled human nonspecific immunoglobulin G. 161 74


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