Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The efficacy and safety of a new non-sedating antihistamine, loratadine (Clarityn, CAS 79794-75-5) 10 mg q.d., was compared to the classical antihistamine, hydroxyzine 25 mg t.i.d. and placebo in a 4-week (optional 12 week) randomized, double-blind, multi-center study in 203 patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria. Efficacy evaluations included weekly physician and patient assessments of pruritus, overall disease condition, and therapeutic response to treatment. Loratadine and hydroxyzine were significantly more effective than placebo and clinically comparable to each other as measured by all efficacy evaluations at each visit. Loratadine was safe and well tolerated with sedation and dry mouth similar to placebo and significantly less than hydroxyzine.
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PMID:Relative efficacy and safety of loratadine, hydroxyzine, and placebo in chronic idiopathic urticaria. 144 78

Dimetindene maleate (DMM, Fenistil, CAS 3614-69-5) a specific H1-receptor antagonist, is therapeutically used for the treatment of respiratory allergies, urticaria, itching dermatoses and generally pruritic sensations occurring with various diseases. As it exhibits local anaesthetic activity in the rabbit cornea and the local anaesthetic activity of a couple of H1-antagonists was found to be linearly correlated to the H1-potency represented by the pA2-values--and dimethindene maleate demonstrates a high pA2-value--it seemed worth investigating the local anaesthetic potency in man making use of an objective and well validated pain model, the Laser algesimetry. The study was carried out with 24 healthy volunteers in a double-blind placebo- and reference-controlled, randomized, cross-over design. Three different medications were applied with occlusive dressing: DMM, lidocaine, and placebo. Selective thermo-noxious stimulation of A-delta- and C-fibers was induced by a CO2-laser. Somato-sensory evoked vertex potentials (SEPs) were simultaneously recorded. Both verum treatments showed a remarkable analgesic potency compared to placebo. Effects were preferably concentrated on the peripheral N1-component of the SEPs. The overall means of the N1-amplitudes were suppressed compared to placebo by both active drugs, with the effects being more pronounced for DMM.
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PMID:Evaluation of the local anaesthetic activity of dimetindene maleate by means of laser algesimetry in healthy volunteers. 149 45

Oxatomide (CAS 60607-34-3, KW-4354) is an effective antiallergic agent for allergic rhinitis, urticaria, pruritus cutaneous, and eczema/dermatitis, etc. Terfenadine (CAS 50679-08-8) and astemizole (CAS 68844-77-9), antiallergic agents, have been reported to induce QT prolongation leading to serious ventricular arrhythmia (torsades de pointes) as cardiovascular adverse effects. The present study was carried out to determine whether oxatomide and terfenadine have effects on QT interval as a single drug or in combination with itraconazole (CAS 84625-61-6), an antifungal agent with a CYP3A4 inhibitory effect, in conscious dogs. Terfenadine alone induced QT prolongation at the dose of 30 mg/kg p.o. When itraconazole was administered at the dose of 100 mg/kg p.o. 1 h before terfenadine administration, terfenadine induced QT prolongation at the dose of 10 mg/kg p.o. On the other hand, oxatomide did not induce QT prolongation either as a single agent at the dose of 30 mg/kg p.o. or in combination with itraconazole at the dose of 10 mg/kg p.o. The results present no evidence that oxatomide has the potential to provoke ventricular arrhythmia.
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PMID:Effect of oxatomide, an antiallergic agent, on QT interval in dogs. 1179 44

Oxatomide (CAS 60607-34-3) is an antiallergic agent effective against allergic rhinitis, urticaria, pruritus dermatitis, eczema dermatitis and bronchial asthma. The aim of this study was to establish the method for simultaneously determining oxatomide and its major metabolite M-11 in human serum, human plasma and rat plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The method was applied to study the influences of alimentation on pharmacokinetics of oxatomide in rats. After extracting oxatomide and its metabolite M-11 from human serum, human plasma or rat plasma with diethyl ether under alkaline condition, sulfuric acid was added to the organic layer and oxatomide and M-11 were back-extracted. The aqueous layers were analysed by HPLC equipped with a fluorimetric detector. The method was highly sensitive and precise for quantitation of oxatomide and M-11 in human serum, human plasma and rat plasma in the concentration range of 1 to 125 ng/ml. Plasma concentration of oxatomide decreased biphasically with an elimination half-life (T1/2) of 1.59 h after intravenous administration of oxatomide (1 mg/kg) to non-fasting male rats. After oral administration of oxatomide (30 mg/kg) to fasting male rats, plasma concentration of oxatomide increased rapidly, and reached the maximum concentration of 188 ng/ml (Cmax) at 1.0 h. Plasma concentration of oxatomide decreased monophasically. The T1/2 was 2.58 h. The bioavailability was 6.74%. Plasma concentration of M-11 increased rapidly, and reached Cmax of 64.3 ng/ml at 0.7 h, and decreased monophasically with T1/2 of 3.79 h. After oral administration of oxatomide to non-fasting male rats, plasma concentration of oxatomide reached Cmax of 378 ng/ml at 3.3 h. The T1/2 was 3.27 h and the bioavailability was 17.5%. The Cmax and AUC0-infinity of M-11 were larger than those after oral administration of oxatomide to fasting male rats. These results demonstrated the usefulness of this method for monitoring and basic examination of biological samples and the influence of alimentation on absorption of oxatomide. Determination of plasma oxatomide concentrations would provide a useful indication of therapeutic efficacy.
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PMID:High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of oxatomide and its metabolite and its application to pharmacokinetic study in rat plasma. 1244 38