Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Type I (immediate) and type IV (delayed) allergic reactions to castor bean developed in a stockroom worker in a coffee roasting plant. The exceptionally strong contact urticarial patch rest reaction persisted for more than 48 hours and was therefore called "long-lasting contact urticaria." Light and electron microscopic observations indicated that eosinophils and mast cells were activated and participated in patch test reactions, which include both type I and type IV allergic reactions. Although patch testing is an absolute prerequisite for an accurate diagnosis of delayed allergy, it should be stressed that skin tests should not be performed with castor bean because of its toxicity and potential danger.
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PMID:Long-lasting contact urticaria from castor bean. 214 3

Thirteen out of 28 persons (14 men and 14 women) employed in a company which imports, prepares and distributes plant products used in spices and as ingredients in so-called health food, had developed work-related symptoms in the form of rhinitis, conjunctivitis, asthma, itch or urticaria. The symptoms occurred in connection with specific work operations, especially in the grinding and packaging of buckwheat. Seven out of 25 examined persons (28%) had at least one positive allergy test (prick test or RAST) against buckwheat. Furthermore, one person had positive RAST against extract from castor-oil bean. The correlation between positive allergy tests and work-related symptoms is significant. Fourteen persons were also patch tested. All were negative except one person who had a positive patch test against nickel. The nickel allergy was diagnosed before this study was done and had no relation to the work. The levels of airborne dust in the breathing zones of the workers when they performed dust-forming work were around and below 5 mg/m3. When buckwheat flour was packaged, the airborne dust levels were about 1-2 mg/m3. Thus, exposure to comparatively low levels of buckwheat dust may induce a definite risk of rapidly ensuing allergy. It is also obvious that persons without atopic stigmata, such as an earlier history of allergy or the occurrence of allergic diseases in relatives, risk becoming allergic. A conclusion is that health food could be a danger, when it is inhaled.
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PMID:Buckwheat allergy: health food, an inhalation health risk. 684 42

Paclitaxel (Taxol) a taxane antineoplastic agent causing irreversible microtubule aggregation with activity against breast, ovarian, lung, head and neck, bladder, testicular, esophageal, endometrial and other less common tumors was derived from the bark of the Pacific yew (Taxus brevifolia). Phase I trials conducted in the late 1980s were almost halted because of the high frequency of hypersensitivity-like reactions. Respiratory distress (dyspnea and/or bronchospasm), hypotension, and angioedema were the major manifestations, but flushing, urticaria, chest, abdomen, and extremity pains were described also. Reactions occurred on first exposure in the majority of cases raising etiologic questions. The vehicle for paclitaxel Cremophor EL (polyoxyethylated castor oil in 50% ethanol) was strongly suspect as a direct (non-immunoglobulin E dependent) histamine releaser. Premedication regimens and longer infusion times lowered the incidence of reactivity allowing phase II and III trials to progress through the early 1990s. The mechanism(s) underlying paclitaxel hypersensitivity-like reactions is still unknown, and clinical data on probable complement and mast cell activation are lacking. The original clinical trial protocols for paclitaxel required discontinuation of therapy for patients who experienced hypersensitivity-like reactions. Here, we review the current etiologic knowledge of these reactions and describe our clinical approach to allow completion of chemotherapy with this powerful plant-derived agent.
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PMID:Taxol reactions. 1212 9

Allergic type I reactions to medicines range in their clinical presentation from rhinitis and urticaria to severe bronchoconstriction and anaphylactic shock. We examined all cases of suspected drug induced reactions classified as anaphylactic reactions or shock reported in Sweden between 1972 and 1995 with regard to patient characteristics and drug(s) suspected. Some comparisons with drug sales and prescription data were also made. During the study period of a total of 1338 reports concerned anaphylactic/oid shock or reactions with at least a possible causal relation to medicine giving an overall reporting rate of seven cases per million inhabitants per year of drug-induced anaphylaxis. Of these 1338 patients 51 (3.8%) died from their reactions. Among the non-fatal cases, 460 (34.4%) were diagnosed as shock and 827 (61.8%) as anaphylactic reactions. In total 46.3% of all reports concerned men but men were over-represented among the older patients and among the fatal cases (65%). There were 201 different drugs reported as 'suspected' them most common of which were dextrans (418 reports), X-ray contrast media (161 reports) and antibiotics (153 reports). For dextrans the rate of anaphylactic reactions, shock and fatal cases reported were 128,101 and 21 per million bottles respectively. This decreased to 10.3, 9.8, and 0.4 per million bottles after the introduction of preventive treatment with dextran 1 in 1983.The reporting rate for ionic contrast media were 0.14, 0.13 and 0.02 per 1000 l for reactions, shock and fatal cases respectively whilst for non-ionic contrast media they were 0.7/1000 l for reactions, 0.02/1000 l for shock, but there was no report of a fatal case. For phenoxymethylpenicillin the reported rate of anaphylaxis was 0.14 cases per million defined daily doses and for benzylpenicillin it was 3.7 cases per million defined daily doses. During the study period several drugs have been identified as important causes of anaphylaxis and measures have been taken to decrease the risk of anaphylaxis e.g. the introduction of preventive treatment with dextran 1, the shift from ionic to non-ionic contrast media and the abolition of polyethoxylated castor oil as a solvent. Spontaneous reporting of drug-induced anaphylaxis remains an important surveillance model but needs to be complemented by better quantitative methods.
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PMID:Drug-attributed anaphylaxis. 1507 89

We report the first case of immediate-type hypersensitivity caused by Emla cream. A 55-year-old woman, after using Emla cream, went on to develop urticaria. An open test was positive to Emla cream. Patch tests and prick tests were performed with Emla cream, the components of Emla cream (lidocaine, prilocaine and castor oil) and other local anaesthetics. The patch test with lidocaine and the prick test with Emla cream were both positive. An intradermal test and subcutaneous administration of 3 anaesthetics that had negative patch tests and prick tests were performed and well tolerated, allowing their use. In the literature, anaphylactic reactions to lidocaine injections, delayed-type hypersensitivity after lidocaine subcutaneous injections and contact dermatitis from Emla cream have all been described. This first case of contact urticaria from Emla cream was due to lidocaine and did not show any cross-reaction with other local anaesthetics.
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PMID:Contact urticaria from Emla cream. 1560 54