Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In order to better understand the immunological processes connected with IgE-associated cutaneous disease, we have examined the expression of CD40 and its ligand CD40L, required for the induction of IgE synthesis in B-cells, as well as of IgE and its receptors in various dermatoses (atopic dermatitis (AD), scabies, chronic recurrent urticaria) versus normal skin, and in one dermopathic lymph node versus normal lymphatic tissue by immunohistochemistry. Compared to normal skin, cells expressing IgE, Fc epsilon RI, Fc epsilon RII, CD40, CD40L and L26 were increased in the dermis, partly also in the epidermis, from patients with AD and scabies, but not in chronic urticaria. CD40 and CD40L were detected on numerous cells in lymphatic tissue from both normal donors and a patient with AD, whereas large numbers of IgE- and Fc epsilon RI-positive cells were only found in the dermopathic lymph node from the AD patient, in contrast to very few in normal lymphatic tissue. These results with selectively increased IgE/Fc epsilon RI and associated CD40/CD40L expression in the skin of AD and scabies suggest that cutaneous tissue, in addition to dermopathic lymphatic tissue, might contribute to IgE synthesis.
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PMID:Upregulation of CD40 and CD40 ligand expression in IgE-associated cutaneous diseases. 939 77

The pathogenesis of chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) is not understood completely; however, autoimmunity has been implicated. Because membrane and soluble forms of CD154 have been reported to be increased, in several autoimmune diseases, we have quantified the soluble CD154 (sCD154) molecule by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum samples of 32 patients with CIU (aged 32 +/- 12 years) and compared them with 32 age- and sex-matched nonallergic controls. A marked increase was observed in patients with CIU as compared with controls (4.8 +/- 2.6 ng/mL versus 2.9 +/- 0.9 ng/mL; p < 0.0005). No significant differences were found between groups of patients with positive or negative autologous serum skin test. A biological assay to determine sCD154 showed that patients with positive autologous serum skin test have the highest levels (4.9 +/- 1.2 ng/mL) of biologically active sCD154 as compared with their negative counterparts (2.2 +/- 1.3 ng/mL; p < .001) and controls (0.6 +/- 0.3 ng/mL; p < 0.001). Active sCD154 can be derived from mast cell activation or other leukocytes. It is concluded that active sCD154 may be involved in the immune activation observed in patients with CIU.
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PMID:Total and biologically active serum-soluble CD154 in patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria. 1517 97

The pathogenesis of chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) is not completely understood although autoimmunity has been proposed. The aim of the study was to assess the expression of different leukocyte antigens, by flow cytometry, assaying total blood of 29 patients with CIU and of 20 sex and age matched controls. Moreover, we assessed soluble CD154 a marker of immune cell activation, predominantly memory T cells. When patients were divided depending an their response to the autologous serum skin test (ASST), three different groups were encountered: group 1 (n=11): with negative ASST-, group 2 (n=11): positive ASST (ASST+) with normal lymphocyte counts and group 3 (n=7): ASST+ with low lymphocyte counts (< 1500 cells/mm3). A significant increase in CD19+ percentage and not in the absolute count (P < 0.05) was observed in group 1 as compared to controls and to the other groups. In contrast, CD30+, CD45RO+ and CD4+/CD45RO+ percentages and biologically active soluble CD154 levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in group 3 as compared to group 1 or to controls. In ASST positive groups, CD45RO+ and CD4+/CD45RO+ positiveness correlates with wheal diameter. In conclusion, memory cells may play a role in these different types of patients and in understanding CIU pathogenesis.
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PMID:Immunophenotype characteristics of peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes of chronic idiopathic urticaria patients. 1717 4

Blood platelets participate actively in immune-inflammatory processes. Responding to the variety of stimuli such as cell activation leads to the release of several mediators, including RANTES, platelet factor 4, beta-thromboglobulin, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17), serotonin and arachidonic acid metabolites. It also affects the expression of immunomodulatory and adhesive molecules, including CD154 and P-selectin. Immune-inflammatory processes associated with skin diseases could induce platelet activation, which, in turn, would contribute to acceleration and modulation of these processes. Activated platelets are capable of facilitating leukocyte rolling in the skin and the release of skin inflammation mediators. Changes in platelet function and behaviour may occur in certain types of skin inflammatory conditions and platelets might then be an important effector cell of the skin immune system, contributing to the pathogenesis of some skin inflammatory disorders. The changes in platelet activity and reactivity have been demonstrated to show distinctly different pathogenic mechanisms in cutaneous diseases, such as urticaria, atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome and psoriasis. Considering the risk of cardiovascular events, some of them seem to be of clinical significance. This contribution is a brief outline of the present knowledge of the platelet function in dermal disorders.
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PMID:Platelet function in cutaneous diseases. 1879 36