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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Evidence has been presented supporting the hypothesis that at least 2 different types of mechanisms may be involved in aspirin intolerance, one resulting in bronchospasm and the other producing urticaria/angioedema. Bronchospasm is the predominant symptom of aspirin intolerance in patients who have asthma. In contrast, the predominant symptom of aspirin intolerance in patients who have rhinitis is urticaria/angioedema. In the bronchospastic type of aspirin intolerance, there is a significant correlation with an increased frequency of nasal polyposis, and with a similar ageonset of asthma and aspirin intolerance. These correlations were not present in the urticari/angioedema type. Additional evidence for familial occurrence of aspirin intolerance is presented, and its relationship with subtypes of aaspirin intolerance is discussed. In a double-blind, crossover study with normal control subjects matched by age and sex 15% (6/40) of aspirin-intolerant individuals had significant adverse reactions to tartrazine challenge and not to the placebo. None of the 40 normal control subjects had any adverse reactions.
J Allergy Clin Immunol 1975 Sep
PMID:Aspirin intolerance. III. Subtypes, familial occurence, and cross-reactivity with tartarazine. 115 Oct 14

The twofold purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of latex sensitivity in a large group of operating room nurses and to evaluate the relationship between questionnaire responses and skin tests. Of the total target population of 268 operating room nurses, 248 (93%) answered the questionnaire and 197 had skin prick tests to latex (1/10 wt/vol solution). Symptoms associated with glove wearing were acknowledged by 41.1% of nurses. Skin tests to latex were positive in 21 nurses (10.7%), 4.4 times more often in atopic nurses. Among nurses complaining of local symptoms, only 18.6% had positive skin tests. Itching of the hands during glove wearing correlated poorly with latex sensitivity, but correlation with local urticaria was better. Atopic nurses complaining of urticaria had latex allergy in 70% of cases. Thus latex allergy is common in nurses, especially atopic nurses. A questionnaire is unreliable in predicting latex sensitivity and must be supported by latex skin test. More data will be needed to assess the risk of anaphylactic perioperative reactions in operating room nurses.
J Allergy Clin Immunol 1992 Sep
PMID:Prevalence of latex allergy in operating room nurses. 152 11

Usually, Phadiotop is presented as an in vitro multitest to pneumoallergens that are indicated in respiratory allergy. Now, in skin allergy atopic dermatitis and reaginic urticaria-Quincke's oedema, the responsibility of pneumoallergens, particularly mites, is clear. 47 Subjects were studied. Clinical history, skin test nd specific IgE gave confirmation of allergy to pneumoallergens. This was proved by the subsequent clinical development, with, in most cases, spectacular improvement after desensitization.8 section. We have compared Phadiotop with these different clinical criteria, skin tests and Cap Rast IgE. The results favour Phadiotop and confirm its value and indication in skin allergy to pneumoallergens.
Allerg Immunol (Paris) 1992 Sep
PMID:[Phadiatop in the diagnosis of skin allergy to pneumoallergens]. 138 57

A comparative study was made of three in vivo and in vitro diagnostic methods for food allergy: Fx5 multitest (Pharmacia); Measurement of specific IgE CAP (Pharmacia); Skin tests (Prick Tests). 20 patients, from 3 to 71 years (mean 24.4 years), were selected by clinical suggestion (asthma, rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, urticaria and/or Quincke's oedema). The Fx5 test used six food allergens: wheat, egg, cow's milk, soya, peanut and fish. The Cap Rast for each substance was evaluated, as was Fx5, by a radio-immunological method. The Prick Tests made with the six allergens used were considered to be positive when the diameter of the weal was greater than that produced by a reference test with histamine. The results were considered as a comparison between Fx5 and Cap Rast to each of the foods, between Fx5 and prick Test with five foods and finally between CAP RAST and Prick Test. Correlation Fx5--Cap rast was better and more useful in the diagnosis of food allergy than skin tests.
Allerg Immunol (Paris) 1992 Sep
PMID:[Multitest Fx5 in food allergy]. 138 58

Astemizole is often administered to children in the treatment of rhinoconjunctivitis and urticaria with good efficacy and few side effects. Both astemizole and its major metabolite desmethylastemizole (DMA) are clinically effective without annoying side effects such as sedation. The pharmacokinetics in adults is well known. In three different studies we have investigated the pharmacokinetical properties of the drug in children. Study I (absorption): Thirty-eight children 8-16 years old (mean 12.6 years) and weighing 25-80 kg (mean 45 kg), with rhinoconjunctivitis due to birch pollinosis, were pretreated with either astemizole 5 mg daily or placebo for two weeks. Then, all children were treated with astemizole in doses increasing every week, i.e. 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg per day. There was a good correlation between the given dose per kg body weight and the plasma concentration of astemizole plus hydroxylated metabolites, indicating that astemizole is completely absorbed. Study II (time to reach steady state): A group of 21 children 7-18 years old (mean 13.9 years), plus 2 younger children, 2 and 5 years old, with allergy against birch- or grass pollen were treated with astemizole 10 mg daily for 12 weeks. Astemizole had reached steady-state plasma levels when the first sample was taken after 1 week, DMA reached steady state within 4 weeks. Study III (elimination half-life [t1/2 beta]): In 10 of the children from study II, t1/2 beta for astemizole plus DMA could be calculated (two samples) and was 10.8 days.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Rhinol Suppl 1992 Sep
PMID:Pharmacokinetics of astemizole in children. 141 23

Human urine samples, purified on octadecasilyl-silica cartridges, contained immunoreactive angiotensin I, II, arginine vasopressin and oxytocin. The daily excretion of these peptides in healthy volunteers was 190.00 +/- 38.43 (n = 12), 17.48 +/- 3.09 (n = 12), 63.43 +/- 14.84 (n = 8) and 13.52 +/- 1.42 (n = 7) pmol/24 hr, respectively (mean +/- s.e.m.). Patients with a history of anaphylactoid reactions to drugs or food additives showed clinical symptoms such as urticaria, flush, nausea, dizziness and hypotension after oral provocation with cyanocobalamine, propyphenazone, acetylsalicylic acid and sodium benzoate. In five of the seven patients, angiotensin I and II were increased several fold in the urine fractions after symptoms were reported. The average increase in the urine concentration of both peptides was fourfold and 5.5-fold. In three out of five patients, the mean excretion of arginine vasopressin and oxytocin immunoreactive material was also elevated by a factor of 5.7 and 4.4, respectively. Oral provocation with a placebo failed to elicit anaphylactoid symptoms or an increase in the urine levels of angiotensin I or angiotensin II. Angiotensin I and angiotensin II-like immunoreactivity could be characterized on HPLC as Ile5-angiotensin I, Ile5-angiotensin II and angiotensin II metabolites. HPLC characterization of immunoreactive arginine vasopressin and oxytocin in two different gradient systems showed retention times different than the retention times of the corresponding synthetic standard peptides indicating that both peptides are not authentic AVP and OXT. These results suggest that angiotensin I and angiotensin II may be involved in the clinical events observed during some forms of anaphylactoid reactions.
Clin Exp Allergy 1992 Sep
PMID:Urinary excretion of angiotensin I, II, arginine vasopressin and oxytocin in patients with anaphylactoid reactions. 142 42

Food sensitivity is a common condition presenting with various clinical syndromes including migraine, urticaria, gluten enteropathy, Crohn's disease and irritable bowel syndrome. It is a heterogeneous condition affecting different organ systems and is also aetiologically diverse with subgroups due to allergy, pharmacological reactions, enzyme deficiencies and psychological causes. Clinical acceptance of food sensitivity has been delayed by the use of dubious diagnostic techniques by a minority of practitioners and the lack of laboratory diagnostic tests, but several double blind studies have now fully validated the existence of food sensitivity syndromes. More widespread recognition of food sensitivity would be cost effective for the National Health Service.
J R Soc Med 1992 Sep
PMID:Food allergy--fact or fiction: a review. 143 27

This study has the purpose of describing indications and legal implications related to the intravascular use of contrast media (ICM) in order to provide useful guidelines to the intensivist, often involved in the treatment of adverse reactions. The structure of modern contrast media (CM), is a benzenic ring carrying steadily three iodine ions. Adverse reactions due to the use of ICM, are local or systemic ranging from skin rashes or flushes (urticaria et al.), to cardiovascular, respiratory and neurologic symptoms. The prevention of these reactions is mandatory in patients reporting a history of allergy or atopia disease. From a legal point of view, the contraindication to procedures involving i.v. use of CM are not clearly pointed out therefore several concerns have been expressed. The intensivist is not required to physically attend the procedure, in agreement with the circular #64 edited in 1979; on the other hand his prompt intervention should be granted if necessary. Furthermore every therapeutic supply suitable for any resuscitational intervention should be available in the area where the test is performed. In conclusion we would like to stress the financial and ethic implications related to the choice of ICM (ionic versus non-ionic). The use of non-ionic CM offers several advantages: among them the better tolerance for the patient and the lower incidence of adverse reactions. However non-ionic CM have a cost ten-fold higher and both groups of drugs have same incidence of fatal reactions, therefore the use of non-ionic ICM is recommended for high risk patients.
Minerva Anestesiol 1992 Sep
PMID:[Problems related to resuscitation in studies with contrast media]. 143 59

A 35-year-old male doctor experienced an anaphylactic reaction of urticaria, unconsciousness and hypotension one hour after taking a meal including crab meat and alcohol (beer 350 ml+Japanese sake 100 ml). He recovered within several hours after emergency treatment. Another attack occurred 6 months later after taking a meal including crab meat and alcohol. Serum IgE showed 3073 IU/ml. IgE-RAST and skin tests were positive for crab. A crab meat plus alcohol challenge test revealed a slight increase in plasma histamine level. This is a rare case of food (crab meat)-dependent anaphylaxis possibly induced by alcohol.
Arerugi 1992 Sep
PMID:[A case of food-dependent anaphylaxis induced by alcohol]. 144 36

The efficacy and safety of a new non-sedating antihistamine, loratadine (Clarityn, CAS 79794-75-5) 10 mg q.d., was compared to the classical antihistamine, hydroxyzine 25 mg t.i.d. and placebo in a 4-week (optional 12 week) randomized, double-blind, multi-center study in 203 patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria. Efficacy evaluations included weekly physician and patient assessments of pruritus, overall disease condition, and therapeutic response to treatment. Loratadine and hydroxyzine were significantly more effective than placebo and clinically comparable to each other as measured by all efficacy evaluations at each visit. Loratadine was safe and well tolerated with sedation and dry mouth similar to placebo and significantly less than hydroxyzine.
Arzneimittelforschung 1992 Sep
PMID:Relative efficacy and safety of loratadine, hydroxyzine, and placebo in chronic idiopathic urticaria. 144 78


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