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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Food intolerant symptoms can have various causes, including enzyme deficiencies (of lactase or aldehyde dehydrogenase) and pharmacological effects (e.g., caffeine, salicylates). The irritable bowel syndrome can also be associated with intolerance to specific foods in some cases, but the mechanism is unclear. Immunological causes are less common but may explain the small bowel mucosal changes associated with gluten enteropathy, as well as the childhood enteropathy provoked by cow's milk or, rarely, by other foods. Food allergy of the more immediate and classical type is associated with reactions both within and outside the gastrointestinal tract. Where these include urticaria, asthma and eczema, immunoglobulin E antibodies are often demonstrable by skin or radioallergosorbent tests, but pseudo-allergic reactions can produce a similar clinical picture. Diagnosis of food intolerance depends on withdrawing the food concerned and assessing the response to a blind challenge. Objective ways of detecting subclinical reactions are also useful, including the detection of a mediator response involving prostaglandins, histamine or serotonin.
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PMID:Food intolerance. 392 73

Food intolerance is a reproducible adverse reaction to a specific food ingredient that is not psychologically based. Food allergy is a form of food intolerance in which there is evidence that the response is caused by an immunological reaction to food. Other mechanisms of food intolerance include enzyme defects (e.g. lactase deficiency), pharmacological effects (e.g. histamine), toxic properties (e.g. haemagglutinating lectins) and irritants (e.g. spices). Food allergy in children is a highly contentious subject and there is often a striking lack of published evidence from which to base clinical decisions. The true prevalence of food allergy in children is unknown, although there is evidence of an increasing incidence of allergic reactions to some foods, especially peanuts. Our understanding of why some children are unable to tolerate certain foods (e.g. cow's milk, egg), or how they grow out of this intolerance, is very poor. Symptoms of food allergy in children are diverse and include vomiting, poor weight gain, abdominal pain, malabsorption, cough, wheeze, rhinitis, atopic eczema, urticaria and angioedema. Despite the lack of objective data to support the notion that food intolerance contributes to behaviour in children, this is a belief firmly held by many parents and some professionals. The gold standard for diagnosing food intolerance is the double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC). There is often a poor correlation between the results of food provocation tests and those of skin prick tests of radioallergosorbent tests for specific food antibodies. For proven food allergy, elimination diets are the mainstay of management. In children these must be closely supervised to avoid nutritional deficiency and compromise of growth. Some children who have had severe (anaphylactic) reactions after food need to have a supply of self-injectable adrenaline made available to their parents and teachers and must also practice strict avoidance of the offending food.
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PMID:Food allergy and food intolerance in childhood. 1113 67

Aquagenic urticaria is a rare disorder characterized by the occurrence of pruritus and wheals after temporary contact with water. The familial occurrence of aquagenic urticaria over 3 generations is reported here in association with familial lactose intolerance, a condition in which the enzyme lactase encoded on chromosome 2, is deficient. In two patients, a young man and his mother, we verified the appearance of pruritic hives 5 to 10 minutes after contact with water of any temperature. Other types of physical urticaria were absent, and mastocytosis was excluded by extensive laboratory investigations; lactose intolerance was confirmed in both patients by H(2)-exhalation test. In these patients the clinical symptoms did not respond to antihistamines or UV-radiation therapy. Four other members of the family had wheals from water contact, two of whom had lactose intolerance. Two other members had lactose intolerance only. Although the association of aquagenic urticaria with lactose intolerance may be coincidental, attention is drawn to the fact that the 2 conditions, known to be familial, may coexist in the same family, possibly based on an association of gene loci.
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PMID:Familial aquagenic urticaria associated with familial lactose intolerance. 1227 10