Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Integrins are cell surface molecules of importance in a wide variety of cellular functions, including morphogenesis, cell migration and cell matrix interactions. The beta-2 (B2) integrin (leukocyte integrin, CD11/CD18) subfamily comprising three members, each consisting of a shared beta subunit (CD18) non-covalently associated with unique alpha subunits (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c). In the present study, we have analysed the expression pattern of B2 integrins on the surface of human keratinocytes (HKs) in biopsies obtained from healthy volunteers, from positive tuberculin skin tests and from patients with acute urticaria (AU), lichen planus (LP), psoriasis vulgaris (PV), mycosis fungoides (MF) or purpura pigmentosa chronica (PPC). In biopsies obtained from positive tuberculin tests and from the clinically involved skin of patients with LP, PV, MF or PPC, a multifocally occurring, suprabasal peroxidase-positive reaction was observed on the membranes of the HKs when the monoclonal antibodies (MABs) Dako CD11a, Dako-p150, 95 or Dako CD18 were used. In contrast, no specific staining of the HKs was observed with the same MABs in biopsies from healthy volunteers, from patients with AU and in the uninvolved skin specimens obtained from the other patients. The HKs from PV, LP, MF, PPC and AU patients and those from the healthy subjects failed to give a positive reaction when the MAB against CD11b (OKM1) was used. Our present findings provide further evidence that HKs may be actively involved in cell adhesion processes.
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PMID:Expression of beta-2 integrin molecules on human keratinocytes in cytokine-mediated skin diseases. 135 49

We have used a panel of monoclonal antibodies and enzyme histochemistry in order to characterize further the perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrate found in chronic idiopathic urticaria. Biotinylated anti-mouse immunoglobulin was exposed to avidin-biotin-peroxidase-labeled complex followed by peroxidase development in order to detect binding of monoclonal antibodies. The mean percent staining obtained for 12 patients with chronic urticaria was 47% T-lymphocytes, 22% monocytes (14% by alpha-naphthyl acid esterase), and 11% mast cells. B-lymphocytes were not detectable, and approximately 20% of cells could not be identified. Although patients varied greatly in the ratio of Leu 3a positive helper-inducer T cells to T8 positive cytotoxic-suppressor cells, the average of all patients was not significantly different from the T4/T8 ratio in plasma. Our results suggest that the infiltrate resembles that observed in cellular immune reactions (although no antigen has been identified) and that interaction of T-lymphocytes and/or monocytes with mast cells to cause mediator release appears likely.
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PMID:Studies of the cellular infiltrate of chronic idiopathic urticaria: prominence of T-lymphocytes, monocytes, and mast cells. 349 Nov

Food allergy is a common disease in our country, especially affecting atopic children. Egg-white hypersensitivity is frequently found in these patients. However, egg-yolk hypersensitivity is not usually reported in patients with egg allergy. This article describes a young patient with egg-yolk hypersensitivity, a 12 year old female patient with a medical history of contact urticaria, angioedema and severe acute bronchospasm shortly after the intake of small amounts of egg-yolk. All these episodes required treatment in emergency care units because of the severity of the symptoms. The patient did not describe any other food hypersensitivity and remained symptom-free after the intake of boiled or fried egg-white. She had clinical symptoms of grass pollen hypersensitivity and was therefore on specific immunotherapy at the time of the study. The skin prick-tests were positive to grass pollen and egg-yolk and were negative to mites, moulds, animal dander and to the common food tested (milk, fish, peanut, almond and hazel-nut). Total serum IgE was 1.160 UL/ml. The patient had a positive RAST to egg-white (0.0 PRU/ml) as well as to egg-yolk (8.6 PRU/ml). Furthermore, an indirect enzyme immunoassay as well as a reverse enzyme immunoassay also revealed the presence of specific IgE antibodies. The reverse enzyme immunoassay uses microtiter plates as a solid surface. These plates are coated with a monospecific antihuman IgE antibody. Thereafter, the serum samples are incubated overnight in the wells. After several washings, the presence of specific antibodies is revealed by means of a peroxidase conjugated allergen.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Detection of IgE specific for egg yolk by enzyme immunoassay. Description of a case]. 351 86

An indirect double-antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the measurement of human immunoglobulin E (IgE) and IgG to the cow's milk proteins (CMP) alpha-casein, alpha-lactalbumin, and beta-lactoglobulin. Human serum albumin was used as the negative-antigen control. Rabbit anti-human IgE or IgG served as the primary antibody, and horseradish peroxidase-conjugated swine anti-rabbit immunoglobulin served as the secondary antibody. Positive control sera were obtained from patients with well-documented histories of cow's milk allergy, while negative control sera were obtained from cord bloods of healthy full-term infants and from normal adult volunteers without known milk allergy. Test sera were obtained from 41 children (ages, 3 months to 13 years; average age, 2.6 years) with suspected cow's milk allergy and clinical manifestations that included wheezing, rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, urticaria, or gastrointestinal disturbances. The patients were simultaneously evaluated by prick skin testing with scratch test antigen to whole CMP. Although only 13 (32%) of the 41 patients were positive by the prick skin test, 25 (61%) were positive by the IgE ELISA. Of the 25 IgE ELISA-positive patients, 20 were also positive by the IgG ELISA. There was concordance of positive results between skin testing and the IgE ELISA in only 9 patients (22%), and there was concordance of negative results in 12 patients (29%). Discordant results were observed in 20 patients (49%). These results indicate that the ELISA is more sensitive than prick skin testing in the identification of individuals with elevated levels of IgE to CMP.
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PMID:Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for measurement of human immunoglobulins E and G to purified cow's milk proteins: application in diagnosis of cow's milk allergy. 369 41

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) was isolated from propolis (a product of honeybee hives) that has been used in folk medicine as a potent antiinflammatory agent. CAPE is cytotoxic to tumor and virally transformed but not to normal cells. Our main goal was to establish whether CAPE inhibits the tumor promoter (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate)-induced processes associated with carcinogenesis. Topical treatment of SENCAR mice with very low doses (0.1-6.5 nmol/topical treatment) of CAPE strongly inhibits the following 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-mediated oxidative processes that are considered essential for tumor promotion: (a) polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration into mouse skin and ears, as quantified by myeloperoxidase activity; (b) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production; and (c) formation of oxidized bases in epidermal DNA, as measured by 5-hydroxymethyluracil and 8-hydroxylguanine. A 0.5-nmol dose of CAPE suppresses the oxidative burst of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes by 50%. At higher doses (1-10 mumol), CAPE inhibits edema and ornithine decarboxylase induction in CD-1 and SENCAR mice. Interestingly, we discovered that 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced H2O2 production in bovine lenses also is inhibited by CAPE. Cumulatively, these findings point to CAPE as being a potent chemopreventive agent, which may be useful in combating diseases with strong inflammatory and/or oxidative stress components, i.e., various types of cancer and possibly cataract development.
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PMID:Inhibition of tumor promoter-mediated processes in mouse skin and bovine lens by caffeic acid phenethyl ester. 768 Feb 81

The results of several investigations proved that, in special circumstances, human keratinocytes (HKs) synthesize and express cell surface moieties characteristic of effector and/or accessory cells of the immune system, such as CD16, CD36, HLA-DR, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (CD54), which are all detectable on the surfaces of macrophages. In the present study, skin biopsies from healthy volunteers, from positive tuberculin skin tests, and from patients with acute urticaria (AU), lichen planus (LP), psoriasis vulgaris (PV), mycosis fungoides (MF), and purpura pigmentosa chronica (PPC) were investigated by means of a multistep immunoperoxidase method to examine the reactivity of the HKs with a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MABs) characteristic of monocyte/macrophage cell lines. In biopsies obtained from positive tuberculin tests and from clinically involved skin of patients with LP, PV, MF, or PPC, a multifocal, positive peroxidase reaction was observed on the membranes of HKs of the basal and suprabasal cell layers when the MABs OKM13 (CD13), OKM14 (CD14), and Dako-Macrophage (CD68) were used. In contrast, specific staining of the HKs was not observed with the same antibodies in the biopsies of healthy volunteers or of patients with AU or in the uninvolved skin specimens obtained from the other patients. The HKs of PV, LP, MF, PPC, and AU patients and those of the healthy subjects all failed to give positive reactions when MABs against CD11b, CD15, or CD33 were used. The published data supplement the known surface characteristics of HKs, reflecting their stage of activation and differentiation.
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PMID:Expression of monocyte/macrophage markers (CD13, CD14, CD68) on human keratinocytes in healthy and diseased skin. 768 77

Since several forms of autoimmunity have been associated with urticaria, we performed a detailed survey of autoantibodies in patients with idiopathic subacute and chronic urticaria. Sera from 25 consecutive patients referred for evaluation of urticaria were tested for the presence of autoantibodies and compared to sera from seventy-five control samples examined from individuals being treated for other allergic diseases. Study patients ranged in age from 15 to 73 years, with a mean of 48. One patient had a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease and one had multiple myeloma, but otherwise there were no other diagnoses of disease specifically involving immunity other than atopy. No study patients had a concurrent diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid disease. The test sera were examined for autoantibodies and for antibodies to H. pylori. Antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (TPO) were found significantly (p < 0.01) more common in urticaria (20%] than in controls (0%). Rheumatoid factor(RF) was also found in significantly (p < 0.05) increased in urticaria (16%) compared to controls [0%). Neither H. pylori antibody nor other autoantibodies were present in significant numbers of urticaria patients when compared to controls. Tested autoantibodies included those to thyroglobulin, sDNA, SSA/SSB, ENA, cardiolipin, beta2-glycoprotein I, myeloperoxidase, proteinase-3, smooth muscle, ANA, human lysosomal-associated membrane protein, and bactericidal permeability increasing protein. Thus, patients with urticaria were somewhat more likely to have a thyroid autoantibody to TPO or to have RF. This survey demonstrates that while some markers of autoimmunity may be increased in urticaria patients, broad nonspecific autoimmunity is not found.
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PMID:Are autoantibodies present in patients with subacute and chronic urticaria? 1143 65

Over a 6-year period seven adult horses of different breeds and genders developed multifocal, exudative, oozing dermatitis characterized histologically by epidermal spongiotic vesicles and perivascular eosinophilic, neutrophilic and mixed mononuclear inflammation. Three horses were pruritic. Systemic disease was not noted. Two horses had a history of recurrent urticaria (hives) and one horse had nodules or welt-type lesions that progressed to exudative, oozing lesions. Interepithelial immunoglobulin (Ig)G was detected by avidin-biotin complex-peroxidase staining, but the pattern of staining was more consistent with epithelial oedema than specific IgG deposition associated with pemphigus. The exudative oozing lesions developed under circumstances suggesting that dermal oedema progressed to intracellular and intercellular epidermal oedema, which in turn progressed to the spongiotic vesicular epidermal lesions.
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PMID:Spongiotic vesicular dermatitis as a cutaneous reaction pattern in seven horses. 1190 55

The content of total IgE, antibodies to thyroglobulin (TG-Ab), antibodies to thyreoid peroxidase (TPO-Ab) in the blood serum and skin reaction to autologous serum were detected in patients with chronic relapsing urticaria (CRU). The skin test to autologous serum yielded positive results in 42% of the patients. The elevated levels of TG-Ab and TPO-Ab were detected in 30.7% and 35.4% of the patients, the elevated level of total IgE was detected in 60% of the patients. At the same time the detection rates of antithyreoid antibodies and the elevated level of IgE were not linked with skin reaction to autologous serum. Apparently, in addition to autoantibodies to IgE or its receptor (the positive skin test to autologous serum), thyroid gland antibodies may take part in the mechanism of the CRU formation.
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PMID:[Autoantibodies to thyroid gland antigens in chronic relapsing urticaria]. 1252 7

Previous observations have shown that the syndrome of thyroid autoimmunity and idiopathic urticaria and angioedema (ICUA) can be associated with a marked worsening of reactive airway disease. Possibly, mediators released in this syndrome may contribute to acute bronchospasm and associated respiratory symptoms in some patients. In this study, two patients presenting with overlapping clinical presentations of the syndrome of thyroid immunity and ICUA are described in whom a diagnosis of anaphylaxis to food and antibiotics, respectively, was initially suspected but ruled out by testing and challenges. These cases illustrate clinical overlap between presentations of ICUA and anaphylaxis. We suggest that patients with idiopathic anaphylaxis be evaluated for the presence of antithyroid microsomal (peroxidase) antibodies or antithyroglobulin antibodies, particularly because the diagnosis of thyroid antibody-positive ICUA may suggest additional therapeutic options.
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PMID:The syndrome of thyroid autoimmunity and idiopathic chronic urticaria and angioedema presenting as anaphylaxis. 1286 19


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