Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In contrast to acute urticaria, etiology cannot be identified in most cases of chronic urticaria. Recent evidence suggests that a subset of patients with chronic urticaria may have an autoimmune basis for their condition. The demonstration of antithyroid autoantibodies in some patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) provides support for an association. However, the discovery of a positive skin test response to intradermal injection of autologous serum in as many as 60% of patients with CIU led to the identification of autoantibodies to IgE and the alpha-chain of the high-affinity IgE receptor, Fc epsilon RI alpha. Additional studies have demonstrated that some of these autoantibodies are capable of releasing histamine from donor basophils and mast cells. This article reviews the literature that addresses a possible autoimmune etiology in a subset of patients with CIU. Urticarial vasculitis is differentiated from chronic urticaria based on clinical features and biopsy findings of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Most cases of urticarial vasculitis are secondary to an underlying systemic disease. The presence of autoantibodies has also been demonstrated in a subset of patients with primary urticarial vasculitis. This article briefly reviews some of this data.
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2001 Jul
PMID:Autoimmunity in chronic urticaria and urticarial vasculitis. 1189 55

Urticaria and angioedema will affect 15% of the general population during their lifetime, and this remains one of the most vexing cutaneous conditions to evaluate and treat. Patients frequently go from one physician to another in hopes of finding a healthcare provider who can identify the cause and cure the ailment. Physicians treating hives are equally frustrated as they ponder the utility of obtaining a panel of screening laboratory tests that have previously been shown to have a low yield or obtaining selected allergy tests in a group of patients who are no more prone to allergic disease than the general public. This review presents recent information in a clinical context with the aim of aiding the physician in understanding the pathophysiology of urticaria and formulating an intelligent evaluation and treatment plan.
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2001 Jul
PMID:Chronic urticaria: background, evaluation, and treatment. 1189 57

Ocular allergic disease affects not only the conjunctivae but also surrounding structures including the eyelids. Allergic diseases of the eyelid include atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, and urticaria/angioedema. They must be differentiated from nonallergic eyelid diseases. Allergic diseases of the conjunctivae comprise a spectrum of disorders from common, non-sight-threatening conditions such as seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, perennial allergic conjunctivitis, and giant papillary conjunctivitis to less common and potentially sight-threatening diseases such as vernal keratoconjunctivitis and atopic keratoconjunctivitis. Each of these conditions is mediated primarily by type I hypersensitivity reactions. The clinical manifestations, differential diagnosis, and treatment of these conditions are reviewed in this article.
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2001 Jul
PMID:Ocular allergies. 1189 63

The factors underlying analgesic intolerance (AI), particularly the role of ethnic characteristics, are readily not clear. In this trial, we aimed to assess the predictive features of AI in Turkish subjects. One hundred and ninety patients with AI were enrolled into the study conducted in our tertiary care clinic. The types of drug causing adverse reaction(s) and types of reaction(s) were recorded. The presence of atopy was assessed by skin prick tests. According to the results, the most frequently intolerated analgesic was acetyl salicylic acid (72.1%), followed by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (68.4%) and paracetamol (15.8%). Urticaria/angioedema (52.6%) and asthmatic response (40.5%) were the most common reactions to analgesics. Compared with the general adult population of Turkey, the rate of atopy was found be higher in patients with AI and asthma (25% vs. 45%, p = 0.004) but comparable in patients with AI but no atopic disorder (25% vs. 29.2%, p> 0.05). In conclusion, subjects exhibiting intolerance to analgesics have particular features in our population; the presence of atopy in these subjects seems to be associated with the coexistent asthma rather than the drug allergy itself.
J Asthma 2002 Apr
PMID:Clinical features and atopy profile in Turkish subjects with analgesic intolerance. 1199 Feb 26

Epidemiological information on symptoms affecting extra-respiratory organs and apparatuses in asthmatic children is scarce. The aim of this study therefore was to evaluate, at a population level, if and what extra-respiratory symptoms are associated with asthma. Two questionnaire-based, cross-sectional surveys were carried out on 1,262 students (651 males; mean age 9.57 years, age-range 6-14 years) in 1992 and on 1,210 students (639 males; mean age 9.02 years, age-range 6-14 years) in 1998, from two elementary and two junior high schools in Rome, Italy. Questionnaires included queries about asthma and its risk factors and extra-respiratory symptoms (headache, restlessness, sleep disturbances, urticaria, itching, and abdominal pain). Of responders, 11.9% (279/2,342) had a history of asthma. After adjustment for gender, family history of atopic disease, low birth weight, early respiratory problems, and damp house, asthma was significantly associated with recurrent abdominal pain (odds ratio [OR] 1.90; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04, 3.16), itching (OR 3.15; 95% CI: 1.75, 5.68), and urticaria (OR 2.52; 95% CI: 1.02, 6.20). Asthma was reported by 10.2% (201/1,962) of children unaffected by this triad, by 20.1% (56/279; OR 2.20) with one of the symptoms, and by 31.6% (12/38; OR 4.04) with two or more symptoms. An emerging characteristic of pediatric asthma in our setting appears to be its association with certain extra-respiratory symptoms (abdominal pain, itching, and urticaria). A global, internistic approach to asthmatic children is increasingly required both in the clinical setting and in future epidemiological studies.
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PMID:Association of asthma with extra-respiratory symptoms in schoolchildren: two cross-sectional studies 6 years apart. 1200 Apr 83

Although tomatoes are a commonly consumed food, severe allergic reactions to tomatoes are unusual or rarely reported. Previously reported allergic manifestations to tomato include urticaria/angioedema, dermatitis, oral allergy syndrome, rhinitis, and abdominal pain. The aim of this study was to report two patients with significant immediate hypersensitivity reactions to tomato and characterize the responsible allergen. We reviewed the history and documentation of tomato-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) of two patients with adverse symptoms after ingesting tomato. Fresh tomato extracts prepared from the skin, seeds, and flesh of red, ripe tomatoes were evaluated for total protein content and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was performed to characterize the tomato protein. IgE enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the patients' serum against the various tomato extracts was accomplished and IgE immunoblot was performed. Percutaneous skin tests or radioallergosorbent tests (RASTs) were positive to tomato in both patients. Both adults experienced laryngeal edema and one had anaphylaxis. Similar total protein contents were found in each of the tomato extracts and gel electrophoresis revealed similar protein profile for skin and seed extracts with protein bands discernible at molecular weights of 21, 33, and 43 kDa. One patient reacted specifically to a 43-kDa protein band on IgE immunoblot. The two cases show that severe allergic reactions to tomato occur in adults and one is associated with IgE binding to a 43-kDa protein.
Allergy Asthma Proc
PMID:Severe tomato allergy (Lycopersicon esculentum). 1200 94

In ordinary urticaria, individual lesions disappear within 24 hours. However, we sometimes encounter patients whose eruptions last longer than 24 hours, but without evidence of vasculitis or a history of exposure to pressure. In these patients, histology reveals a perivascular infiltration, predominantly of eosinophils, depending on the timing of the biopsy. Unlike urticarial vasculitis, no immunoglobulins, complement deposition, or endothelial fibrinoid degeneration is observed. The peripheral eosinophil counts and serum complement levels appear within normal range. No protein urea or joint pain is observed, and the lesions can be controlled only by systemic glucocorticoids. We recognize such a urticarial reaction as a different clinical entity than usual urticaria, which is presumably mediated by late-phase inflammatory reaction in immediate hypersensitivity.
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2002 Jul
PMID:Late-phase urticaria Update. 1204 62

Paclitaxel (Taxol) a taxane antineoplastic agent causing irreversible microtubule aggregation with activity against breast, ovarian, lung, head and neck, bladder, testicular, esophageal, endometrial and other less common tumors was derived from the bark of the Pacific yew (Taxus brevifolia). Phase I trials conducted in the late 1980s were almost halted because of the high frequency of hypersensitivity-like reactions. Respiratory distress (dyspnea and/or bronchospasm), hypotension, and angioedema were the major manifestations, but flushing, urticaria, chest, abdomen, and extremity pains were described also. Reactions occurred on first exposure in the majority of cases raising etiologic questions. The vehicle for paclitaxel Cremophor EL (polyoxyethylated castor oil in 50% ethanol) was strongly suspect as a direct (non-immunoglobulin E dependent) histamine releaser. Premedication regimens and longer infusion times lowered the incidence of reactivity allowing phase II and III trials to progress through the early 1990s. The mechanism(s) underlying paclitaxel hypersensitivity-like reactions is still unknown, and clinical data on probable complement and mast cell activation are lacking. The original clinical trial protocols for paclitaxel required discontinuation of therapy for patients who experienced hypersensitivity-like reactions. Here, we review the current etiologic knowledge of these reactions and describe our clinical approach to allow completion of chemotherapy with this powerful plant-derived agent.
Allergy Asthma Proc
PMID:Taxol reactions. 1212 9

This review article will consider some basic aspects of complement biology, address the clinical effects of hereditary complement deficiencies and the role of complement related to host cell entry, pathogenesis of infectious diseases, and apoptosis. The immunomodulation of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders related to complement components, the role of intravenous gamma-globulin and mechanisms of autoimmune urticaria and tolerance will be discussed briefly.
Allergy Asthma Proc
PMID:Complement-related diseases. 1247 41

Angioedema without an associated urticarial syndrome evokes a completely different differential diagnosis from urticaria. This review of the literature discusses hereditary angioedema as prototype of angioedema without urticaria. The review then establishes a differential diagnosis for angioedema, which includes allergic contact dermatitis, connective tissue disease, endocrine associations, parasitic disease, tumor masses, and miscellaneous causes for angioedema. Angioedema without urticaria is a distinct syndrome differing from chronic urticaria. The astute clinician should be familiar with the spectrum of disorders ranging from a functional or quantitative deficiency in C1-esterase inhibitor to a panoply of cutaneous and internal medical disorders. Angioedema without urticaria is a symptom in which there are many different disease mechanisms producing subcutaneous swelling recognizable as angioedema.
Allergy Asthma Proc
PMID:Differential diagnosis of angioedema. 1247 44


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