Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Exercise-induced asthma is a common but frequently undiagnosed problem. The patient may not wheeze, but rather have shortness of breath, chest tightening, and coughing. The coach and the physician must be particularly alert to the signs and symptoms of exercise-induced asthma to recognize this syndrome. Proper conditioning, warming up, inducing refractoriness, participating in sports less likely to provoke exercise-induced asthma, and the aggressive use of appropriate medications allow patients to enjoy sports and compete effectively. A rare but potentially fatal syndrome is exercise-induced anaphylaxis. Accurate diagnosis and differentiation from other exertion-related syndromes are critical, and appropriate precautions are necessary. A third clinical entity, exercise-induced cholinergic urticaria, although not life-threatening, can be quite annoying. Aggravating factors, such as increased heat, compound the problems. In summary, exercise-induced allergic phenomena are common and should be recognized by the practicing physician.
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PMID:Exercise-induced asthma, anaphylaxis, and urticaria. 178 58

Eight patients with cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCL) and five with various other T cell malignancies were treated with mouse monoclonal antibody (MoAb) T101. Doses of 1 to 500 mg were administered weekly over a two-hour period and resulted in one complete remission (convoluted T cell lymphoma) and one partial remission (CTCL). Remission duration was 6 weeks and 3 months, respectively. Frequent toxicities were pruritus, hives, flushing, and shortness of breath. Supraventricular arrhythmias and blood pressure instability were also observed. Complete targeting of peripheral blood T cells was achieved with 1 mg of MoAb in the nonleukemic patients (WBC less than 10,000/microL), and free, bioavailable antibody was present at the next (10-mg) dose level. Even higher doses resulted in substantial antibody excess that persisted for as long as 6 weeks. Serum concentrations of MoAb decreased with increasing number of peripheral blood T cells, and 25 to 35 mg of T101 were required for induction of antibody excess in leukemic patients. Excess antibody induced antigenic modulation, which was of consequence only if MoAb excess persisted to the next treatment. In the original treatment, the rapidly administered MoAb was able to target and remove peripheral blood T cells before the development of antigenic modulation. Antimouse antibodies developed in three patients. Their presence rendered further therapy ineffective and was associated with an anaphylactic reaction in one patient. Development of these antibodies could not be predicted by lymphoproliferative assays. In these assays, however, the T101 protein strongly stimulated the mononuclear cells of the patient who reached the only complete remission of this trial. Immunologic stimulation by the MoAb thus might have played a role in this patient's antitumor response. In summary, therapy with MoAb T101 was specific but only modestly efficacious. Rapid infusion of nonmodulating doses of antibody provided excellent targeting and removal of peripheral blood T cells and might be a valid approach in future trials with immunoconjugated T101.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibody T101 in T cell malignancies: a clinical, pharmacokinetic, and immunologic correlation. 348 78

An epidemiologic investigation was conducted to ascertain the prevalence of allergic events associated with psyllium in a population of health care workers in long-term care facilities, and to determine if a specific brand of psyllium laxative was associated with the events. Of 743 surveyed health care workers who prepared psyllium laxatives for patients, 136 (18%) reported allergic events. Thirty-four of these employees (5%) reported shortness of breath, wheezing, or hives within 30 minutes after preparing psyllium laxatives. Four hundred thirty-six workers who were exposed to the suspect psyllium laxative were compared with 314 workers exposed to other psyllium laxatives for the occurrence of an adverse event: There was no statistically significant association between exposure to the suspect product and the occurrence of an adverse event. These findings suggest that psyllium laxatives are associated with a spectrum of allergic events ranging from mild to disabling.
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PMID:Allergic events among health care workers exposed to psyllium laxatives in the workplace. 361 23

Acute anaphylactoid reactions occurred immediately after initiation of intravenous infusions of cyclosporine in three patients post-organ transplantation. Shortness of breath, flushing, tachypnea, chest pain, pruritus, or urticaria were noted; rapid recovery followed cessation of drug infusion. Subsequently, oral cyclosporine has been used in each patient without recurrence of the observed reaction. The presence of Cremophor EL as an emulsifying agent in the parenteral dosage formulation of cyclosporine is a likely etiology for this acute adverse reaction. Slowed rates of drug infusion and antihistamine premedication may permit continued intravenous cyclosporine use in affected patients.
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PMID:Anaphylactoid reactions associated with parenteral cyclosporine use: possible role of Cremophor EL. 400 35

Stuffy nose, itchy and watery eyes, shortness of breath with wheezing, hives and stomach upsets often translate into allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, urticaria and food allergies. These symptoms present a diagnostic dilemma to practitioners, even when sophisticated immunologic tests are available. Given a good history, however, the most common allergic disorders can be diagnosed and managed by nurse practitioners. In this article, an overview is presented which includes a discussion of four chronic adult allergic problems: rhinitis, asthma, urticaria and food allergies. A review of basic immunological principles is provided. Each condition is described in terms of data collection and assessment criteria. General client education guidelines follow.
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PMID:An overview of adult allergic disorders. 403 19

A 27-year-old woman experienced pruritus, eye and throat irritation, hoarseness, shortness of breath, and fatigue within half and hour of exposure to carbonless copy paper. On two separate occasions, she was purposely challenged in a controlled-blinded fashion with portions of the carbonless copy paper. This resulted on both occasions in contact urticaria of the hand that held the paper and changes in pulmonary function flow-volume loops characteristic of upper airway obstruction. To determine if alterations in prostaglandin (PG) metabolism might explain these findings, plasma PGF2 alpha and thromboxane B2 (both capable of causing these symptoms) were measured before and during the second exposure period. Both PGF2 alpha and thromboxane B2 increased substantially. We conclude that the cutaneous and respiratory symptoms induced by carbonless copy paper were probably related to PG release.
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PMID:Contact urticaria and airway obstruction from carbonless copy paper. 623 81

Hemodynamic changes of 2 patients to a 0.5-ml test-dose infusion of Fluosol-DA 20% are presented. The first patient had the following symptoms and signs approximately 2 min after receiving the test dose: normotensive bradycardia of 30 beat/min, a 35% drop in cardiac output, a 50% increase in systemic vascular resistance, and a 100% increase in pulmonary artery systolic and diastolic pressures. The patient complained of shortness of breath and diffuse pressure pain of the chest. All the signs and symptoms gradually resolved without treatment over the following 3 min. The second patient complained of mild, vague chest and abdominal pressure 2 min after the test dose. The only associated hemodynamic change was a slight increase in pulmonary artery systolic pressure. A 74% drop in the neutrophil count returned to the pretest value in 10 min. In contrast to anaphylactic or anaphylactoid-type reactions, these patients did not have urticaria and had an increase in systemic vascular resistance. Their reactions were reminiscent of those occurring during systemic complement activation. The possible mechanisms and prevention of these reactions are discussed.
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PMID:Hemodynamic profile of adverse clinical reactions to Fluosol-DA 20%. 671 12

Cholinergic urticaria was elicited in seven subjects by experimental challenge that consisted of running on a treadmill in a plastic occlusive suit. A sensation of generalized warmth of the skin was followed by pruritus, erythema, urticaria, and transient respiratory-tract symptoms consisting of shortness of breath or wheezing or both. Statistically significant falls in one-second forced-expiratory volumes (FEV1), maximal midexpiratory flow rates (MMF), and specific conductance (SGaw) and a rise in residual volume were detected. The serum histamine concentration rose, with an augmentation of eosinophil and neutrophil chemotactic activities. Gel-filtration chromatography showed that the eosinophil chemotactic activity consisted of at least two principles. The chemotactic activities are similar in magnitude to those recognized in other skin disorders dependent on mast cells. These observations extend to the lungs the manifestations of a condition previously thought to be restricted to the skin.
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PMID:Release of mast-cell mediators and alterations in lung function in patients with cholinergic urticaria. 735 7

Omeprazole is a substituted benzimidazole that has gained widespread use in the treatment of acidic and peptic ulcer disease. Adverse events with the drug are rare and involve mainly the gastrointestinal and central nervous systems. Skin inflammation, urticaria, pruritus, alopecia, and dry skin have been reported in 0.5-1.5% of patients. To date, no published report has linked angioedema with omeprazole. We report a case of a 34-year-old woman with cellulitis, ulcerative erosive esophagitis, and gastric and duodenal ulcers who developed several hypersensitivity reactions characterized by shortness of breath, wheezing, cough, mild angioedema, and total body urticaria and pruritus. These symptoms correlated with the addition of omeprazole to her regimen and the timing of its administration. A previous case report prompted a rechallenge with enteric-coated omeprazole granules removed from the capsule shell. Recurrence of the adverse events suggested an allergy to the drug itself and not the capsule. Angioedema can be a life-threatening allergic reaction requiring immediate treatment. Rechallenge using omeprazole with or without the capsule shell should be done only in a hospital setting where prompt action can be taken in the event of an emergency.
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PMID:Angioedema and urticaria associated with omeprazole confirmed by drug rechallenge. 815 96

Occasionally, a dental patient presents his/her dentist with a history of hypersensitivity to local anesthetic agents. The symptoms may include immediate reactions to the injection procedure (dizziness, shortness of breath, tachycardia, etc), or delayed reactions to the anesthetic (swelling, urticaria, etc). Although the true incidence of local anesthetic allergy is low, such a history often involves the patient's anxiety regarding the use of the drug in question, and the dentist's apprehension to treat the "problematic" patient. In such cases, hypnosis can play a major role in controlling pain and the associated distress. In the present article, the method concerning the implementation of hypnosis to induce local anesthesia is described and illustrated through case demonstrations.
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PMID:When pharmacologic anesthesia is precluded: the value of hypnosis as a sole anesthetic agent in dentistry. 836 35


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