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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lomefloxacin (NY-198), a new antimicrobial quinolone, was examined for its antimicrobial activities against clinical isolates and clinical efficacies to biliary tract infections. The following results were obtained. 1. The MICs of NY-198 against Escherichia coli (20 strains) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (20 strains) were good and similar to those of ofloxacin (OFLX) or norfloxacin (NFLX). The MICs of NY-198 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20 strains) were inferior by 1 dilution factor to OFLX or NFLX, and against Enterococcus faecalis (10 strains), they were similar to NFLX and slightly inferior to OFLX. 2. NY-198 was administered to 8 patients with biliary tract infections (acute cholecystitis 7 cases, chronic cholangitis 1 case). The results were good in 7 and unevaluable in 1 case because the duration of the therapy was too short. 3. As for side effects, mild urticaria was observed in 1 case and epigastralgia with nausea in another. As for abnormal laboratory test values slight elevations of GOT and GPT were recognized in 1 case. 4. In conclusion, we consider NY-198 is a useful oral drug for the treatment of biliary tract infections.
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PMID:[Studies of lomefloxacin in biliary tract infections]. 276 34

A comparative study was carried out to determine the clinical efficacy of spiramycin and erythromycin in the treatment of acute tonsillo-pharyngitis. Patients were allocated at random to receive either 500 mg spiramycin 3-times daily for 3 days or 500 mg erythromycin 3-times daily for 5 days. Details were recorded daily by patients of subjective complaints such as fever, sore throat and difficulty in swallowing, and objective signs and symptoms of inflammation were assessed by the physician before and after treatment. Results were analyzed for 32 patients in each group and showed both treatments resulted in a rapid relief of their clinical condition in over 90% of patients. Although all patients showed marked improvements, a few still complained of symptoms at the end of the treatment period. Neither treatment regimen proved adequate for the eradication of the initial pathogen identified from throat swab cultures and leucocytosis persisted in at least 1 patient in each group. Seven patients on erythromycin complained of nausea and/or epigastric pain and 1 patient on spiramycin had urticaria.
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PMID:Treatment of acute tonsillo-pharyngitis: a comparative study of spiramycin and erythromycin. 649 12

A randomized trial is described comparing ivermectin and thiabendazole for treatment of chronic infection with Strongyloides stercoralis. Subjects received ivermectin (200 micrograms/kg) in a single dose, ivermectin (200 micrograms/kg) on 2 consecutive days, or thiabendazole (50 mg/kg/day) twice daily for 3 consecutive days. Most subjects (94%) had intermittent symptoms, including urticaria, epigastric pain, and diarrhea. Stools were examined 7 days and 1, 3, 6, 10, and 22 months after treatment. Fifty-three subjects completed at least 3 months of follow-up. Only 1 of 34 and 2 of 19 ivermectin and thiabendazole subjects, respectively, had a stool positive for larvae after treatment. Symptoms were relieved in all 3 groups and eosinophil levels returned to normal in 90% of all subjects by 12 months. Nearly 95% of thiabendazole subjects had short-term adverse effects during therapy versus only 18% of those treated with ivermectin. One dose of ivermectin provides safety and efficacy equivalent to thiabendazole with a much lower prevalence of side effects and, consequently, better compliance.
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PMID:A randomized trial of single- and two-dose ivermectin versus thiabendazole for treatment of strongyloidiasis. 816 94

It has recently been published patients suffering from urticaria or anaphylaxia induced by nematodes usually parasitizing fishs or cephalopode, in whom, Anisakis simplex (AK) sensitization prevalence was detected up to 37%. We tried out a prospective study to evaluate the presence of AK specific-IgE in an asthmatic population, comparing to other group of patients with urticaria. Complaints related to food ingestion were recorded in both, and dietetic measures were advised. Thirteen patients (13/66; 20%) showed AK specific IgE. Nine of them were asthmatics (p < 0.01), and only 4 suffered from urticaria. Four patients, three of them asthmatics, could link symptoms after fishs, cephalopode or, surprisingly, seafood intake, including epigastralgia, rhinorrhea, conjunctivitis, hives, and dyspnea. Atopia was not a consistent status, only five AK sensitized patients also did to common inhalants (all skin prick-test positive to house dust mites). Asthmatic AK-sensitized patients were older than non AK-sensitized asthmatics (46.23 vs 30.1; p < 0.05). The way of sensitization could be inhalative or through digestive mucosa parasitization by live larvae. Possibility that an AK allergen can play a role in adult asthma, should be considered specially in countries with high fish or seafood diet content.
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PMID:Sensitization to Anisakis simplex: an unusual presentation. 915 Aug 40

Human anisakidosis is a parasitic infection caused by the larvae of Anisakis simplex. Classical clinical manifestations include epigastric pain, occlusion, diffuse abdominal pain, appendicitis, and anaphylactoid reactions. Arthralgias or arthritis have been infrequently reported. We present three patients with proven hypersensitivity to A. simplex together with rheumatologic complaints after ingestion of parasitized fishes. A. simplex must be considered in the differential diagnosis of arthralgias/ arthritis especially if associated with urticaria.
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PMID:Rheumatic manifestations in the course of anaphylaxis caused by Anisakis simplex. 963 54

The resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to the chloroquine-proguanil association (C/P) as antimalarial chemoprophylaxis is becoming increasingly common in Africa. Daily oral doxycycline hyclate 100 mg is effective as malaria prophylaxis. But the hyclate salt's adverse effects combined with the capsule's galenic form are incompatible with good chemoprophylaxis compliance. We conducted a randomized group study of 522 French soldiers deployed in Gabon and Chad for 4 months to determine the tolerability of short-term malaria chemoprophylaxis with a 100-mg daily tablet of a monohydrate doxycycline salt compared with a daily C/P capsule. At days 7 and 120, compliance was better in the doxycycline group [respectively 98.5%vs. 73.9% (P < 0.001) and 90.5%vs. 74% (P < 0.001)]. No major event (evacuation, hospitalization) was related to the medications. Epigastralgia, diarrhoea, urticaria, mouth ulcers, sun sensitization and desquamation were significantly more frequent in the C/P group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference for malaria incidence, vertigo, nausea and hair loss. These results suggest that doxycycline monohydrate may be safely used in short-term malaria chemoprophylaxis. With the same efficacy as a hyclate doxycycline, doxycycline monohydrate could be a good chemoprophylaxis for short-term travellers at particular risk of C/P resistant P. falciparum malaria.
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PMID:Tolerability of doxycycline monohydrate salt vs. chloroquine-proguanil in malaria chemoprophylaxis. 1239 May 96

Old generation H1-type antihistamines are the standard therapeutic option for acquired cold urticaria (ACU), but adverse effects are common. New antihistamines are well tolerated but efficacy is often poor. The present study aims to evaluate efficacy and safety of cinnarizine in the treatment of ACU patients intolerant to old antihistamines and resistant to new drugs. We studied 14 patients (4 males and 10 females). Mean duration of the disease was 48.9 (range 7-102) months. Cold cube test was positive in 78.6 % of patients. Cold urticaria was idiopathic in 10 (71.4 %) patients. Cryoglobulins were detected in the serum of 4 cases (28.6 %). Cinnarizine (25 mg t.i.d.) was administered for 3 months, and then it was gently tapered off and stopped within 2 months. A complete or good response was obtained in 8 (57.1 %) and 2 (14.3 %) patients, respectively. Only two patients were unresponsive (21.4 %). Tapering off or stopping cinnarizine was followed by the relapse of cold urticaria in 7 cases (50.0 %). These patients were amenable to a second treatment cycle. Six patients (42.9 %) had a persistent remission. A patient interrupted the therapy because of severe vertigo. Three patients reported mild and transitory adverse effects including epigastralgia, weight gain and drowsiness. In conclusion, cinnarizine at high doses may be considered as an effective and well-tolerated treatment for ACU.
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PMID:Cinnarizine is a useful and well-tolerated drug in the treatment of acquired cold urticaria (ACU). 1260 83

In order to determine the epidemiological factors and clinical symptoms associated with Strongyloides stercoralis infection, we carried out a descriptive study with a control group in the District of Chanchamayo, Province of Chanchamayo, Junin, Peru. Group I (n = 50) represented those individuals with strongyloidosis and group II (n = 50) were those who tested negative for S. stercoralis by parasitological methods. Epidemiological variables significantly associated with group I were: bathing in the river 3-4 times per week, consuming non-drinking water, defecating in the field; and with group II: drinking boiled water, wearing sneakers and living in houses with cement floor. The clinical symptoms of epigastric pain, daily abdominal pain, semi liquid feces, liquid feces, daily defecation frequency, urticaria and nausea were significantly associated with group 1; whereas more solid feces and defecating every other day were significantly associated with group II. Among individuals under the age of 20 there was a higher percentage of malnutrition according to the weight-age index in group I (p = 0.045). We conclude that infection by S. stercoralis should be suspected in persons from tropical areas who are in frequent contact with rivers or streams or live close to watercourses, who have gastroenterological or dermatological symptoms or who are malnourished, especially if they are children or adolescents.
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PMID:[Factors associated with strongyloides stercoralis infection in an endemic area in Peru]. 1721 85

Introduction. The objective was to evaluate the toxicity of poisoning by metam sodium, a dithiocarbamate fumigant, the breakdown products of which are methyl isothiocyanate (MITC), carbon disulphide (CS2), and dihydrogen sulphide (H2S). Methods. This is a retrospective, observational case series of metam sodium exposure cases reported to the Angers Poison and Toxicovigilance Centre from 1992 through 2009. Results. A total of 106 cases of metam sodium exposure were recorded and 102 cases were included in this study. All cases of exposure were unintentional. Occupational poisoning occurred in eight cases. The most common route of exposure was inhalation (n = 96). In 79 cases, the patients were people living near fields where metam sodium had recently been applied. Most of the reported symptoms involved irritation of the eyes (n = 76), throat and nose (n = 65), attributable to MITC. Cough and dyspnoea occurred in four cases but no persistent, irritant-induced asthma or persistent exacerbation of asthma was observed. Sixteen patients at two different sites of pollution were exposed to emanations from the drainage system in their homes following the illicit discharge of metam sodium into the sewers. Most presented with nausea and headaches, but only four experienced eye or throat irritation. A breakdown product other than MITC was involved: air analysis at one site revealed the presence of CS2 (337 mg/m(3)) and no H2S. Two of these patients, who had consumed some alcohol, experienced dysgeusia but no disulfiram-like reaction. The only lethal case recorded was a truck driver who was found dead of acute lung injury after falling into a tank that had previously contained metam sodium. Two patients who ingested a dilute solution, presented with mild epigastric pain. Four skin exposures caused erythema (n = 2), moderate burns (n = 1), and urticaria (n = 1). According to the poisoning severity score, their symptoms were minor in 99% of cases. Conclusion. Acute metam sodium exposure usually causes minor symptoms. They vary as a function of the circumstances of exposure, which determine the degradation product that forms. On contact with moist soil, metam sodium decomposes into MITC and causes irritant symptoms. Under specific conditions, such as a spillage in the drainage system, metam sodium can degrade into CS2 and cause neurological signs.
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PMID:Metam sodium intoxication: the specific role of degradation products--methyl isothiocyanate and carbon disulphide--as a function of exposure. 2174 Jan 40

An 83-year-old woman was referred to our emergency department with acute urticaria and sudden shortness of breath approximately 30 min after taking rectal diclofenac potassium for lumbago. After treatment with adrenaline and corticosteroids, the patient became hemodynamically stable and left the hospital on the next day. She attended our hospital 1 week after the onset of anaphylaxis because of repeated postprandial epigastric pain. No abnormal lesions were found in endoscopy. Radiographic selective catheter angiography revealed chronic mesenteric ischemia caused by atherosclerosis and abundant collateral arteries between the celiac trunk, the superior mesenteric artery and the inferior mesenteric artery. Patients with chronic mesenteric ischemia usually present with a clinical syndrome characterized by painful abdominal cramps and colic occurring typically during the postprandial phase. Fear of eating resulted in malnutrition. She was prescribed proton pump inhibitor, digestants, anticholinergic agents, serine protease inhibitors, prokinetics, antiplatelet agents and transdermal nitroglycerin intermittently, but these had no beneficial effects. It was most probable that this patient with chronic atherosclerotic mesenteric ischemia was suffering from functional abdominal pain syndrome induced by anaphylaxis. Since psychiatric disorders were associated with alterations in the processing of visceral sensation, we facilitated the patient's understanding of functional abdominal pain syndrome with the psychologist. Postprandial abdominal pain gradually faded after administration of these drugs and the patient left the hospital. Developing a satisfactory patient-physician relationship was considered more effective for the management of persistent abdominal pain caused by complicated mechanisms.
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PMID:Chronic atherosclerotic mesenteric ischemia that started to develop symptoms just after anaphylaxis. 2275 90


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