Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 25-year-old man with solar urticaria is described. The action spectrum ranged from 400 to 500 nm. An inhibition spectrum was found to be in the visible light range above 660 nm. Simultaneous or alternate exposure to 'blue-violet light' and 'red light' mostly inhibited weal formation. The urticarial reaction was not blocked by local injection of antihistamines and not prevented by histamine depletion with polymyxin B sulfate. These data suggest that histamine may not play a major role in weal production in this case.
 ...
PMID:Solar urticaria inhibited by visible light. 685 28

In eight atopic subjects wheal and flare responses to intradermally injected horse dander and histamine were determined after pretreatment with 5 mg oral terbutaline or placebo in a double-blind cross-over study. In each individual a dose of allergen was used that produced a flare reaction approximately the size of the ED50 for histamine. Pretreatment with terbutaline was found to attenuate both the wheal and the flare reactions to allergen throughout the observation period of 150 min but only the effect on the wheal response reached statistical significance (P less than 0.01). The responses to histamine were not influenced. In five subjects with cold urticaria, treatment with 2.5 mg terbutaline t.i.d. for a week had no effect on the time period of cold provocation needed to evoke an urticarial lesion. It is concluded that oral treatment with terbutaline may produce an inhibitory action on allergen induced reactions but that this effect is not strong enough to interfere with clinical skin testing and hence the drug need not to be withdrawn prior to such testing.
 ...
PMID:Effect in man of oral terbutaline on cutaneous reactions induced by allergen and cold stimulation. 699 26

The HI-antihistamine chlorpheniramine and the H2-antihistamine cimetidine, given alone and in combination, have been compared with placebo in twenty patients with factitious urticaria (dermographism), in a double-blind, randomized cross-over trial. Of these regimes, the combination was the only treatment which significantly reduced weal size, flare size and duration of weal, compared with placebo, although other treatments approached statistical significance. Continuation of the most effective of the four treatments in nineteen of the patients for a further 3 months without breaking the randomization code provided further evidence of the great effectivness of combined cimetidine and chlorpheniramine. No significant side effects were note.
 ...
PMID:Factitious urticaria (dermographism): treatment by cimetidine and chlorpheniramine in a randomized double-blind study. 701 57

A 30-year-old male developed asthma and pruritus after using an insecticidal spray (Pyrex). The same symptoms appeared with an alcoholic skin disinfectant (M-sprit) and other spirituous preparations denaturated with denatonium benzoate (Bitrex). An open epicutaneous test (20 min) showed wheal and erythema to Pyrex, M-sprit and Bitrex diluted to 2 x 10(-6) mg 1-1. It is deduced that the contact urticaria elicited from denatonium benzoate was caused by an immunologic mechanism of the immediate hypersensitivity type.
 ...
PMID:Contact urticaria and asthma from denatonium benzoate (Bitrex). 721 90

In the previous few years, there has been a startling escalation in intraoperative and radiologic anaphylactic episodes, some of them lethal, that have been assigned to rubber exposure. Immediate hypersensitivity reactions to natural rubber pose a significant risk to patient with spina bifida and urogenital abnormalities, health care workers, and rubber industry workers. It has been estimated that 2% to 10% of physicians and nursing personnel are latex allergic. The clinical syndromes associated with reactions to latex may be divided into three broad categories a) contact dermatitis--limited to skin directly in contact with latex, b) contact urticaria syndrome a broad spectrum of contact reactions including not only immediate wheal and flare reactions, but also dyshidrotic vesiculation, and accelerated contact reactions including erythema, burning or pruritus occurring within 10-30 minutes after contact, c) systemic allergic reactions-including generalized urticaria or pruritus, rhinoconjunctivitis or asthma, as well as the multiple presentations of anaphylaxis. Contact dermatitis reactions are thought to be a T-cell mediated type IV reaction, systemic reactions to latex appear to be an IgE-mediated phenomenon. Contact urticaria syndrome seems to be a heterogeneous group of reactions. Diagnosis of latex allergy is made on clinical grounds, however, history alone is insufficient to recognize all patients at risk, and conscientious testing materials are not yet available. Prick tests utilizing extracts from latex gloves or from raw latex preparation can be used but the specificity of this test remains unknown. Skin prick testing must be considered experimental and should be only done by experienced physician. Serologic testing for latex allergy remains a safe alternative, although the sensitivity and specificity of this procedure is still undefined. Prophylactic regimes to avoid rubber exposure and decrease the antigen content of natural rubber products by the rubber industry should be implemented to decrease the rate of sensitization in the future and prevent allergic reactions.
 ...
PMID:[Allergic reaction to products made of natural rubber]. 785 99

Weal formation in human skin may be induced by histamine, histamine releasers and other inflammatory mediators. Weals occur spontaneously in chronic urticaria, and in response to frictional pressure in dermographic urticaria. We present an improved method for the analysis of wealing in human skin by the use of non-linear regression. The method has the advantage of speed, and by the use of non-linear regression permits the full characterization of the response curves. The time course of histamine-induced wealing is a double exponential function corresponding to the separate components of weal appearance and disappearance. Dermographic wealing corresponds to an increasing exponential function with increasing pressure. The method of computerized non-linear regression is a considerable advance on previous methods for the analysis of urticarial wealing, the effect of vasoactive agents, and their therapeutic action.
 ...
PMID:Characterization and analysis of skin wealing by computerized non-linear regression. 804 24

A group of 46 farm workers (32 men), affected by a recurrent "occupational disease of undetermined origin", underwent an immunologic investigation with a Tetranychus urticae (TU) whole-body extract (TU-WBE) prepared in our laboratory. The patients suffered from seasonal attacks of rhinitis, during the summer and autumn periods, when working in open fields (30 subjects) or in greenhouse flower cultivation (16 subjects). In most patients, rhinitis was associated with bronchial asthma (16 subjects), urticaria (14 subjects), or both (three subjects). Allergic alveolitis or other common allergic diseases had been excluded, and a diagnosis of "occupational disease of undetermined origin" had been made before by other medical centers. Ten healthy farm workers and 10 atopic townsmen were chosen as control groups. An in vivo and in vitro diagnostic trial by skin prick testing (SPT) and serum specific IgE dosage with TU-WBE were done in all subjects. Thirty-six patients (78%) were found to be positive to both SPT and the IgE enzyme allergosorbent test (EAST), with a good correlation between IgE serum levels and cutaneous wheal size. Control groups did not show any reaction. The IgE-EAST homologous inhibition test was positive. The IgE-EAST cross-inhibition test excluded cross-reactivity between TU and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. The TU-exposure test was positive for the 36 patients with TU-WBE-specific IgE. Three patients who were negative for TU-WBE-specific IgE reacted to the TU-exposure test; in these patients, the scratch-chamber test (Finn chamber) with eggs and droppings from TU was positive.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Farm workers' occupational allergy to Tetranychus urticae: clinical and immunologic aspects. 807 67

The effect of topical indomethacin on the weal and flare response was measured in 9 patients with chronic dermographic urticaria. An augmentation of dermographic wealing by topical indomethacin was shown with lowering of the weal threshold from 22.3 +/- 4.7 g/mm2 (mean +/- SEM, n = 9) to 16.4 +/- 3.8 (p < 0.005), but without a change in the shape of the force/response curve. Flare was increased by indomethacin particularly in patients with a greater lowering of the weal threshold. The augmentation of weal and flare by indomethacin in individual patients was not related to the degree of inhibition of UVB erythema in individual patients. These findings indicate that in chronic dermographic urticaria there is an abnormality involving eicosanoid production by a non-cyclo-oxygenase pathway. It is suggested that this acts by augmenting the effect of histamine on a new class of histamine receptor, the definition and antagonism of which should lead to better control of urticarial disease.
 ...
PMID:Topical indomethacin aggravates the weal and flare response in chronic dermographic urticaria: evidence for a new class of histamine receptors. 809 60

Two studies of the additional effect of an H2 receptor antagonist when given in combination with an H1 antagonist were undertaken in dermographic urticaria. Using a randomized, double-blind, crossover design in 19 patients, a combination of cetirizine (10 mg at night) and ranitidine (150 mg twice daily) was compared with a combination of cetirizine (10 mg at night) and placebo. The addition of ranitidine did not produce any significant difference in linear analogue scores for weal, itch or sleep disturbance. There was a significant depression of the frictional force/wealing response curve with an increase in wealing threshold (P < 0.0001) following the addition of H2 blockade. The wealing threshold was 54.7 +/- 4.4 (mean +/- SEM) g/mm2 for the H1 antagonist alone, and 73.2 +/- 5.7 for the combination of H1 and H2 antagonists. In a second similar study involving nine different patients, comparing terfenadine (120 mg twice daily) with a combination of terfenadine and ranitidine (150 mg twice daily), the weal threshold was 59.8 +/- 6.6 for the H1 antagonist alone, and 73.0 +/- 6.4 for the combination of H1 and H2 antagonists. Thus, in dermographic urticaria, adding an H2 antagonist to treatment with a potent H1 antagonist gives a small, significant reduction in wealing response, but no symptomatic benefit. We conclude that involvement of the H2 receptor in this urticarial disease is minimal, and does not justify the use of H2 receptor antagonists.
 ...
PMID:In dermographic urticaria H2 receptor antagonists have a small but therapeutically irrelevant additional effect compared with H1 antagonists alone. 825 54

The effect of cetirizine, 10 mg at night, on dermographic urticaria, was studied in 19 patients. The study design was a randomized, double-blind, crossover comparison with placebo, each treatment being given for 7 days. Patients kept a daily diary of itch and weal severity (100-mm linear analogue scale), and recorded sleep disturbance. The dermographic weal response was measured objectively with a spring-loaded stylus, and the weal threshold calculated from the force/response curve. There was a small, insignificant subjective response to placebo, but no objective response. On cetirizine, the subjective assessment of wealing was reduced from 34.3 +/- 6.7 (mean +/- SEM, 0-100 scale) to 16.8 +/- 4.1 (P = 0.02), itch was reduced from 43.2 +/- 6.6 to 19.4 +/- 4.1 (P = 0.001), and nights disturbed from 46.2 to 8.8% (P = 0.03). There was a shift to the right in the position of the force/response curve, and the wealing threshold increased from 24.6 +/- 3.2 to 54.7 +/- 4.4 g/mm2 (P = 0.00001), but there was no correlation between change in itch scores and wealing threshold. Cetirizine 10 mg daily is an effective treatment in dermographic urticaria, and its usefulness will depend on the prevalence of unwanted effects.
 ...
PMID:The effect of cetirizine on symptoms and wealing in dermographic urticaria. 825 55


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>