Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Toxicity was assessed during and following 186 infusions of various murine monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) in 82 patients afflicted with 10 different malignancies. Doses ranged from 0.5 to 500 mg per infusion and were administered over 0.25-24 h. Reactions of varying degrees were noted in 27 patients (33%) during or following 57 (31%) infusions. For antibodies that reacted with circulating cells, toxicity was seen in 20/82 of the first infusions compared with 0/55 for patients receiving antibodies that did not react with circulating cells. A 25% decrease in white blood cells (WBC) was associated with side effects in 40/66 courses whereas only 9/81 courses were associated with any sort of toxicity when the WBC decreased by less than 25%. Fevers, rigors, chills, and diaphoresis were observed in 21-23% of patients, but only in association with removal of circulating cells that bound the antibody. Presumed hypersensitivity reactions, including urticaria, pruritus, bronchospasm, and anaphylaxis occurred in 15 patients (18%). The two episodes of bronchospasm and single episode of anaphylaxis occurred in patients treated more than once, at least 2 weeks after a previous treatment. There was no clear relationship between dose or rate of infusion and toxicity for these antibodies. We conclude that murine MoAbs can be given with an acceptable frequency of serious allergic reactions and that the biologic effects of specific antibody-antigen reactions may be a more significant source of toxicity for such antibodies.
 ...
PMID:Toxicities and side effects associated with intravenous infusions of murine monoclonal antibodies. 351 99

Delayed pressure urticaria (DPU) is a poorly understood syndrome. We describe 17 patients with DPU. Chronic urticaria was present in 94%. All had negative challenges for immediate demographism and cold urticaria. DPU was induced with a pressure challenge on the shoulder of 15 pounds for 15 min. Average onset of pressure lesions after challenge was 6.5. Lesions were painful, not pruritic, peaked at 9 hr, and disappeared by 24 to 48 hr. Fever, chills, and/or arthralgias occurred in 78%. Positive laboratory abnormalities included leukocytosis in 20% and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate in 37.5%. Skin biopsies of lesions showed perivascular round cell infiltrates and negative immunofluorescence. Urticaria responded to antihistamines, but not aspirin, in 100% of patients, while pressure lesions improved with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), but not antihistamines, in 80% of patients. Both urticaria and DPU were controlled with prednisone, which was necessary in 87.5% of patients. A severe nonremitting course was noted in 7%, 40% had a moderate remitting course requiring intermittent prednisone, and 53% had a mild remitting disease requiring no medication or antihistamines and/or NSAID only. We conclude that DPU is more common than previously appreciated and likely involves mediators other than histamine, possibly the prostaglandin system.
 ...
PMID:Delayed pressure urticaria. 612 59

Thalicarpine, a plant alkaloid of novel structure, was evaluated in a phase II clinical trial. Fourteen previously treated patients with advanced malignant disease were given thalicarpine at a dose of 1100 mg/m2 weekly as a constant 2-hour iv infusion. Common toxic effects included nausea, ECG changes, arm pain, and lethargy; less frequent effects included vomiting, tachycardia, hypotension, pain distant from infusion site, urticaria, chills, diarrhea, and mydriasis. There was no hematologic, hepatic, or renal toxicity. There were no complete or partial objective responses. Although the drug's true response rate in any given tumor type cannot be determined, its absence of activity in man, to date, and the recent closing of its IND, make further clinical investigation with thalicarpine unlikely.
 ...
PMID:An abbreviated phase II trial of thalicarpine. 645 Dec 89

Patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were treated with ICE chemotherapy (ifosfamide 2000 mg/m2, days 1-3; carboplatin 300 mg/m2, day 1; etoposide 75 mg/m2, days 1-3) intravenously (i.v.) during the first 3 d of a maximum of four 28 d treatment cycles. Interleukin-3 (IL-3) was administered in cycles 2 and 4 as a daily subcutaneous (s.c.) injection on days 5-18. Cohorts of three patients were treated at dosage levels of 0.5, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 15.0 micrograms/kg/d. At 15.0 micrograms/kg/d a 'flu-like' syndrome of myalgias, arthralgias and fatigue was considered dose-limiting. Other toxicities were headache, fever, urticaria, arrhythmia, chills and flushing. Subsequently, nine patients were added to the group receiving 10 micrograms/kg/d. 27 patients received IL-3 after their second course of ICE. At 10 and 15 micrograms/kg/d, IL-3 in cycle 2 was associated with enhanced haematological recovery. Depth of neutrophil nadir and days of neutropenia (ANC < 0.5 x 10(9)/l) were reduced in 9/13 patients and in 8/11 patients, respectively. No effect was seen on platelet nadir or days of thrombocytopenia. IL-3 was well tolerated up to 10 micrograms/kg/d when given as a daily s.c. injection. Results suggest IL-3 as a potential adjunct to chemotherapy, and further studies to explore administration of IL-3 in combination with other cytokines in this setting are warranted.
 ...
PMID:Effect of recombinant human interleukin-3 on haematological recovery from chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression. 798 6

A 47-year-old man with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at anterior and medical segment in the liver was treated with hepatic arterial infusion of Zinostatin Stimalamer-lipiodol suspension (SMANCS). After the 2nd infusion of SMANCS, the accumulation of lipiodol in the tumor was not good (Grade II), so additional administration was undertaken at five-weeks intervals. His systolic blood pressure immediately decreased from 120 to 60 mmHg, and he had numbness of hands, shaking chills, sweating, chest pain and numerous urticaria-like red exanthema. In spite of treatment by anti-shock agents such as steroid and catecholamines, these symptoms did not disappear, but antihistaminics greatly improved them without any serious side effects. Because of the remarkable effects of the antihistaminics and possibility of antibody production (IgE) after repeated infusions of high molecular SMANCS, this patient may have suffered anaphylactic shock caused by massive histamine release from mast cells.
 ...
PMID:[An anaphylactic shock case after hepatic arterial infusion of zinostatin stimalamer suspension improved by anti-histaminics]. 921 13

A 14-year-old Japanese girl had a lifelong history of skin lesions developing after generalized exposure to cold air; the lesions were often accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fever and chills. The skin lesions were non-pruritic, maculopapular, erythematous eruptions and were neither urticarial nor angioedematous. An ice-cube test was negative. Laboratory examinations showed marked leucocytosis during an acute attack. On the basis of clinical features, histological findings and laboratory data, although these symptoms were sporadic, the most likely diagnosis was familial polymorphous cold eruption, which has also been referred to as familial cold urticaria. Serum levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and interleukin 6 were significantly elevated during an acute attack after cold exposure, suggesting that both cytokines played important parts in the development of her condition.
 ...
PMID:An unusual reaction to cold: a sporadic case of familial polymorphous cold eruption? 976

Platelet transfusion reactions were prospectively studied in haematology/oncology patients at five university teaching hospitals over three consecutive summers. The initial summer study provided baseline information on the use of premedications and the rate of platelet transfusion reactions (fever, chills, rigors and hives). Most (73%) platelet recipients were premedicated and 30% (95% CI 28-33%) of transfusions were complicated by reactions. The second study followed implementation of guidelines for premedicating platelet transfusions. Despite a marked reduction in premedication (50%), there was little change in the platelet transfusion reaction rate, 26% (95% CI 24-29%), or the type of reactions. The third study followed implementation of prestorage platelet leukoreduction while maintaining the premedication guidelines. The reaction rate decreased to 19% (95% CI 17-22%). For nonleukoreduced platelets, there was a statistically significant association between the platelet age and reaction rate (P = 0.04). For leukoreduced platelets, there was no statistically significant association between platelet age and reaction rate (P = 0.5). Plasma reduction of nonleukoreduced platelet products also reduced the reaction rate. These prospective studies document a high rate of platelet transfusion reactions in haematology/oncology patients and indicate premedication use can be reduced without increasing the reaction rate. Prestorage leukoreduction and/or plasma reduction of platelet products reduces but does not eliminate febrile nonhemolytic platelet transfusion reactions.
 ...
PMID:Effect of premedication guidelines and leukoreduction on the rate of febrile nonhaemolytic platelet transfusion reactions. 1097 14

Infliximab is a chimeric anti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha monoclonal antibody that has been studied for the treatment of Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis. In several placebo controlled, randomized clinical trials and open trials, 771 patients have been given infliximab (a further 192 received placebo). Follow-up for safety has included the time of study (12 weeks after the last infusion), plus three additional years. Acute infusion reactions (headache, fever, chills, urticaria, chest pain) were seen in 17% of patients receiving infliximab compared with 7% of those receiving placebo. While infections were reported more frequently overall in the patients given infliximab (26% over 27 weeks of follow-up versus 16% of placebo-treated patients over 20 weeks of follow-up), there was no increased risk of serious infections. There was no difference in the overall mortality rate between the groups. While low titres of autoantibodies developed in less than 10% of patients, drug-induced lupus was seen in less than 1%, with these cases resolving upon discontinuation of the drug. Overall, infliximab showed an acceptable safety profile.
 ...
PMID:Long term safety of infliximab. 1102 58

INFLIXIMAB: Is a chimeric antitumour necrosis factor-alpha monoclonal antibody that has been studied for the treatment of Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis. A LONG TERM SAFETY: In several placebo controlled, randomized clinical trials and open trials, 771 patients have been given infliximab (a further 192 received placebo). Follow-up for safety has included the time of study (12 weeks after the last infusion), plus 3 additional years. GENERAL TOLERANCE: Acute infusion reactions (headache, fever, chills, urticaria, chest pain) were seen in 17% of patients receiving infliximab compared with 7% of those receiving placebo. While infections were reported more frequently overall in the patients given infliximab (26% over 27 weeks of follow-up versus 16% of placebo-treated patients over 20 weeks of follow-up), there was no increased risk of serious infections. There was no difference in the overall mortality rate between the groups. AT THE POINT OF VIEW IMMUNOLOGIC: While low titres of autoantibodies developed in less than 10% of patients, drug-induced lupus was seen in less than 1%, with these cases resolving upon discontinuation of the drug. Overall, infliximab showed an acceptable safety profile.
 ...
PMID:[Treatment of inflammatory diseases: safety of long-term use of infliximab]. 1131 23

HLA antibodies were studied in 88 patients with chronic hemolytic anemia who received multitransfusions of red blood cells prepared by conventional (PRC-C), inverted centrifugation (LR-I) and leukocyte filter (LR-F) techniques. Their mean age was 8 years and 4 months with a duration of transfusion of 8 years. The patients were divided into five groups: group 1, receiving PRC-C (n=20); group 2, receiving LR-I (n=33); group 3, receiving LR-F (n=11); group 4, subsequently receiving LR-I and LR-F (n=10); and group 5, receiving PRC-C followed by LR-I and LR-F (n=14). The HLA class I antibodies were found in 30 out of 88 patients (34%). All were against HLA antigens commonly found in the Thai population. The patients receiving PRC-C exhibited HLA antibodies of 65%, which was significantly higher than those of patients receiving LR-I (24%) and LR-F (0%). Consequently, the transfusion reactions of fever, chill, rash and urticaria were also commonly found in patients receiving PRC-C (13.4%), which was significantly higher than patients receiving LR-I (0.4%) and LR-F (0%). The leukocyte filter technique has been shown to be effective in preventing HLA alloimmunization and transfusion reactions but the price is rather high. For the inverted centrifugation technique, only transfusion reactions were effectively prevented and the HLA alloimmunization continued to develop. A more effective and low-cost method for the removal of leukocytes should be investigated for these multitransfusion patients.
 ...
PMID:HLA alloimmunization in patients receiving multitransfusions of red blood cells. 1155 99


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 Next >>