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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have previously demonstrated that peanut oil is not allergenic to peanut-sensitive individuals. Seven soybean-sensitive patients were enrolled in a double-blind crossover study to determine whether ingestion of soybean oil can induce adverse reactions in such patients. All subjects had histories of systemic allergic reactions (urticaria, angioedema, wheezing, dyspnea, and/or vomiting) after soybean ingestion and had positive puncture skin tests with a 1:20 w/v glycerinated-saline whole soybean extract. Sera from six of the seven subjects were tested by RAST assay for the presence of specific IgE antibodies to soybean allergens. All patients had elevated levels of serum IgE antibodies to the crude soybean extract; binding values ranged from 2.3 to 28.1 times that of a negative control serum. Before the oral challenges, all patients demonstrated negative puncture skin tests to three commercially available soybean oils and to olive oil (control). On four separate days, patients were challenged with the individual soybean oils and olive oil in random sequence. At 30-minute intervals, under constant observation, patients ingested 2, 5, and 8 ml of one of the soybean oils or olive oil contained in 1 ml capsules. No untoward reactions were observed with either the commercially available soybean oils or olive oil. Soybean oil ingestion does not appear to pose a risk to soybean-sensitive individuals.
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PMID:Soybean oil is not allergenic to soybean-sensitive individuals. 389 82

During the school year 1980-81 a survey questionnaire was carried out among schoolchildren aged 7 to 15 years in Oslo. The survey population comprised 39,162 children attending compulsory primary school. The questionnaire was distributed to a random sample of 1772 children in 81 classes, forms 1 to 9, and the response rate was 95%. The prevalence of physician-diagnosis of current and cumulative asthma was 1.6% and 3.1%, respectively. Of those with current asthma 68% used asthma drugs regularly. Occasional wheezing and attacks of breathlessness were reported by 9% and 4%, respectively. Wheezing and breathlessness on exposure to pollen (4.5%), animals (3.1%) and exercise (5.5%) was reported more frequently than physician-diagnosis of asthma. The cumulative prevalence of either hay fever, eczema, urticaria or asthma was 17%. More boys than girls under the age of 12 had a physician-diagnosis of asthma.
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PMID:Prevalence of bronchial asthma and respiratory symptoms in schoolchildren in Oslo. 400 27

Stuffy nose, itchy and watery eyes, shortness of breath with wheezing, hives and stomach upsets often translate into allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, urticaria and food allergies. These symptoms present a diagnostic dilemma to practitioners, even when sophisticated immunologic tests are available. Given a good history, however, the most common allergic disorders can be diagnosed and managed by nurse practitioners. In this article, an overview is presented which includes a discussion of four chronic adult allergic problems: rhinitis, asthma, urticaria and food allergies. A review of basic immunological principles is provided. Each condition is described in terms of data collection and assessment criteria. General client education guidelines follow.
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PMID:An overview of adult allergic disorders. 403 19

Contrast media reactions may be classified as anaphylactoid, vasomotor, severe or life threatening, and fatal. Anaphylactoid reactions mimic immunoglobulin E-mediated hypersensitivity in that signs may consist of urticaria, angioedema, wheezing, dyspnea, hypotension, or shock. These reactions occur in 2% to 8% of all contrast media infusions. Vasomotor reactions occur in 5% to 8% of patients and consist of nausea, vomiting, flushing, and warmth. Severe reactions during which there is a concern for life occur about once per 1000 procedures. Fatalities have occurred in from 1:3000 procedures for intravenous cholangiography to between 1:10,000 to 1:100,000 procedures for intravenous urography. The pathogenesis of contrast media reactions is unknown, and various mechanisms may be associated with different clinical features. Radiocontrast media infusions can cause rises in plasma histamine and complement activation by either classic or alternate pathways or nonsequentially, yet adverse reactions may or may not occur. Abnormalities in the complement system or an increased conversion of prekallikrein to kallikrein has been demonstrated in some patients who have had anaphylactoid reactions. It is unknown if these mechanisms can explain the pathogenesis of anaphylactoid contrast media reactions. When patients who have had definite anaphylactoid reactions require a repeat procedure, the incidence of reactions ranges from 35% to 60% for intravascular infusion. Pretreatment with prednisone and diphenhydramine has been demonstrated to reduce this reaction rate to 9% in 465 procedures. Prednisone-diphenhydramine and ephedrine have further reduced the reaction rate to 3.1% in 192 procedures. These results are statistically significant (X2 = 5.4996, p = 0.019). Emergency equipment should be available should a severe reaction occur.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Contrast media reactions. 649 Nov 7

The diagnosis and subsequent treatment over a 4-year-period are described in a girl with egg-intolerance. The presenting symptom was diarrhoea but urticaria and wheezing also occurred later on. She was placed on a strict hypo-allergic diet. All food, containing whole egg, eggyolk, eggwhite, or products derived from egg such as lysozym and ovalbumin was forbidden. A number of readily available food products which do not contain these components (according to the manufacturers) were allowed, making the diet more acceptable.
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PMID:[Hypersensitivity to chicken eggs: a difficult diagnosis with a troublesome diet]. 671 Apr 70

Thirty-one patients, aged 6 to 78 years, with anaphylactoid reactions of unknown cause were retrospectively evaluated. All of the patients had life-threatening hypotension, wheezing or upper airway obstruction, and simultaneous angioedema or urticaria. Twenty-six patients also had episodes of angioedema or urticaria alone. In nine patients the initial episode was the most severe. In 16 of 18 patients, medications were effective in controlling or reducing the severity of the symptoms. In ten patients, the reactions were always self-limited and no medications were needed. No deaths occurred in 210 anaphylactoid attacks during 164 patient-years. Remissions lasting more than one year occurred in seven patients. Laboratory studies, food diaries, and skin tests were not helpful in establishing an etiology, although atopy was present in 12 of 15 patients tested.
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PMID:Idiopathic anaphylactoid reactions. A clinical summary. 729 55

Cholinergic urticaria was elicited in seven subjects by experimental challenge that consisted of running on a treadmill in a plastic occlusive suit. A sensation of generalized warmth of the skin was followed by pruritus, erythema, urticaria, and transient respiratory-tract symptoms consisting of shortness of breath or wheezing or both. Statistically significant falls in one-second forced-expiratory volumes (FEV1), maximal midexpiratory flow rates (MMF), and specific conductance (SGaw) and a rise in residual volume were detected. The serum histamine concentration rose, with an augmentation of eosinophil and neutrophil chemotactic activities. Gel-filtration chromatography showed that the eosinophil chemotactic activity consisted of at least two principles. The chemotactic activities are similar in magnitude to those recognized in other skin disorders dependent on mast cells. These observations extend to the lungs the manifestations of a condition previously thought to be restricted to the skin.
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PMID:Release of mast-cell mediators and alterations in lung function in patients with cholinergic urticaria. 735 7

Food allergy (FA) is one of the causes of atopic dermatitis (AD), of acute urticaria, of reactions of the gastrointestinal tract, and of acute systemic anaphylaxis, but its role in asthma appears to be less clear. The prevalence and incidence of subjects with food-induced wheezing have not been well studied. In addition, the number of subjects with proven food-induced wheezing by double-blind, placebo-controlled oral food challenge (DBPCOFC) has been small. At the moment wheezing is considered unusual in food-hypersensitive subjects, and wheezing as the unique symptom of FA is rare. Furthermore, most cases of food-induced asthma have been observed in children. Food allergy may trigger allergic respiratory symptoms through two main routes: ingestion or inhalation. Children with asthma, who are allergic to foods, present some particular features such as AD and a related significantly elevated total serum IgE level. Alternatively, FA may occur in patients who are "high IgE responder" and more prone to become sensitive to many allergens, including foods. Therefore, children with asthma and a history of AD and/or elevated total serum IgE level should be carefully assessed for FA. We have shown that a significant proportion of children with IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy experienced asthma following DBPCOFC with cow's milk.
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PMID:Food allergy and asthma. 754 49

We evaluated the clinical characteristics found in 21 children who showed allergic reactions upon incidental inhalation of fish odors or fumes, from 197 diagnosed with IgE-mediated fish hypersensitivity. Allergic reactions to fish via ingestion began in most patients (86%) within the first 24 months of life. The vast majority (19/21) of patients showed cutaneous symptoms, either alone or, less frequently, associated with other clinical manifestations. Hake and flounder were the species of fish most frequently implicated in eliciting clinical manifestations upon ingestion. After diagnosis, all these patients were placed on a strict fish-avoidance diet. During this period of avoidance, patients reported allergic reactions (mean age 7 years) after incidental exposure to airborne fish odors or fumes. Clinical manifestations through inhalation were respiratory (mainly wheezing) in 12 patients and cutaneous (mainly urticaria) in nine patients. Nineteen of 21 patients reported three or more episodes upon exposure to fish aerosols; in most cases, these episodes occurred at home when other people were eating fish. In conclusion, incidental inhalation of fish odors or fumes could play an important role in accidental and unknown encounters with fish in children on fish-avoidance diets for fish IgE-mediated hypersensitivity. Such exposures could elicit clinical symptoms and could have some effect in delaying the development of tolerance.
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PMID:Allergic reactions associated with airborne fish particles in IgE-mediated fish hypersensitive patients. 874 27

A protocol for treatment of scorpion sting based mainly on antivenom therapy was applied nation-wide in Saudi Arabia. At least 5 x 1 ml ampoules of antivenom diluted in 20-50 ml saline were injected slowly i.v. in all patients confirmed to have scorpion stings or suspected stings with systemic manifestations. A list of drugs was specified to be used in adjunctive therapy, when required. Analysis of 1033 cases at Al-Baha region, 791 cases at Al-Qassim region and more than 600 cases from 12 central and specialist hospitals in the Central Province revealed impressive results. Except for a 12-year-old boy who was inadequately treated with antivenom and died from pulmonary oedema, haematemesis, severe neurotoxicity and circulatory failure, no other fatalities occurred. The incidence of pulmonary oedema, hypertension, hypotension, cardiac dysrhythmias and neurological symptoms requiring drug therapy following antivenom administration was very slight. The period of stay in the hospital was reduced; most patients were symptom-free within 1-2 days. The early reaction to antivenom administration was lower than expected, amounting to 6.6% and 1.7% among Al-Qassim and Al-Baha victims, respectively. The severity of the reaction in both groups was low, consisting mainly of skin rashes, urticaria, wheezing and bronchial secretion, but no anaphylaxis. About 13.8% of Al-Baha victims were previously treated with antivenom but only 1.7% of the patients showed positive skin tests. This might be due to the low protein content of the antivenom and the action of the venom in releasing massive amounts of catecholamines.
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PMID:The treatment of the scorpion envenoming syndrome: the Saudi experience with serotherapy. 780 36


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