Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A research has been carried out on a total of 121 persons with survival post-drug shock (DS), which registered 192 DS. Mention should be made of their predominance in the feminine sex (85 per cent) and their maximum frequency between the ages of 21-50 (average age 34). DS was the first adverse reaction to drugs in 71 per cent of the cases. Therefore DS unpredictability is very frequent. A retrospective study suggested the role of risk factors which should help the doctor to prevent DS (personal allergic antecedents, antecedents of adverse reactions to drugs, neuroses, disorders of endocrine glands, feminine sex, etc.). In 1970, the clinical concept of shock imminence (SI) was formulated and it is applied to various etiologies (drugs, insect stings, food). The existence of SI was identified in the case history of 14 per cent of the persons with DS. SI is a syndrome which includes all clinical manifestations with imminent potential of transformation into shock condition, and represents the stage precursory to the setting up of shock. The utility of SI diagnosis is maximum if it also includes the causal factor (e.g. SI by penicillin or aspirin). The clinical image of SI may vary from the monosymptomatic aspect (urticaria, vomiting, diarrhoea, headaches, etc.) to the one with complex symptomatology (mixed form). Usually the symptoms are dramatic and depend on the administration of a certain drug (often in SI of allergic origin) or of various drugs (mainly on non-immunologic form). The absence of vascular collapse differentiates SI from shock. Differential diagnosis is more difficult in border cases with a slight diminution of blood pressure. SI can be diagnosed especially in several circumstances: when the first adverse drug reaction is dramatic; when the first allergic-type reaction to a drug occurs; when the repetition of drug reactions is amplified in intensity or frequency; when it occurs in persons with risk factors. The differential diagnosis of SI is made with a crude or minimum shock and with pre-shock condition. The advantages of SI diagnosis are the institution of efficient treatment with rapid recoverability and the prevention of subsequent shock to the respective drug.
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PMID:Imminent shock; a useful diagnosis in drug pathology. 1 47

In a prospective study 260 urographies were evaluated regarding clinical compatibility. In altogether 11% of the patients mild incompatibility reactions were observed (heat sensation, urticaria, nausea, vomiting). 29% of the patients with known prior contrast agent incompatibility suffered from anaphylactoid symptoms mostly of a subjective type (heat sensation, nausea). There was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of objective symptoms (urticaria, vomiting) between patients with prior contrast media incompatibility (3%) and patients who had tolerated previous contrast media applications without symptoms (2%).
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PMID:[Risk of incompatibility reactions in the repeated use of contrast media in urography]. 3 85

Results of an investigation of 134 subjects with atopic dermatitis and 29 controls are described. The investigation involved: 1) an allergological enquiry into each patient's medical history, with particular reference to consumption of eggs, milk and fish; 2) a total IgE assay; 3) RAST with egg, milk, cod; 4) a challenge test. Recording of medical histories revealed the existence of clinical sensitivity to egg, milk and cod in respectively 21, 17 and 7 of the 134 subjects with atopic dermatitis, but in none of the controls. In the atopic subjects, RAST demonstrated egg, milk and cod antibodies in 37, 28 and 14 cases respectively, while of the controls only 2 had antibodies--and then in minimal amounts. The maximum incidence of egg and milk antibodies was demonstrated in the initial 3 years of life. Clinical sensitization to cod manifests itself in the form of attacks (urticaria, angi-oedema, vomiting) showing significant correlation between clinical history, results of RAST and the response to challenge, while in the case of sensitivity to eggs and, even less evidently, to milk, the symptoms are more often referred to as "exacerbation of the dermatosis" and the results of RAST, of challenging and the clinical history tend to be contradictory.
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PMID:Food allergy in atopic dermatitis: experimental observations. 8 31

In this review I have described the pathophysiology of allergic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Situations where the intestine cannot be a complete barrier to foreign allergens and antigens were discussed and etiological factors of gastrointestinal allergy were detailed. Clinical features of gastrointestinal allergy include diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain and colic, intestinal hemorrhage and malabsorption as well as symptoms and signs outside the gastrointestinal tract such as chronic rhinitis and asthma in the respiratory system, urticaria, angioedema and eczema as dermatological signs, headache, insomnia, hyperkinesis as central nervous system manifestations, failure to thrive and anaphylaxis as constitutional reactions. Milk allergy was discussed as an example of food allergy. Immunology of the gastrointestinal tract was presented, with examples of four types of hypersensitivity reactions, and gastrointestinal disturbances of immunodeficiency disorders and syndromes were named. Lastly, the autoimmune mechanism and the gut were described, with particular discussion of ulcerative colitis as an example of an autoimmune disease.
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PMID:The intestine in allergic diseases. 78 84

Males react adversely more frequently than females to intravenous fluorescein angiography, as shown in a study of 547 patients. Approximately 10% of all cases reacted: 12.8% of the male patients and 7.3% of the female patients had adverse responses. Nausea was most common; vomiting was infrequent, and urticaria rare (1.1%). Ten males as opposed to one female reacted markedly. More serious reactions did not occur during the 7 year testing period. No apparent cause for the increased frequency in the male cases was found.
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PMID:Adverse reaction to intravenous fluorescein: evidence for sex difference. 93 36

We have studied 50 children suspected to have food allergy. Their clinical diagnoses included the following: digestive trouble (prolonged diarrhoea or vomiting), abdominal pain, repetitive urticaria, angioneurotic edema, eczema. The aim of thie study has been to value the results obtained with the hemagglutination test according to Boyden, comparing them with skin tests carried out through intradermal techniques. 113 hemagglutination and skin tests with varying foods have been carried out. Nearly all the children have been tested with milk, white and yolk of egg, the most suspected foods, and also other foods depending on the data found through anamnesis. With milk (47 cases) we have obtained positivity in 12 hemagglutination tests, and in 3 skin tests. With egg (41 cases) the hemagglutination test has been positive in 14 cases, and the skin test in 5 cases. Conjunctly in the 113 cases we have obtained positive hemagglutination test in 44 cases, and positive skin test in 14 cases. In 65 cases both tests have been negative. This fact points to the necessity to realize other diagnostic tests, as well the possibility that these children have no allergic disease. Summarizing, these results support the superior value of the hemagglutination Boyden test in comparison with the skin test as diagnosic proof in food allergy.
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PMID:[Hemagglutination test and the diagnosis of food allergy]. 124 48

A multicenter study was performed to determine the incidence of adverse reactions to two contrast media with similar low osmolality during cardiac angiography. The study was of a randomized double-blind design comparing ioxaglate (an ionic dimer) and iopamidol (a nonionic compound) and included 500 patients; 250 patients received ioxaglate and 250 iopamidol. There were 58 adverse reactions attributed to the contrast media in the ioxaglate group and 29 in the iopamidol group (p less than 0.001). Chest pain occurred in 11 patients in the ioxaglate group compared with 5 in the iopamidol group (p = 0.123). Nausea or vomiting was present in 20 and 2 patients, respectively (p less than 0.0003). Allergic adverse reactions, such as bronchospasm, urticaria and itching, occurred in 15 of the ioxaglate group and only 1 of the patients receiving iopamidol (p less than 0.0007). Fifty-two patients in the ioxaglate group had a known allergic history (not to contrast medium) or asthma, whereas 77 receiving iopamidol had a similar history. Seven of the 52 ioxaglate-treated patients developed an allergic adverse reaction compared with none of the 77 in the iopamidol group (p = 0.001). Of 41 patients receiving ioxaglate who were premedicated with diphenhydramine, 4 had an allergic adverse event. In the iopamidol group 45 patients received similar premedication and none had an allergic adverse reaction (p less than 0.03). Thus, this multicenter study shows that adverse reactions occur more often with ioxaglate than with iopamidol and that patients with an allergic history have a greater risk with ioxaglate therapy compared with iopamidol.
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PMID:Adverse reactions of low osmolality contrast media during cardiac angiography: a prospective randomized multicenter study. 155 9

Peritonitis following urticaria on two occasions in a 46-year-old white female treated with CAPD for nine years is reported. On both occasions an episode of urticaria and pruritus occurred 24 hr before the dialysate became cloudy, and the patient experienced abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. The culture of the peritoneal dialysis effluent grew gamma Streptococcus with the first episode. To our knowledge this is the first report of CAPD peritonitis preceded by urticaria where the skin findings were most likely related to the peritoneal infection.
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PMID:Streptococcus peritonitis with urticaria. 158 83

The authors analyzed data from two recent articles in Radiology in which the quality and results of randomized control trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy or safety of the low-osmolality contrast media (LOM) iopamidol, iohexol, and ioxaglate with that of the high-osmolarity contrast media (HOM) diatrizoate, iodamide, iopamide, iothalamate, and metrizoate were assessed. One conclusion in the source articles was that no differences were seen between the two groups of contrast media in frequency of nausea, vomiting, and urticaria. However, the LOM group included both nonionic LOM (NIM) and the ionic contrast medium ioxaglate. The authors found that various complications associated with the use of contrast media were much less common with NIM than with HOM; statistically this lower frequency is highly significant. This difference was obscured in the previous studies by the pooling of RCTs in which the less toxic NIM were used and RCTs in which the more toxic ionic contrast medium ioxaglate was used.
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PMID:Miscellaneous adverse effects of low-versus high-osmolality contrast media: a study revised. 291 62

Allergic reactions have been described as an occupational hazard among nurses and pharmaceutical workers who handle psyllium-containing laxatives. This study reports the case of a 38-year-old female nurse who ingested a bowl of psyllium-containing Heartwise Cereal (Kelloggs, Battle Creek, MI) and 25 minutes later developed severe systemic anaphylaxis manifested by hypotension, a feeling of constriction in the throat, hoarseness, dyspnea, wheezing, generalized pruritus, urticaria, and vomiting. She was treated with epinephrine, normal saline, diphenhydramine, and methylprednisolone, and recovered completely. Subsequent IgE immunoblot assay was strongly reactive to psyllium. Ingestion of psyllium-containing breakfast foods by sensitized individuals can be associated with life-threatening systemic anaphylaxis.
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PMID:Systemic anaphylaxis after ingestion of a psyllium-containing breakfast cereal. 186


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