Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A forty-year-old military personnel presented with generalized urticaria, syncope, shortness of breath and headache associated with jogging after ingestion of a taro-filled bun and a red bean-filled bun. Skin prick test was positive for bread, taro and wheat but negative for red bean and preservative. Exercise challenge tests were performed. Exercise alone failed to induce any allergic reaction but exercise following ingestion of a taro-filled bun and a red bean-filled bun induced generalized urticaria. Since the patients stopped taking these types of food, the urticaria has not returned. This is the first case report of food-dependent, exercise-induced anaphylaxis in Thailand.
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PMID:Food-dependent, exercise-induced anaphylaxis: first case report in Thailand. 1245 81

Mastocytosis comprises several diseases characterized by an abnormal increase in tissue mast cells. Cutaneous mastocytosis (CM) is the most common form of mastocytosis, affects predominantly children, and presents as a mast cell hyperplasia limited to the skin. Systemic mastocytosis (SM) comprises multiple distinct entities in which mast cells in filtrate the skin and/or other organs. The diagnosis of SM is based on the presence of one major criterion and one minor criterion or three minor criteria. Major criteria include the presence of multifocal dense infiltrates of > 15 mast cells in bone marrow and/or other extracutaneous organs. Four minor criteria include the presence of elevated serum alpha-tryptase levels > 20 ng/mL, the expression of CD2 and CD25 surface markers in c-kit-positive mast cells from bone marrow or other organs, the presence of a c-kit mutations on bone marrow and/or other tissues mast cells, and the presence of > 25% abnormal spindle-shaped mast cells in bone marrow and/or tissues. Symptoms of CM include pruritus, flushing urticaria, and dermatographism. Symptoms of SM include cutaneous symptoms in association with syncope, gastric distress, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, bone pain, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Activating and nonactivating mutations of c-kit (Asp816Val) are seen in adult SM and in some pediatric CM (Gly839Lys), indicating a clonal dysregulation. There is no cure for mastocytosis but the majority of pediatric CM regress at puberty. Women with mastocytosis are fertile and pregnancy and delivery have been successful by blocking mast cell-mediated symptoms. Symptomatic treatment aimed at reducing the effect of mediators is effective with antihistamines and mast cell-stabilizing agents such as sodium cromolyn. To reduce mast cell burden, interferon alpha, steroids, and purine analogs have been used with varying results. Future directions include tyrosine kinase inhibitors and bone marrow transplant.
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PMID:Mastocytosis: classification, diagnosis, and clinical presentation. 1505 60

Allergic and nonallergic reactions to nitroglycerin occur. The aims of this study were to review the different manifestations of nitroglycerin allergy, to explain how to evaluate for it, and to discuss its treatment. We reviewed relevant literature in peer-reviewed journals, computerized databases, and references identified from relevant bibliographics. Nitroglycerin's most common side effects are headache, facial flushing, head throbbing, fainting, hypotension, tachycardia, and syncope. The majority of reported skin reactions to topical and transdermal nitroglycerin products are irritant contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, and urticaria. Five cases of presumed allergic reactions to oral, sublingual, intravenous, or perianal nitroglycerin products have been described. Patch testing may be helpful in subjects with skin reactions to topical or transdermal nitroglycerin. In subjects with positive patch tests to nitroglycerin (allergic contact dermatitis), transdermal nitroglycerin patches and other topical nitroglycerin products should be avoided. Most patients with contact dermatitis to nitroglycerin have tolerated oral nitroglycerin, sublingual nitroglycerin, or oral isosorbide challenges.
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PMID:Allergic and nonallergic reactions to nitroglycerin. 1691 73

Cholinergic urticaria and exercise-induced anaphylaxis (EIA) are related conditions. Cholinergic urticaria is caused by a rise in body core temperature and usually results in pruritus, skin lesions and, rarely, in serious respiratory and cardiovascular compromise. EIA can result in a cardiovascular compromise and syncope. Ingestion of certain foods may be associated with EIA. A 41-year-old jet pilot complained of 3-month onset of pruritus and urticaria during treadmill exercise. On one occasion, after a routine exercise bout, albeit with pruritus and urticaria, he experienced two short episodes of syncope. Treatment with a nonsedating H1-receptor antagonist was started. He underwent a unique challenge test that we designed. This included passive warming as well as exercising in a hot (temperature of 40 degrees C at 40% humidity) environment. After passing this test uneventfully, the pilot was returned to jet flight with a copilot and, subsequently, to full active duty.
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PMID:Evaluation of systemic allergy in a jet aviator. 1706 75

Idiopathic anaphylaxis is a prednisone-responsive condition without external cause, but it can coexist with food-, medication-, or exercise-induced anaphylaxis. Mast cell activation may occur at night or after foods that have been eaten with impunity many times previously. Idiopathic anaphylaxis can be classified into frequent (if there are six or more episodes per year or two episodes in the last 2 months) or infrequent (if episodes occur less often). Idiopathic anaphylaxis-generalized consists of urticaria or angioedema associated with severe respiratory distress, syncope or hypotension, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Idiopathic anaphylaxis-angioedema consists of massive tongue enlargement or severe pharyngeal or laryngeal swelling with urticaria or peripheral angioedema. The differential diagnosis of idiopathic anaphylaxis is reviewed, and treatment approaches are presented.
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PMID:Idiopathic anaphylaxis. 1749 3

The incidence of severe allergies, especially to food, has increased dramatically in the United States. The number of children who are allergic to peanuts has more than doubled in the past five years. Severe allergies often cause anaphylaxis, which has a wide range of symptoms, including tightness in the chest, difficulty breathing and swallowing, itchy mouth and skin, nausea, hives, and fainting, and can cause death. Preparation and acting quickly in an emergency situation is key for affected children.
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PMID:Preparing for anaphylactic reactions in severely allergic children. 1823 34

We reviewed those paroxysmal disorders of infancy and of the newborn in which the normal process of bathing may be an important trigger. We focused on infant bathing in normal temperature water (37 degrees C, range 36-38 degrees C) rather than in hot water that is above body temperature. Four principal diagnostic categories emerged: bathing epilepsy, alternating hemiplegia of childhood, hyperekplexia and paroxysmal extreme pain disorder. Bathing or water immersion epilepsy was the best studied and is arguably distinct from hot water epilepsy. The paroxysmal episodes previously attributed to aquagenic urticaria may have been examples of bathing epilepsy with a genetic component. Despite suggestions in the literature to the contrary, no convincing reports of bath-induced infantile syncope have been found. The underlying mechanisms of bath-induced paroxysmal disorders in infancy remain poorly understood, but all have autonomic manifestations and some if not all may be channelopathies.
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PMID:Bath-induced paroxysmal disorders in infancy. 1971 20

This open-label clinical study enrolled 10 adults with attenuated Mucopolysaccharidosis II and advanced disease under the direction of the Japan Society for Research on Mucopolysaccharidosis Disorders prior to regulatory approval of idursulfase in Japan. Ten male patients, ages 21-53 years, received weekly intravenous infusions of 0.5 mg/kg idursulfase for 12 months. Significant reductions in lysosomal storage and several clinical improvements were observed during the study (mean changes below). Urinary glycosaminoglycan excretion decreased rapidly within the first three months of treatment and normalized in all patients by study completion (-79.9%). Liver and spleen volumes also showed rapid reductions that were maintained in all patients through study completion (-33.2% and -31.0%, respectively). Improvements were noted in the 6-Minute Walk Test (54.5 m), percent predicted forced vital capacity (3.8 percentage points), left ventricular mass index (-12.4%) and several joint range of motions (8.1-19.0 degrees). Ejection fraction and cardiac valve disease were stable. The sleep study oxygen desaturation index increased by 3.9 events/h, but was stable in 89% (8/9) of patients. Idursulfase was generally well-tolerated. Infusion-related reactions occurred in 50% of patients and were mostly mild with transient skin reactions that did not require medical intervention. Two infusion-related reactions were assessed as serious (urticaria and vasovagal syncope). One patient died of causes unrelated to idursulfase. Anti-idursulfase antibodies developed in 60% (6/10) of patients. In summary, idursulfase treatment appears to be safe and effective in adult Japanese patients with attenuated MPS II. These results are comparable to those of prior studies that enrolled predominantly pediatric, Caucasian, and less ill patients. No new safety risks were identified.
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PMID:Japan Elaprase Treatment (JET) study: idursulfase enzyme replacement therapy in adult patients with attenuated Hunter syndrome (Mucopolysaccharidosis II, MPS II). 1977 89

Anaphylaxis is a potentially life-threatening systemic allergic reaction, often with an explosive onset; the symptoms range from mild flushing to upper respiratory obstruction, with or without vascular collapse. Foods are common offending allergens and remain the leading cause of outpatient anaphylaxis in most surveys. Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) is a plant native to the Andes region, where its root is cultivated and consumed mainly as food. Unlike most edible roots, yacon contains large amounts of ructooligosaccharides. Traditionally, yacon tubers have been used as a source of natural sweetener and syrup for people suffering from various disorders. We report the case of a 55-year-old woman who developed syncope and generalized urticaria after ingesting yacon roots. The patient had positive skin prick and intradermal tests to yacon extract. An open food challenge test was performed to confirm food anaphylaxis and was positive 10 minutes after the consumption of yacon roots. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of anaphylaxis after the ingestion of yacon roots.
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PMID:A case of anaphylaxis after the ingestion of yacon. 2035 31

Mastocytosis is a proliferative disorder of the hematopoietic mast cell progenitor that results from expansion of a clone carrying the D816V c-kit mutation. Based on the dramatic increase in incidence of anaphylaxis in patients with mastocytosis, recent studies analyzed the presence of clonal mast cell markers, including D816V c-kit mutation, in patients with recurrent IgE- and non-IgE-mediated anaphylaxis. These studies demonstrated the presence of an aberrant mast cell clone in a significant proportion of patients with unexplained anaphylaxis, or anaphylaxis due to hymenoptera venom. Clonal mast cell disease should be suspected in particular in patients presenting with profound cardiovascular manifestations such as hypotension and syncope in the absence of urticaria.
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PMID:Anaphylaxis and mast cell disease: what is the risk? 2042 12


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