Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

According to the United States Food and Drug Administration, untoward reactions to capillary hemodialyzers occur at a rate of 3.5 of every 100,000 dialyzers sold. Allergic symptoms immediately after initiation of dialysis consist of burning retrosternal pain, sensation of diffuse heat, cold perspiration, periorbital and facial edema, flushing, laryngeal stridor, bronchial hypersecretion, hypotension, bradycardia, and loss of consciousness. In 1982 Popli et al. reported four patients suffering from such allergic manifestations; three were successfully managed after being taken off dialysis. These investigators thought that inadequate rinsing of cuprammonium cellulose capillary dialyzers was responsible for the reactions, and recommended rinsing the blood compartment with 2 liters of normal saline, and the dialysate compartment with 10 liters of dialysate, both in a single-pass fashion over 20 minutes. Nichols and Platts (1982) (3) reported 15 patients with urticaria, severe bronchospasm, and shock occurring immediately after the blood had been returned from the dialyzer. These authors suggested that the sterilizing agent, ethylene oxide (ETO), was responsible. Poothullil et al. (1975) (4) described a patient with pruritus, severe dyspnea, and hypotension during dialysis. On the basis of a positive skin prick test (dermal reaction to ETO-exposed human albumin) and of antigen-induced histamine release from peripheral leucocytes, these workers suggested that ETO was responsible for the allergic reactions. Marshall et al. (1984) (5) reported that 8.9% of hemodialysis patients had positive skin tests to ETO and that 12.1% were ETO-radioallergosorbent test (RAST) positive.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Three cases of hemodialysis-associated hypersensitivity reactions. 405 93

The subjective side-effects of almost equivalent intravenous iodine doses of the three new low-osmolar contrast media, ioxaglate (Hexabrix), iopamidol (Niopam) and iohexol (Omnipaque) have been recorded and are found to be generally comparable. Urticaria occurred more frequently with ioxaglate than with the other contrast media and there was a tendency for ioxaglate to cause more nausea. Pain at the injection site occurred less often with ioxaglate than with iohexol. If low-osmolar contrast media are to be used in intravenous urography the relative cost of each is important, there being as yet insufficient data concerning the relative incidences of major reactions.
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PMID:Comparison of the side-effects of low-osmolar contrast media in intravenous urography. 406 28

Data is reviewed on premenstrual symptoms which have been related to high suicide and accident rates, employment absentee rates, poor academic performance and acute psychiatric problems. A recent study of healthy young women indicated that 39% had troublesome premenstrual symptoms, 54% passed clots in their menses, 70% had cyclical localized acneiform eruptions and only 17% failed to experience menstrual pain. Common menstrual disorders are classified as either dysmenorrhea or the premenstrual syndrome. Symptoms for the latter usually begin 2-12 days prior to menstruation and include nervous tension, irritability, anxiety, depression, bloated breasts and abdomen, swollen fingers and legs, headaches, dizziness, occasional hypersomia, excessive thirst and appetite. Some women may display an increased susceptibility to migraine, vasomotor rhinitis, asthma, urticaria and epilepsy. Symptoms are usually relieved with the onset of menses. While a definitive etiological theory remains to be substantiated, symptomatic relief has been reported with salt and water restriction and simple diuretics used 7 to 10 days premenstrually. Diazapam or chlordiazepoxide treatment is recommended before oral contraceptive therapy. The premenstrual syndrome may persist after menopause, is unaffected by parity, and sufferers score highly on neuroticism tests. Primary or spasmodic dysmenorrhea occurs in young women, tends to decline with age and parity and has no correlation with premenstrual symptoms or neuroticism. Spasmodic or colicky pain begins and is most severe on the first day of menstruation and may continue for 2-3 days. Treatment of dysmenorrhea with psychotropic drugs or narcotics is discouraged due to the risk of dependence and abuse. Temporary relief for disabling pain may be obtained with oral contraceptives containing synthetic estrogen and progestogen but the inherent risks should be acknowledged. Both disorders have been correlated to menstrual irregularity. Amenorrhea in many women may be precipitated by simple psychological events such as leaving home, while severely stressful events produce a higher incidence. Unless a physiological factor such as malnutrition is operating, menses usually recur spontaneously within a few months. Amenorrhea is a constant feature of anorexia nervosa and may precede related attitudes toward eating and body weight. This syndrome is best regarded as a chronic and often severe neurotic disorder requiring combined physiological and psychological treatment, although some evidence exists to indicate an endocrine disorder. Extensive basic research is needed on the complex relationship between the neuroendocrine system and emotion.
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PMID:Premenstrual symptoms. 473 36

Cefoperazone is a new beta-lactam antibiotic that possesses a broad spectrum of activity against gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Cefoperazone differs from all previous cephalosporins in that it has exceptional activity against P. aeruginosa. The other distinguishing feature of cefoperazone is its high rate of biliary excretion, which will allow for treatment of biliary tract infections. Renal elimination accounts for only 20 percent of the agent's elimination; dosage modification is not necessary in decreased renal function. The clinical response rate of infections to cefoperazone is similar to that of moxalactam, cefotaxime, or the cephalosporins in general. The overall incidence of side effects was 14 percent in U.S. trials, with skin rash, fever, or urticaria occurring in 1 percent; phlebitis and injection-site pain in 2 percent; and diarrhea in 5 percent. As with the other third-generation cephalosporins, cefoperazone requires close scrutiny because of its expected high cost and the lack of comparative trials with standard antibiotic regimens.
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PMID:Cefoperazone (Cefobid, Pfizer). 621 74

Thalicarpine, a plant alkaloid of novel structure, was evaluated in a phase II clinical trial. Fourteen previously treated patients with advanced malignant disease were given thalicarpine at a dose of 1100 mg/m2 weekly as a constant 2-hour iv infusion. Common toxic effects included nausea, ECG changes, arm pain, and lethargy; less frequent effects included vomiting, tachycardia, hypotension, pain distant from infusion site, urticaria, chills, diarrhea, and mydriasis. There was no hematologic, hepatic, or renal toxicity. There were no complete or partial objective responses. Although the drug's true response rate in any given tumor type cannot be determined, its absence of activity in man, to date, and the recent closing of its IND, make further clinical investigation with thalicarpine unlikely.
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PMID:An abbreviated phase II trial of thalicarpine. 645 Dec 89

Hemodynamic changes of 2 patients to a 0.5-ml test-dose infusion of Fluosol-DA 20% are presented. The first patient had the following symptoms and signs approximately 2 min after receiving the test dose: normotensive bradycardia of 30 beat/min, a 35% drop in cardiac output, a 50% increase in systemic vascular resistance, and a 100% increase in pulmonary artery systolic and diastolic pressures. The patient complained of shortness of breath and diffuse pressure pain of the chest. All the signs and symptoms gradually resolved without treatment over the following 3 min. The second patient complained of mild, vague chest and abdominal pressure 2 min after the test dose. The only associated hemodynamic change was a slight increase in pulmonary artery systolic pressure. A 74% drop in the neutrophil count returned to the pretest value in 10 min. In contrast to anaphylactic or anaphylactoid-type reactions, these patients did not have urticaria and had an increase in systemic vascular resistance. Their reactions were reminiscent of those occurring during systemic complement activation. The possible mechanisms and prevention of these reactions are discussed.
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PMID:Hemodynamic profile of adverse clinical reactions to Fluosol-DA 20%. 671 12

9,10-Anthracenedicarboxaldehyde bis[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)hydrazone] dihydrochloride (bisantrene) is a new anthracene bishydrazone derivative which was entered into a Phase I clinical trial (one dose weekly for 3 weeks) because it showed significant antitumor activity in a number of animal tumor models and in vitro in the human tumor stem cell assay. When possible, patients were entered into the phase I study if their tumors showed in vitro sensitivity to bisantrene and resistance to standard agents, using a human tumor stem cell assay. Thirty-one patients were treated with bisantrene over a 10-month period, starting at a dose of 70 mg/sq m/week. The appearance of leukopenia determined the dose-limiting toxicity of bisantrene. The maximally tolerated dose appeared to be 200 mg/sq m in that three of five patients tolerated these weekly-for-3-weeks doses while experiencing only mild or moderate leukopenia. In contrast, the 220-mg/sq m dose caused moderate to life-threatening leukopenia after just two weekly doses in four of five patients. Local bisantrene toxicity included mild to severe arm swelling, phlebitis, pain, urticaria, and erythema in 68% of the patients. In general, these toxicities were well tolerated and rapidly reversible, but two patients had severe local swelling for up to 6 months. In this Phase I trial, bisantrene showed clinical antitumor activity against both hematological cancer (i.e., lymphoma and myeloma) and solid tumors (i.e., bladder, lung, and renal cancer and melanoma). Of importance, four of the six responses occurred in patients whose therapy was selected on the basis of in vitro sensitivity to bisantrene using the human tumor stem cell assay. One patient with disseminated melanoma had complete disappearance of an axillary node metastasis (for more than 6 months) while developing a brain metastasis, suggesting that bisantrene does not concentrate in the central nervous system.
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PMID:Phase I clinical investigation of 9,10-anthracenedicarboxaldehyde bis[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)hydrazone] dihydrochloride with correlative in vitro human tumor clonogenic assay. 703 74

Cardiac involvement in patients with urticaria is rare, but repeatedly assured in publications. Subjective complaints concern chest pain, which extends to the left shoulder and the left arm. Transient electrocardiographic changes can be observed more frequently and they often persist longer than the ches pain. In these patients the most frequent electrocardiographic changes consist in flattening or inversion of the T-wave and depression of the ST-distance. Such a patient is described who additionally showed monotopic extrasystoles.
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PMID:[Cardiac involvement in urticaria]. 739 5

Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) is an inherited photosensitivity disorder producing mild to severe symptoms and attributable to an excessive amount of endogenous protoporphyrin accumulating in body tissues. Following sun exposure, the symptoms are burning pain, edema, erythema, vesicles, and bullare, which at times are hemorrhagic. This condition was first described in 1961. However, some patients previously diagnosed as having solar urticaria, lipoid proteinosis, or hydroa aestivale because of their clinical features ae now known to have EPP. Porphyrins are biochemical intemediates in the synthesis of heme, a moiety that occurs in all living cells and is a basic requirement for aerobic and anaerobic metabolism.
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PMID:Erythropoietic protoporphyria. 742 27

Nine children of the ALL-REZ BFM 87 and 90 trial received L-Asparginase (L-ASP) as a continuous infusion for 48-72 hs (i.e. 25 therapy cycles). Seven patients had had an allergic reaction towards an i.m. application (i.m., 29 therapy cycles). Two further patients got L-ASP initially as continuous infusion. The i.m. applications were carried out 19 times with Erwinia and 10 times with E. coli-Asparaginase, the continuous infusions 15 times with Erwinia and 10 times with E. coli-Asparaginase. In case of four patients continuous infusions of the same L-ASP type (E. coli or Erwinia) was well tolerated, after there had been an allergic reaction after i.m. application. Allergic reactions after i.m. application occurred during 10 courses as local painful erythema, during five courses as urticaria, during four courses as a general exanthema during one course as difficult breathing and during a further course as drop in blood pressure. After continuous infusion of L-ASP urticaria and difficult breathing occurred once and a transient exanthema two times. There was no anaphylactic reaction in any case. These data show that i.m. application of L-ASP causes no life-threatening side effects but allergic reactions (local pain and swelling) which clearly impaired general condition. Continuous infusion is a pharmacologically equivalent alternative with less impairment of the patients' general condition.
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PMID:[Long-term infusion of L-asparaginase--an alternative to intramuscular injection?]. 756 53


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