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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a prospective, randomized study of 16 volunteers, a new galenic formulation of the induction hypnotic etomidate in lipid emulsion was compared with the commercial form in propylene glycol (Hypnomidate). After 0.3 mg/kg etomidate plasma levels (HPLC) and hypnotic effects (visual EEG analysis) of both formulations were almost identical. Onset of action occurred after 41.6 s in the propylene glycol group (group I) and 35.6 s in the lipid emulsion group (group II). The hypnotic effect (greater than or equal to D0) lasted 7 min 20 s in group I and 6 min in group II. Plasma levels in group I decreased from 630 ng/ml after 2 min to 170 after 8 min and 37 after 130 min. With group II the plasma levels decreased from 770 ng/ml after 2 min to 150 after 8 min and 42 after 130 min (Fig. 1). In the propylene glycol experiment, 4 of 8 volunteers reported pain on injection. Within 7 days 4 persons developed phlebitis or thrombophlebitis. One showed signs of an allergic reaction (urticaria). With the new formulation of etomidate in lipid emulsion, neither venous sequelae nor allergic reactions were observed in any of the 8 volunteers (Table 2).
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PMID:[A new formulation of etomidate in lipid emulsion--bioavailability and venous provocation]. 267 69

Clinical details and present day problems encountered in 425 cases of falciparum malaria (PF) are reported. 10.11% had taken chloroquine prior to reporting to us. Parasitic count done in 23.05% cases lacked correlation with severity of disease. Pattern of fever varied markedly but 5.4% were afebrile throughout and presented only with bodyache and malaise. Apyrexial spell was noted in 5.64%. 28.70% had typical facial looks of anaemia and sallow complexion. Cerebral symptoms were noted in 3.05%. Other symptoms were severe headache 33.4%, pain abdomen 3.29%, gastroenteritis 5.64%, jaundice 2.58% and bronchitis in 7.50%. We encountered subconjunctival haemorrhages with purpura and/or urticaria in four cases, symptoms suggestive of shock lung in 3, pulmonary oedema in 2, severe anaemia (HB less than 4 g%) in seven pregnant ladies, extrapyramidal symptoms in follow up period in 5 and congenital malaria in 2 cases. 83.25% were cured with chloroquine and oxytetracycline. 8.47% (who deteriorated despite the above treatment) were treated with quinine for 6 days. 5.17% (with severe disease) were also given quinine as first line drug. 2.82% (unresponsive to chloroquine and oxytetracycline but with mild disease) were treated with pyrimethamine-sulphamezathine combination for 5 days. One case who did not respond to quinine was treated with quinidine. Recrudescence was seen in 3.67% of patients treated with chloroquine and oxytetracycline. There was no case with renal failure, haemolysis due to G6PD deficiency and black water fever. There was only one death (0.23%) in our series. Self-medication, haphazard therapy and the slogan "Fever may be malaria-take chloroquine" can lead to problems in falciparum malaria.
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PMID:Falciparum malaria--present day problems. An experience with 425 cases. 269 36

This article concerns itself with three common reactions (local, toxic and anaphylactic) resulting from insect or arthropod bites and stings. A local reaction consists of sharp, localized pain followed by a reddening at the site, which usually resolves itself in 24 hours. A toxic reaction may include gastrointestinal symptoms, fever, headache, dizziness or convulsions, often following an episode of multiple stings. An anaphylactic reaction may be mild (hives, itching) or severe (systemic reactions including airway and cardiovascular symptoms). Even though most bites and stings are not serious, nurse practitioners should be aware of potential death resulting from insect sting allergy. They should teach hypersensitive patients, or patients with a history of a systemic reaction to any agent, about prophylactic measures. Tables showing the characteristics of insects that cause cutaneous lesions in humans, and measures necessary to decrease the risk of being stung, can be used as learning tools to prevent insect sting allergy. Because of the rapid onset of anaphylaxis, life-saving measures include awareness in persons who are hypersensitive, emergency preparedness and preventing bites and stings from occurring.
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PMID:Insect bites and stings: managing allergic reactions. 286 63

Hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) is a photoactive, oncophilic substance that produces cutaneous photosensitivity as its only significant side effect. Twenty-three patients who received systemic HpD and the usual light-avoidance precautions were studied prospectively to determine the incidence and severity of cutaneous phototoxicity (CP). Seventeen of the 23 patients (74%) reported CP, including three patients (18%) who experienced blister formation. Symptoms of CP occurred for a mean duration of 6 weeks (range 5-23 weeks). Lack of compliance with restrictive photoprotective measures was felt to be a major contributing factor. Other HpD-related complications included skin hyperpigmentation, ocular discomfort, pruritus, pain at injection site, and urticaria. CP and the restrictive measures to avoid it represent major disadvantages of the clinical use of HpD.
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PMID:Prospective study of cutaneous phototoxicity after systemic hematoporphyrin derivative. 296 70

The effect of 900 mg aspirin on persistent itch from chronic dermatoses other than urticaria (eight patients) and other causes (five patients) was measured subjectively using a 10 cm line and objectively as nocturnal scratch using limb meters. There was no change in itch or scratch and it is concluded that aspirin neither affects itch centrally by a pain related mechanism nor affects itch physiologically by cyclo-oxygenase inhibition in the skin.
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PMID:Effect of aspirin on pruritus. 309 11

The porphyrias can be grouped conveniently by their presenting symptoms. Acute intermittent neurological symptoms of neuritis, abdominal pain and psychoses may occur in acute intermittent porphyria, hereditary coproporphyria and variegata porphyria. Increase of the porphyrin precursors delta-aminolaevulinic acid and porphobilinogen may be observed in the urine during attacks (Watson-Schwartz test). Patients with acute symptoms of photosensitivity with burning pain and oedema within short exposure periods may have erythropoietic protoporphyria, with high erythrocyte and stool protoporphyrins, erythropoietic coproporphyria, and in the last few years of life the more recently described hepatoerythropoietic porphyria. Symptoms of chronic photosensitivity include; hyperpigmentation, hypertrichosis, easy fragility of the skin with bullae and subsequent scarring in porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT), with increased uroporphyrin in the urine and stool; variegate porphyria with increased protoporphyrin and coproporphyrin in the stool; congenital erythropoietic porphyria with an increased copro- and uroporphyrin (isomer I) in the erythrocytes, urine and stool; and hepatoerythropoietic porphyria in later life, in which the chronic features are similar to PCT. In 1913 Meyer-Betz injected himself with 200 mg haematoporphyrin. Initially, at the higher levels, the symptoms were those of solar urticaria as observed in erythropoietic porphyria, but after several months became identical to PCT. A comparison of quantitative porphyrin analysis (performed on 323 patients with porphyria) and chromatography provides additional confirmation for the diagnosis.
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PMID:Porphyria: genetic and acquired. 329 37

The patient was a 46-year-old man. His chief complaints were urinary frequency and pain on urination. They first appeared one year earlier. The patient had had a history of bronchial asthma and urticaria. Vesical capacity decreased and vesico-cutaneous developed. The urine sediment contained eosinophils and vesico ureteral reflux was observed. The bladder tissues contained a moderate amount of eosinophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells. The total IgE was 360 IU/ml. The IgE RAST score and immediate reaction to the skin tests were all negative. The Arthus and delayed-type reaction skin tests were positive to various Eumycetees and foods. Provocation tests by eating foods such as eggs, meats, and shellfish reproduced the above-mentioned bladder disorders. The patient was therefore put on a diet that restricted the amount of animal protein consumed except for white meat fishes, and a mast cell membrane stabilizer was administered. The interstitial cystitis improved but the asthma aggravated. The cystitis was found to develop alternately with asthma.
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PMID:[A case of interstitial cystitis that developed alternately with bronchial asthma]. 357 70

Ophthalmological lesions enter in the definition of Cogan's syndrome, associated with vestibulo-auditory symptoms. They are present in almost one half of patients with Wegener's granulomatosis and in 10 to 20 p. 100 of patients with periarteritis nodosa, where they may be the initial symptom. Yet they are seldom described in leucocytoclastic angiitis of small vessels, 3 cases of which are reported here. The first case concerns a 71-year old woman with cutaneous leucocytoclastic angiitis which regressed within a few days under dapsone. However, the drug had to be withdrawn on account of acute haemolysis. Thereafter, new skin lesions and severe pain in the left eye with fall in visual acuity developed simultaneously. Eye examination showed a large, marginal ulceration of the cornea extending to the adjacent sclera and reflecting deep involvement of the sclerocorneal limbus. Systemic corticosteroid therapy in doses of 1 mg/kg/day was instituted, resulting in gradual disappearance of the skin lesions and stabilization of the ophthalmic lesion. There remains, however, thinning of the cornea and sclera which entails a definite risk of perforation should the angiitis recur. The second patient was a 54-year old man seen for fever, polyarthralgia, purpura of the lower limbs and rapidly extending necrotic ulceration of the scrotum. A few days previously, inflammatory chemosis of the right eye had suddenly developed. Under systemic corticosteroids (1.5 mg/kg/day), the ophthalmic symptoms rapidly regressed, but the patient died of digestive tract haemorrhage. The third case was that of a 36-year old woman with urticaria associated with arthralgias and diffuse myalgia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Ophthalmologic manifestations of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Apropos of 3 case reports]. 357 12

The murine IgG3 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 3F8, specific for the ganglioside GD2, activates human complement, is active in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), and can target specifically to human neuroblastoma in patients with metastatic disease. In a phase I study, 3F8 was administered intravenously (IV) to 17 patients with metastatic GD2 positive neuroblastoma or malignant melanoma at doses of 5, 20, 50, and 100 mg/m2. Serum 3F8 levels achieved were proportional to the dose of 3F8 infused. However, serum antimouse antibody levels did not increase with the amount of 3F8 administered. Toxicities included pain, hypertension, urticaria, and complement depletion. All acute side effects were controllable with symptomatic therapy. No long-term side effects were detected in patients observed for more than 14 months. None of the 17 patients received any antitumor therapy postantibody treatment. Antitumor responses occurred in seven of 17 patients. These ranged from complete clinical remissions to mixed responses. The murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 3F8 has clinical utility for the diagnosis and therapy of neuroblastoma and melanoma.
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PMID:Ganglioside GD2 specific monoclonal antibody 3F8: a phase I study in patients with neuroblastoma and malignant melanoma. 154 29

Arthrography is considered extremely safe since reactions to intraarticular contrast media are rare. We have only seen one severe complication in the performance of more than 2,000 arthrographic procedures. To determine the incidence of complications, a questionnaire was sent to 84 radiologists experienced in arthrography. The 57 respondents had performed more than 126,000 arthrographic procedures, and findings of the survey indicate no deaths, three cases of infection, and 61 cases of hives. Other acute reactions included hypotension, seizures, air embolism, and laryngeal edema. Related complications included sterile chemical synovitis, severe pain after the procedure, and vasovagal reactions.
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PMID:Complications of arthrography. 400 60


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