Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

There are very few case reports on allergic reactions to lychee in the literature - so far only in adults. We report on a 12-year-old girl who developed swelling of lips, pruritus, generalized urticaria and dyspnea 30 min after eating a raw lychee. A second event occurred after eating a piece of cake covered with a fruit cocktail. All other foods were well tolerated. In infancy the girl had suffered from atopic dermatitis, which disappeared in childhood; for the previous 2 yr she had presented with seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Upon oral provocation, she developed restlessness, flush, generalized urticaria and inspiratory stridor 50 min after eating half a lychee. The diagnostic work up showed a clear positive skin prick test to raw lychee and specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) in serum to latex but not to lychee. In the cellular antigen stimulation test (CAST) carried out with lychee extracts in several concentrations, the same positive results could be found confirming an allergic reaction. Cross-reactivity of lychee to latex was shown by inhibition experiments using the UniCAP 100-system. In conclusion, it seems worthwhile considering the rare allergy to lychee in the case of unclear food-allergic reactions and lychee should be added to the list of foods cross-reacting with latex.
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PMID:Anaphylactic reaction to lychee in a 12-year-old girl: cross-reactivity to latex? 1200 May 1

The paradoxical acute exacerbation of pre-existing chronic idiopathic urticaria accompanied by intense generalized pruritus, facial oedema, and dyspnoea in a 36-year-old-woman 3-4 h after a single oral dose of 10 mg cetirizine (Zyrtec tablets), suggested the presence of an underlying intolerance reaction. However, a type I hypersensitivity reaction also had to be excluded. Detailed allergy testing supported the view that the patient had suffered an intolerance reaction to cetirizine. This is the third known case of most probably a nonallergic generalized urticaria following the administration of cetirizine, a drug with extensive usage worldwide. However a type I sensitization to cetirizine is indeed possible, as has been demonstrated in this research with the verification of cetirizine-specific IgE antibodies in one of the control sera.
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PMID:Urticarial intolerance reaction to cetirizine. 1207 3

Paclitaxel (Taxol) a taxane antineoplastic agent causing irreversible microtubule aggregation with activity against breast, ovarian, lung, head and neck, bladder, testicular, esophageal, endometrial and other less common tumors was derived from the bark of the Pacific yew (Taxus brevifolia). Phase I trials conducted in the late 1980s were almost halted because of the high frequency of hypersensitivity-like reactions. Respiratory distress (dyspnea and/or bronchospasm), hypotension, and angioedema were the major manifestations, but flushing, urticaria, chest, abdomen, and extremity pains were described also. Reactions occurred on first exposure in the majority of cases raising etiologic questions. The vehicle for paclitaxel Cremophor EL (polyoxyethylated castor oil in 50% ethanol) was strongly suspect as a direct (non-immunoglobulin E dependent) histamine releaser. Premedication regimens and longer infusion times lowered the incidence of reactivity allowing phase II and III trials to progress through the early 1990s. The mechanism(s) underlying paclitaxel hypersensitivity-like reactions is still unknown, and clinical data on probable complement and mast cell activation are lacking. The original clinical trial protocols for paclitaxel required discontinuation of therapy for patients who experienced hypersensitivity-like reactions. Here, we review the current etiologic knowledge of these reactions and describe our clinical approach to allow completion of chemotherapy with this powerful plant-derived agent.
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PMID:Taxol reactions. 1212 9

Exercise-induced anaphylaxis (EIA) is a form of physical urticaria that is induced by exercise. A 16-year-old Japanese boy had a 4-year history of recurrent wealing and dyspnoea after physical exercise such as jogging, playing handball or riding a bicycle in winter. The episodes were not associated with ingestion of foods including wheat or soya bean. A provocation test, with 15 min of exercise and 2 min of cold stimulation immediately before or immediately after the exercise, elicited a weal that was localized to the test area. A challenge test with ingestion of boiled soya beans and exercise did not elicit a weal. Therefore, in this case, cold exposure, but not food ingestion, was essential for inducing EIA. Cold-dependent EIA is different from cold urticaria, food-dependent EIA, cholinergic urticaria and cold-induced cholinergic urticaria, and may be a distinct entity.
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PMID:A case of cold-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis. 1217 15

We report a case of chronic idiopathic recurrent urticaria-angioedema and gastroesophageal reflux disease in a 35-years-old man, followed after 2 years by Raynaud's phenomenon and esophageal dysphagia, recurrent cough and dyspnoea, and after 4 years by systemic sclerosis. A review of the literature and possible correlated pathogenetic mechanisms are presented.
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PMID:Angioedema and systemic sclerosis. A review of the literature. 1219 34

Hypersensitivity to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), resulting in urticaria and angioedema, is being observed with increasing frequency. Prevalence rates range from 0.1-0.3%, which is partly due to the large size of the exposed (at risk) population. Some predisposing factors for these cutaneous reactions have been identified, among them atopic diathesis, female sex, young adulthood, a history of chronic urticaria and the use of the NSAID for the relief of acute pain. The description of two different arachidonic acid cyclo-oxygenases (COX) about a decade ago, designated COX-1 and COX-2, and the incorporation into the therapeutic armamentarium of more selective enzyme inhibitors for the control of inflammation and pain, has led to an improved understanding of the pathogenesis of adverse reactions to NSAIDs. This has allowed investigators to study 'sensitive' individuals to see if they can safely receive these new pharmaceutical compounds. The reasons why some people react to NSAIDs are not completely clarified. The prevalent theory about the pathogenesis of urticaria and angioedema due to NSAIDs in cross-reactive patients assumes that the inhibition of COX-1 leads to a shunting of arachidonic acid metabolism towards the 5-lipoxygenase pathway, which results in an increased synthesis and release of cysteinyl leukotrienes. Although COX-2 inhibitors are well tolerated by the majority of classic NSAID-sensitive patients, cutaneous reactions to highly selective inhibitors of COX-2 have been described in some of these individuals, casting some doubts about the relevance of such hypotheses. On the other hand, in patients who react to a single NSAID and chemically similar products (single-reactors), specific immunoglobulin E antibodies to haptenated NSAID metabolites have been suspected, although these metabolites are not easily demonstrated by means of routine in vivo or in vitro techniques. Facial (periorbital) angioedema constitutes the most common form of clinical presentation, and one-third of the patients show a mixed clinical pattern of cutaneous (urticaria and/or angioedema) and respiratory symptoms which include upper respiratory tract edema, rhinorrhea, cough, breathlessness and tearing. When necessary, diagnosis is confirmed by means of controlled peroral drug challenges done by experienced physicians in the hospital setting and test results are helpful for clinical management, which will be based on strict avoidance, and the use of alternative tolerated medications. This approach is specially indicated in hypersensitive patients with chronic medical conditions who require continuous NSAID therapy, such as those with arthritis and coronary heart disease.
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PMID:NSAID-induced urticaria and angioedema: a reappraisal of its clinical management. 1244 2

We investigated the clinical characteristics and treatment of patients with a distinctive triad of acute infusion-related reactions (AIRRs) to liposomal amphotericin B (L-AMB) via single-center and multicenter analyses. AIRRs occurred alone or in combination within 1 of 3 symptom complexes: (1) chest pain, dyspnea, and hypoxia; (2) severe abdomen, flank, or leg pain; and (3) flushing and urticaria. The frequency of AIRRs in the single-center analysis increased over time. Most AIRRs (86%) occurred within the first 5 min of infusion. All patients experienced rapid resolution of symptoms after intravenous diphenhydramine was administered. The multicenter analysis demonstrated a mean overall frequency of 20% (range, 0%-100%) of AIRRs among 64 centers. A triad of severe AIRRs to L-AMB may occur in some centers; most of these reactions may be effectively managed by diphenhydramine administration and interruption of L-AMB infusion.
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PMID:Triad of acute infusion-related reactions associated with liposomal amphotericin B: analysis of clinical and epidemiological characteristics. 1274 64

Furosemide, one of the most used diuretic drugs, rarely induces type-1 allergic reactions It is included in the non-aromatic sulfonamides but a cross-reactivity mechanism between this group and the sulfonamides antibiotics, has not been clearly demonstrated. A 24-year-old woman, 10 minutes after the intake of one pill of Seguril 40mg experienced oral itching, generalized urticaria, facial angioedema, dyspnea and hypotension. She recovered after the administration of parental adrenaline, methyl-prednisolone and dyphenhydramine. An skin prick test with furosemide (10 mg/ml) was negative. The intradermal skin tests were positive to furosemide (1 %) as well as sulfamethoxazole (0.03 mg/ml), with 10 atopic and non-atopic negative controls. The patient rejected the performance of an oral challenge test with sulfamethoxazole. IgE-mediated reactions to furosemide are infrequent, but it could be the cause of life-threatening reactions. We have reported a case of anaphylaxis after the oral administration of furosemide with a demonstrated hypersensitivity mechanism through the positive intradermal skin test. The previous administration of the drug could probably the mechanism of sensitization, but the positive intradermal test to sulfamethoxazole would open the hypothesis of a cross-reactivity between non-aromatic and antimicrobial sulfonamides. It could be necessary an oral challenge test with furosemide in allergic patients to sulfamides.
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PMID:Anaphylaxis to oral furosemide. 1467 Feb 91

A 30-year-old female with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) underwent catheter ablation. About 30 minutes later, urticaria and dyspnea occurred suddenly. Blood pressure decreased to 62/41 mmHg, and she fell into the state of anaphylactic shock. She recovered within one hour following treatment. We initially suspected the onset of anaphylaxis was caused by either the local anesthetic or the intravenous antibiotic administered. Following thorough investigation (skin tests and challenge tests), we concluded that the anaphylaxis was not drug induced. Subsequently, we suspected latex allergy. Skin prick test showed a positive reaction to rubber gloves. The specific test for IgE antibody against latex was positive at 10.8 UA/ml. From these results, anaphylactic shock caused by latex (probably medical gloves) was diagnosed. Doctors should take preventive measures against latex allergy not only in operating rooms but also during minor treatments. It is possible that latex allergy is responsible for some cases of anaphylaxis of unknown origin.
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PMID:[A case of latex allergy suspected drug allergy]. 1476 29

The subject was a 34-year-old female with asthma and atopic dermatitis who had previously undergone a Cesarean section. In December 1995, the patient had an acute abdominal pain, so she underwent a barium enema examination. During the procedure, severe anaphylactic shock developed, and the examination was stopped. The patient responded well to appropriate emergency therapy, and her symptoms were resolved. However, the woman visited our outpatient clinic because the symptoms of her atopic dermatitis got worse. She indicated that she felt itchy when using rubber gloves. Also, at the age of thirty, she had urticaria and dyspnea after drinking a glass of fruit juice. Subsequently radioallergosorbent testing demonstrated the presence of specific IgEs against latex, banana, kiwi, grapefruit, and avocado. Skin prick tests were positive for banana, grapefruit, avocado, and latex extract at a dilution of 1:1000. A scratch test was positive to an extract of a balloon catheter which included 0.3 microg/g latex proteins by the LEAP method. In conclusion, the patient was diagnosed with an anaphylaxis to the latex contained in a balloon catheter used for the barium enema.
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PMID:[A case of the latex-induced anaphylaxis by contact with barium enema catheter]. 1476 30


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