Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Allergic and pseudoallergic reactions caused by foods respectively food-additives present cutaneous (urticaria, erythrodermia), gastrointestinal (nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea) and respiratory symptoms (allergic bronchial asthma). The anaphylactic shock is the most severe manifestation. Exact diagnosis is based on anamnesis, skin-tests, laboratory investigations, dietetic test procedures and oral provocation. In allergic and pseudoallergic reactions the adequate therapy is the avoidance of the causative agent (diet).
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PMID:[Food allergies and pseudo-allergies--mechanism, clinical aspects and diagnosis]. 219 98

In a national study of almost 7000 primary school children, parents' perceptions were used to test the hypothesis that the child's irritability was associated with food intolerance independently of other symptoms. After adjustment in a multiple regression analysis for asthma or wheeze, cough, eczema, hives, diarrhoea and vomiting, rhinitis, hay fever and headache, and the social factors of father's social class, maternal education and maternal age, a highly significant association between perception of food intolerance and irritability (P less than 0.001) remained. Though we cannot rule out that irritable children's parents could be biased towards diagnosing food intolerance the possibility that some children do have behavioural disturbance associated with reactions to food needs to be explored further, preferably with a double blind challenge assessment.
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PMID:Associations of excessive irritability with common illnesses and food intolerance. 236 72

We report a case of nearly fatal cardiovascular collapse attributable to an idiopathic anaphylactic reaction in a 76-year-old man. The event began with gastrointestinal symptoms of abdominal cramps, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting as manifestations of IA. The patient subsequently progressed to develop urticaria, flushing, cardiovascular symptoms of chest pain, hypotension, and eventually cardiovascular collapse and myocardial infarction over a five-hour interval. This case emphasizes that the potential for life-threatening cardiovascular events from IA exists in patients without previously defined cardiac risk factors.
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PMID:Nearly fatal idiopathic anaphylactic reaction resulting in cardiovascular collapse and myocardial infarction. 237 90

An immediate hypersensitivity reaction to seminal fluid is an uncommon but well recognized condition. We describe a young woman who developed haemorrhagic proctitis, arthralgia and urticaria on honeymoon. Investigations suggested an immune complex (type III) hypersensitivity. It subsequently became clear that her symptoms were temporally related to sexual intercourse. After 8 hours she developed nasal congestion and urticaria followed by migratory arthralgia and periorbital oedema. Over the ensuing 24 hours she had diarrhoea, occasionally with blood. She became breathless and had evidence of a restrictive ventilatory defect. These symptoms improved over 4-5 days. Further in vitro investigations were inconclusive but intradermal skin testing with seminal plasma led to recurrence of all her symptoms. Symptoms ceased with condom usage, and the condition abated over 2 years. This patient is unique in that seminal fluid hypersensitivity appears to have produced a type III immune response.
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PMID:A new manifestation of seminal fluid hypersensitivity. 238 41

A total of 65 patients with food allergy which manifested primarily by disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, bronchi and skin were placed under observation. The patients were administered sodium chromoglycate (nalcrom) per os in a dose of 200 mg 4 times a day for 2-3 weeks, in part of cases up to 3 months and even up to 1-1.5 year. The skin manifestations of allergy (pruritus, urticaria, Quincke's edema, and eczematous rash), abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, bronchospasm, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis disappeared. At the same time the majority of the patients demonstrated the reduction of the intensity of skin responses to the administration of different food antigens, the decrease of the antibody titer in blood serum in response to food antigens, and of the IgE content in blood. The side effects (nausea, heartburn, intensification of skin itch and abdominal pain) were noted in 4 cases.
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PMID:[Treatment of patients with food allergy using Nalcrom]. 249 73

The case of a 17 year old patient with severe course of toxocariasis is reported. Over a period of 6 months the patient developed signs of serious systemic condition with fever, respiratory infections, diarrhea, urticaria, weight loss, and muscular atrophies. The most remarkable organ derangements involved bilateral exudative neuroretinitis, severe degree of peripheral motoneuron derangement, and grave kidney damage with developing polyuria, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis and therapeutically hardly tractable hypertension. The most important laboratory findings were high erythrocyte sedimentation, absolute and relative eosinophilia, and hypergammaglobulinemia. Serological examination exhibited weak larval toxocariasis positivity. Treatment with Mintezol and subsequent administration of prednisone resulted in complete restoration of the clinical state, including organ and laboratory manifestations. The reported case documents the occurrence of larval toxocariasis in our population as well as the possibility of a very severe course of this parasitic infection in man. The therapeutic effect is remarkable since literary data have so far reported mostly unsatisfactory results of toxocariasis treatment.
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PMID:[Larval toxocariasis--a severe course of the manifest infection]. 259 Aug 55

A total of 754 patients were treated intravenously with sulbactam/ampicillin, in a clinical trial to determine the efficacy and safety of the drug. The majority of patients were treated with 3 g/day by intravenous infusion for 4 to 14 days. Clinical response was evaluated in 689 of 754 patients. In the treatment of respiratory and urinary tract infections, efficacy was 82.5% and 77.1%, respectively. Overall, sulbactam/ampicillin was effective in 80.4% of all evaluable patients. Of 175 patients who failed to respond to prior antibiotic therapy, 135 patients (77.1%) were effectively treated with sulbactam/ampicillin. The overall bacteriological eradication rate was 91.8% against Gram-positive organisms, 75.9% against Gram-negative organisms, and 90% against anaerobes. In addition, 166 of 221 strains that were beta-lactamase producers were eradicated after treatment with sulbactam/ampicillin. Side effects such as rash, fever, itching, urticaria, and diarrhea occurred in only 2.65%, 20 of 754 cases. Laboratory abnormalities were similar to those reported for other beta-lactam antibiotics, including increases in levels of SGOT (4.9%), SGPT (5.7%), and eosinophilia (3.4%) counts. The study showed that sulbactam/ampicillin has a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms as well as anaerobes. There was a high degree of safety. Thus, sulbactam/ampicillin is effective and safe as a treatment for medical, surgical, urological, and gynecological infections.
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PMID:Clinical evaluation of sulbactam/ampicillin in Japan. 268 16

Histamine poisoning results from the consumption of foods, typically certain types of fish and cheeses, that contain unusually high levels of histamine. Spoiled fish of the families, Scombridae and Scomberesocidae (e.g. tuna, mackerel, bonito), are commonly implicated in incidents of histamine poisoning, which leads to the common usage of the term, "scombroid fish poisoning", to describe this illness. However, certain non-scombroid fish, most notably mahi-mahi, bluefish, and sardines, when spoiled are also commonly implicated in histamine poisoning. Also, on rare occasions, cheeses especially Swiss cheese, can be implicated in histamine poisoning. The symptoms of histamine poisoning generally resemble the symptoms encountered with IgE-mediated food allergies. The symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, an oral burning sensation or peppery taste, hives, itching, red rash, and hypotension. The onset of the symptoms usually occurs within a few minutes after ingestion of the implicated food, and the duration of symptoms ranges from a few hours to 24 h. Antihistamines can be used effectively to treat this intoxication. Histamine is formed in foods by certain bacteria that are able to decarboxylate the amino acid, histidine. However, foods containing unusually high levels of histamine may not appear to be outwardly spoiled. Foods with histamine concentrations exceeding 50 mg per 100 g of food are generally considered to be hazardous. Histamine formation in fish can be prevented by proper handling and refrigerated storage while the control of histamine formation in cheese seems dependent on insuring that histamine-producing bacteria are not present in significant numbers in the raw milk.
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PMID:Histamine poisoning (scombroid fish poisoning): an allergy-like intoxication. 268 58

A single-blind, parallel, randomized study comparing the efficacy of furazolidone and ampicillin in the treatment of children with acute invasive diarrhea was conducted among outpatients at the Hospital General de Ciudad Nezahualcoyotl in Mexico between August 1986 and October 1987. Seventy-eight patients were admitted to the study; 39 were randomized to receive furazolidone (5 mg/kg/day for 5 days), and 39 were randomized to receive ampicillin (100 mg/kg/day for 5 days). The enteropathogens Shigella sp, Salmonella sp, and Escherichia coli were isolated in 87.2% of the initial stool cultures. A preliminary assessment of the patients' clinical status was made on day 3. At that time 97.4% of furazolidone patients had improved, compared with 65.7% of patients in the ampicillin group (p = 0.002). At the end of the treatment period (day 6), 100% of evaluable patients treated with furazolidone had a negative stool culture, compared with 71% of evaluable patients treated with ampicillin (p = 0.002). Both absence of watery stools by day 5 and a negative day 6 stool culture determined treatment success. Overall, there was a greater percentage of treatment successes in the furazolidone group than in the ampicillin group (92.3% versus 51.3%, p = 0.001). Tolerance to both drugs was very good. One patient treated with ampicillin developed urticaria, which required discontinuation of treatment; the reaction resolved spontaneously after treatment discontinuation. No adverse reactions were reported in the furazolidone group. The results of this study showed that furazolidone was more effective than ampicillin in the treatment of acute invasive diarrhea. It is suggested that furazolidone should be the treatment of choice for this disease.
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PMID:A comparison of furazolidone and ampicillin in the treatment of invasive diarrhea. 269 44

We assessed the relationships of clinical symptoms and serum antibody levels during follow-up of 47 patients, aged 3 to 66 months, who were shown by formal milk challenge to have cow milk allergy. Three groups of patients were identified. Group 1 patients (n = 15) were sensitized to IgE and responded rapidly to small volumes of milk with urticaria, an exacerbation of eczema, wheeze, or vomiting. In the second group (n = 24), symptoms of milk enteropathy (vomiting and diarrhea) developed between 1 and 20 hours after milk ingestion. In the group 3 patients (n = 8), coughing, diarrhea, eczematoid rashes, or a combination of these developed more than 20 hours after normal volumes of milk were given. Serum levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE and of milk-specific anti-cow milk antibodies of these isotypes were measured initially and then at a median follow-up time of 16 months (range 6 to 39 months). In this investigation, changes in these immunologic measures during the study period were related to whether or not clinical tolerance to cow milk was achieved. At follow-up, six patients from group 1, ten from group 2, and two from group 3 were milk tolerant. No consistent change in any of the immunologic measurements was associated with remission of the disease. These findings raise the question of whether acquisition of clinical tolerance to cow milk in cow milk allergy can be attributed solely to immunologic events.
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PMID:Recovery from milk allergy in early childhood: antibody studies. 271 89


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