Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A research has been carried out on a total of 121 persons with survival post-drug shock (DS), which registered 192 DS. Mention should be made of their predominance in the feminine sex (85 per cent) and their maximum frequency between the ages of 21-50 (average age 34). DS was the first adverse reaction to drugs in 71 per cent of the cases. Therefore DS unpredictability is very frequent. A retrospective study suggested the role of risk factors which should help the doctor to prevent DS (personal allergic antecedents, antecedents of adverse reactions to drugs, neuroses, disorders of endocrine glands, feminine sex, etc.). In 1970, the clinical concept of shock imminence (SI) was formulated and it is applied to various etiologies (drugs, insect stings, food). The existence of SI was identified in the case history of 14 per cent of the persons with DS. SI is a syndrome which includes all clinical manifestations with imminent potential of transformation into shock condition, and represents the stage precursory to the setting up of shock. The utility of SI diagnosis is maximum if it also includes the causal factor (e.g. SI by penicillin or aspirin). The clinical image of SI may vary from the monosymptomatic aspect (urticaria, vomiting, diarrhoea, headaches, etc.) to the one with complex symptomatology (mixed form). Usually the symptoms are dramatic and depend on the administration of a certain drug (often in SI of allergic origin) or of various drugs (mainly on non-immunologic form). The absence of vascular collapse differentiates SI from shock. Differential diagnosis is more difficult in border cases with a slight diminution of blood pressure. SI can be diagnosed especially in several circumstances: when the first adverse drug reaction is dramatic; when the first allergic-type reaction to a drug occurs; when the repetition of drug reactions is amplified in intensity or frequency; when it occurs in persons with risk factors. The differential diagnosis of SI is made with a crude or minimum shock and with pre-shock condition. The advantages of SI diagnosis are the institution of efficient treatment with rapid recoverability and the prevention of subsequent shock to the respective drug.
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PMID:Imminent shock; a useful diagnosis in drug pathology. 1 47

Two patients with typical Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) developed an accelerated phase of the disease characterized by an increase white blood cell count and marked basophilia in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. Histamine levels were extremely high in both patients. Hyperhistaminaemia was manifested as wheezing, urticaria, diarrhoea, and pruritus in one patient and as peptic ulcer disease and peripheral oedema in both patients. In one case, gastric acid studies revealed a very high basal to stimulated ratio (BAO/MAO). Treatment with the investigational agent metiamide, an H2 receptor histamine antagonist, resulted in marked improvement in symptoms and reduction in gastric acid output. Extreme basophilia in CGL may be associated with hyperhistaminaemia, and manifestations of both the H1 and H2 type may occur.
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PMID:Basophilic chronic granulocytic leukaemia with hyperhistaminaemia. 26 9

During 10 years 1063 patients were treated with lincomycin used parentally or orally at the N. N. Priorov Central Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedy. The doses and the rate of its use depended on the state of the patient, its age and weight. Lincomycin was used for the treatment of patients with osteomyelitis or purulent wound infection, as well as for prophylaxis of suppuration. The drug was used for a long period of time under conditions of the same hospital, and it was shown that it remained up to the present days highly effective in therapy of infections and especially bone infections caused by staphylococci sensitive to it. The 10-year study of staphylococcal sensitivity to lincomycin revealed an insignificant increase in the development of resistance to it. The paper presents data on the importance of adequate surgical interventions in addition to the antibiotic therapy in cases with bone infections. A possibility of lincomycin combined use with other antibiotics and gentamicin or kanamycin in particular was shown. Complications, such as diarrhea and urticaria were registered in 11 patients.
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PMID:[Results of 10 years of use of lincomycin (1966-1976) in the clinics of the N. N. Priorov Central Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics]. 34 62

In this review I have described the pathophysiology of allergic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Situations where the intestine cannot be a complete barrier to foreign allergens and antigens were discussed and etiological factors of gastrointestinal allergy were detailed. Clinical features of gastrointestinal allergy include diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain and colic, intestinal hemorrhage and malabsorption as well as symptoms and signs outside the gastrointestinal tract such as chronic rhinitis and asthma in the respiratory system, urticaria, angioedema and eczema as dermatological signs, headache, insomnia, hyperkinesis as central nervous system manifestations, failure to thrive and anaphylaxis as constitutional reactions. Milk allergy was discussed as an example of food allergy. Immunology of the gastrointestinal tract was presented, with examples of four types of hypersensitivity reactions, and gastrointestinal disturbances of immunodeficiency disorders and syndromes were named. Lastly, the autoimmune mechanism and the gut were described, with particular discussion of ulcerative colitis as an example of an autoimmune disease.
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PMID:The intestine in allergic diseases. 78 84

We have studied 50 children suspected to have food allergy. Their clinical diagnoses included the following: digestive trouble (prolonged diarrhoea or vomiting), abdominal pain, repetitive urticaria, angioneurotic edema, eczema. The aim of thie study has been to value the results obtained with the hemagglutination test according to Boyden, comparing them with skin tests carried out through intradermal techniques. 113 hemagglutination and skin tests with varying foods have been carried out. Nearly all the children have been tested with milk, white and yolk of egg, the most suspected foods, and also other foods depending on the data found through anamnesis. With milk (47 cases) we have obtained positivity in 12 hemagglutination tests, and in 3 skin tests. With egg (41 cases) the hemagglutination test has been positive in 14 cases, and the skin test in 5 cases. Conjunctly in the 113 cases we have obtained positive hemagglutination test in 44 cases, and positive skin test in 14 cases. In 65 cases both tests have been negative. This fact points to the necessity to realize other diagnostic tests, as well the possibility that these children have no allergic disease. Summarizing, these results support the superior value of the hemagglutination Boyden test in comparison with the skin test as diagnosic proof in food allergy.
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PMID:[Hemagglutination test and the diagnosis of food allergy]. 124 48

To evaluate humoral (IgE antibodies) and clinical (positive challenge test) soy hypersensitivity prevalence, we studied 317 children (271 boys and 100 girls) with a median age of 5 months (range 1-120) who visited the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology of the Pediatric Department of the University of Roma "La Sapienza" because of histories and symptoms suggestive of food allergy. Atopic dermatitis (AD) was present in 247/317 children (78%), diarrhea in 19 (6%), urticaria in 22 (7%), and rhinitis and/or asthma in 29 (9%). All children underwent diagnostic procedures including family and personal history, physical examination, PRIST, and RAST to cows milk (CM), egg, wheat, soy, and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dpt). Open challenge tests to soy were performed in the hospital under observation and with emergency equipment at hand. The prevalence of humoral sensitization to CM was 54%, to egg 46%, to Dpt 35%, to wheat 24%, and to soy 22%. Only five children had IgE only to soy; six to soy and egg; and 58 to soy, CM, and egg. Only ten children (3%) had positive challenge to soy and only five of them had IgE to soy. RAST had a sensitivity of 0.69, a specificity of 0.83, a negative predictive value of 0.77, and a positive predictive value of only 0.06.
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PMID:Soy hypersensitivity in children with food allergy. 138 Jul 84

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a relatively uncommon disease of unknown etiology. Eosinophilic ascites resulting from significant serosal involvement is the rarest clinical subtype. The case reported here is of a 30-year-old male presenting with abdominal pain, diarrhea, and ascites. His personal history included childhood asthma, allergic rhinitis, and recurrent urticaria. The clinical picture was characterized by peripheral eosinophilia and eosinophilic infiltrates of the stomach and small bowel. Computed tomogram (CT) of the abdomen showed generalized thickening of the gastric and small bowel wall. Paracentesis revealed exudative ascites rich in eosinophils. The patient experienced an impressive response to steroid therapy.
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PMID:Eosinophilic gastroenteritis with eosinophilic ascites: report of a case. 198 80

Food allergies are not a phenomenon of our time. The public and published opinion characterize food allergies as an accompanying symptom of our modern industrial society. However, many years before our time, Hippocrates (400 B.C.) and Lucrezius (1. Century A.D.) had described symptoms of illness which seemed to be due to food-allergies and intolerances. Today, allergies (especially food allergies) are often depicted as having increased excessively and that this increase seems to result from harmful substances in the environment, residues, food additives or may even be due to food manufacturing processes. It is estimated that the frequency of all types of allergic illnesses at this time in West-Germany is between 10-20 percent. Taking into consideration all degrees of difficulty, the number of people with food allergies lies under 10 percent of the population, although exact numbers in this area are missing. It is undisputed that food allergies are induced as a result of some of the foreign substances mentioned. However, the predominant share of food allergies occur as a result of natural food substances. The trend towards less processed foods has especially increased the risk of food allergies, since for example unmodified protein may contain more possible allergens than the corresponding protein which has been denatured by heating. The wide distribution of "new" foods from exotic countries and the enormous expansion in the variety of seasonings is also thought of as a cause for many allergies. One cause for more allergens reaching our abundantly set tables is the increased distribution and range of products resulting from expansion of national and international trade. Allergy, which to some extent is due to a malfunctioning immune system, activates certain defense mechanisms in the body. Food or more precisely its contents, then becomes an alien substance or antigen for the body against which it builds certain antibodies to "stay in a good state of health". These antibodies cause typical allergic reaction such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, urticaria and difficulty in breathing, after a certain food has been eaten. We must differentiate between food allergies and incompatibility (food intolerances). The body does not produce antibodies for the latter. Unlike food allergies, intolerances can disappear with time.
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PMID:[Food allergies]. 205 92

Two patients suffering from eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG) were treated with sodium cromoglycate (SCG). Before treatment they showed enteric and cutaneous symptoms, such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and recurrent urticaria and angioedema. The histological findings were a notable amount of eosinophilic infiltration in the lamina propria and gastric glands, a villous shortening and thickening and weak eosinophilic inflammation in the duodenum. The patients were treated with 300 mg SCG, 4 times daily, for 4/5 months. During treatment, the clinical symptoms disappeared and at the end of treatment a reduced inflammation with an almost complete decrease of eosinophilic infiltration was observed. The results provide evidence of SCG efficacy in the treatment of EG and suggest its employment as an alternative to the steroids commonly used in EG.
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PMID:Sodium cromoglycate in the treatment of eosinophilic gastroenteritis. 210 47

The efficacy and safety of almitrine bismesylate, a new respiratory stimulant, in patients with the hypoxaemic form of chronic respiratory insufficiency caused by chronic bronchitis and emphysema has been assessed. The multicentre trial of 12 weeks duration was double-blind and placebo controlled, with individual and group comparisons. Twenty three patients received almitrine 50 mg b.d. p.o. and 17 took placebo. In the almitrine group a significant increase in PaO2 was achieved (control value 54.4 mm Hg, rising to 59.1 mm Hg after 6 weeks, and to 59.4 mm Hg after 12 weeks). There was also a significant decrease in PaCO2 in the almitrine group after 12 weeks. No correlation was found between the plasma almitrine concentration, PaO2 and PaCO2. Lung function (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, Raw, TLC, RV, FRC) did not change in either group, but the degree of dyspnoea and performance in the 6 min walking test were significantly improved in the almitrine group. Adverse reactions appeared in 6 out of 23 patients on almitrine bismesylate (headache, urticaria, breathlessness, diarrhoea, chest pain, nausea and vomiting), causing drop out of 4 patients. Thus, almitrine bismesylate can be considered useful in the treatment of patients with chronic respiratory insufficiency.
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PMID:Double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial of almitrine bismesylate in patients with chronic respiratory insufficiency. 218


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