Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To define the maximum tolerated dose and to study whether recombinant human interleukin-3 (rhIL-3) reduced chemotherapy-induced neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, 20 chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced ovarian cancer eligible for treatment with 6 cycles of carboplatin-cyclophosphamide every 4 weeks (day 1) were entered in a phase I/II open, single-center trial. Cohorts of five patients received during 7 days 1, 5, 10, or 15 micrograms/kg/d rhIL-3 (days 5 through 11) in cycles 1, 3, and 5 by continuous intravenous (IV) infusion or once daily subcutaneous (SC) administration. In control cycles 2, 4, and 6, no rhIL-3 was administered. rhIL-3 significantly increased the recovery of leukocyte, neutrophil, and platelet counts, especially at 5, 10, and 15 micrograms/kg rhIL-3. rhIL-3 also increased basophil, eosinophil, monocyte, and lymphocyte counts at this dose steps. Effects on reticulocytes were limited. No difference in efficacy between SC and IV rhIL-3 treatment was found. Chemotherapy postponement for insufficient bone marrow recovery was necessary in 22 of 45 control cycles versus 2 of 49 rhIL-3 cycles (P less than .001). Platelet transfusions were required in 7 of 45 control cycles versus 3 of 50 rhIL-3 cycles (P less than .5). rhIL-3 up to 10 micrograms/kg/d could be administered without severe side effects. At 15 micrograms/kg/d, rhIL-3 headache was dose-limiting. Other side effects were fever, flu-like symptoms, nausea, skin rash, flushing, facial erythema, and urticaria. Liver toxicity occurred in rhIL-3 and control cycles. rhIL-3 slightly increased tumor necrosis factor alpha, C-reactive protein, and serum amyloid A plasma levels, whereas no effect on IL-6 plasma levels was observed. rhIL-3 administered SC appears to be an interesting hematopoietic growth factor for reduction of chemotherapy-induced myelotoxicity.
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PMID:Effects of interleukin-3 after chemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer. 151 36

Hypersensitivity reaction (HSR) is still a major concern during cancer chemotherapy with paclitaxel. In the present study, we investigated retrospectively the incidence of HSRs to paclitaxel and the risk factors in 105 patients (553 courses) who received adjuvant chemotherapy (paclitaxel and carboplatin) for ovarian cancer. Moderate to severe HSRs that led to cessation or discontinuation of the chemotherapy, including respiratory distress and hypotension, were observed in 14 patients (13.3%) and 16 courses (2.9%), regardless of the use of conventional premedication with glucocorticoid, and histamine H(1) and H(2) antagonists. The incidence of HSRs to paclitaxel in patients with ovarian cancer seemed to be considerably higher than those reported by other investigators in patients with other carcinomas such as non-small-cell lung cancer and breast cancer. Four risk factors were identified: (1) history of mild dermal reactions such as facial flushing and urticaria in previous courses, (2) presence of respiratory dysfunction, (3) obesity (body mass index >25), and (4) postmenopausal at the time of ovariectomy. The incidence of hypersensitivity increased linearly as the number of risk factors increased (r=0.992, P=0.008). It is likely that disappearance of the estrous cycle facilitates the occurrence of HSRs to paclitaxel.
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PMID:Incidence and risk factors for paclitaxel hypersensitivity during ovarian cancer chemotherapy. 1579 61

Paclitaxel and docetaxel are antineoplastic drugs derived from the yew tree, Taxus brevifolia. They are the members of the taxane family and act by inhibiting mitotic activity due to the suppression of microtubule depolymerization. They are used in the treatment of ovarian cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer, small cell lung cancer, and head and neck cancer. In addition to side effects such as cardiotoxicity, neutropenia, arthralgia, and myalgia, they may also cause alopecia, urticaria, mucositis, acral erythema, pustular dermatitis, erythema multiforme, and scleroderma-like mucocutaneous lesions. Scleroderma is among the uncommon side effects of taxane antineoplastic agents. As was the case in few cases in literature, it usually begins with edematous changes in the proximal aspect of the extremities, and subsequently, sclerosis is developed in the skin. Scleroderma, which usually regresses with the discontinuation of the drug and with steroid therapy, may lead to severe contractions that require physical therapy and rehabilitation in some patients. In this paper, we presented a 60-year-old female patient in whom scleroderma developed because docetaxel chemotherapy for breast cancer because it is encountered rarely.
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PMID:Docetaxel-induced Scleroderma in A Breast Cancer Patient: A Case Report. 2833