Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case is reported of ganglioneuroblastoma in a 5-year-old boy, who had urticaria syndrome by physical agents (water, light, cold) in the last 2 years, associated with an apparent splenomegaly. A sonography and a CT scan showed a large cystic mass with calcification near the left kidney. After surgery, it was possible to diagnose left adrenal ganglioneuroblastoma (Evans's first stage). Complete regression of urticaria syndrome was obtained after mass removal.
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PMID:Ganglioneuroblastoma and urticaria by physical agents. 236 74

In the present experiments the role of unmyelinated sensory fibres in the mechanism of cutaneous inflammatory reactions under normal and pathological conditions has been studied in man and animals. Dye leakage responses to histamine, serotonin, compound 48/80, bradykinin and substance P were significantly reduced, while neurogenic inflammation was completely abolished in rats treated neonatally with capsaicin, as studied quantitatively by the Evans blue technique. Neurogenic inflammation could also be elicited by mustard oil in normally innervated human skin, but not in skin areas affected by herpes zoster or in a patient suffering from congenital analgesia. Repeated topical treatment of the skin with capsaicin (local desensitization) abolished the neurogenic inflammatory response for several days. Chemical pain sensitivity was strongly reduced, and thresholds for warmth and heat pain sensations were significantly elevated. Local capsaicin desensitization of the skin prevented whealing, flare and itch in patients with acquired cold and heat urticaria. The findings indicate that peptide-containing sensory nerves are involved in the mediation of chemogenic and heat pain, and possibly itch, and are responsible for initiation of the neurogenic inflammatory response. The results also provide direct evidence of the involvement of these particular sensory nerves in the modulation of the permeability-increasing effects of putative mediators of acute inflammatory reactions. It is concluded that, through modulation of cutaneous vascular reactions, peptidergic sensory nerves may play a hitherto unrecognized role in the pathomechanism of certain diseases of human skin.
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PMID:The modulation of cutaneous inflammatory reactions by peptide-containing sensory nerves. 241 73

Passive transfer experiments in cholinergic urticaria were carried out from 16 patients to a Macaca cymnologous monkey. Intravenous Evans blue dye was used to demonstrate vascular permeability. The animal was challenged after 24 h first by heating the serum-injected dorsal skin to 45 degrees C and secondly by superinjection of acetylcholine into serum-injected sites, and a control site. Local heat proved insufficient to evoke a response. Seven of 16 serum-injected sites showed positive reaction to acetylcholine, control injection of acetylcholine did not. These experiments suggest the presence of a serum factor in cholinergic urticaria which, with acetylcholine, causes increased vascular permeability.
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PMID:Cholinergic urticaria, passive transfer experiments from human to monkey. 314 82

Passive transfer experiments were carried out on three species of monkey, Macaca mulatta, Macaca nemestrina and Macaca fascicularis, using human serum from patients affected with severe symptomatic dermographism (factitious urticaria), cholinergic urticaria, chronic idiopathic urticaria and normal subjects. The monkeys were tested for dermographism by means of a calibrated dermographometer 24 h after intradermal injection of the serum, using Evans blue as a marker. Positive responses were seen initially in the M. nemestrina. Four sites injected with serum from patients with severe symptomatic dermographism gave positive responses, one site injected with serum from a normal subject produced a faint response. One of the four responses was reproduced one month later in M. fascicularis. These results indicate that passive transfer of dermographism is possible from human to monkey.
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PMID:Symptomatic dermographism (factitious urticaria)--passive transfer experiments from human to monkey. 362 Mar 41

Mast cells are involved in atopic disorders, often exacerbated by stress, and are located perivascularly close to sympathetic and sensory nerve endings. Mast cells are activated by electrical nerve stimulation and millimolar concentrations of neuropeptides, such as substance P (SP). Moreover, acute psychological stress induces CRH-dependent mast cell degranulation. Intradermal administration of rat/human CRH (0.1-10 microM) in the rat induced mast cell degranulation and increased capillary permeability in a dose-dependent fashion. The effect of CRH on Evans blue extravasation was stronger than equimolar concentrations of the mast cell secretagogue compound 48/80 or SP. The free acid analog of CRH, which does not interact with its receptors (CRHR), had no biological activity. Moreover, systemic administration of antalarmin, a nonpeptide CRHR1 antagonist, prevented vascular permeability only by CRH and not by compound 48/80 or SP. CRHR1 was also identified in cultured leukemic human mast cells using RT-PCR. The stimulatory effect of CRH, like that of compound 48/80 on skin vasodilation, could not be elicited in the mast cell deficient W/Wv mice but was present in their +/+ controls, as well as in C57BL/6J mice; histamine could still induce vasodilation in the W/Wv mice. Treatment of rats neonatally with capsaicin had no effect on either Evans blue extravasation or mast cell degranulation, indicating that the effect of exogenous CRH in the skin was not secondary to or dependent on the release of neuropeptides from sensory nerve endings. The effect of CRH on Evans blue extravasation and mast cell degranulation was inhibited by the mast cell stabilizer disodium cromoglycate (cromolyn), but not by the antisecretory molecule somatostatin. To investigate which vasodilatory molecules might be involved in the increase in vascular permeability, the CRH injection site was pretreated with the H1-receptor antagonist diphenhydramine, which largely inhibited the CRH effect, suggesting that histamine was involved in the CRH-induced vasodilation. The possibility that nitric oxide might also be involved was tested using pretreatment with a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor that, however, increased the effect of CRH. These findings indicate that CRH activates skin mast cells at least via a CRHR1-dependent mechanism leading to vasodilation and increased vascular permeability. The present results have implications for the pathophysiology and possible therapy of skin disorders, such as atopic dermatitis, eczema, psoriasis, and urticaria, which are exacerbated or precipitated by stress.
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PMID:Corticotropin-releasing hormone induces skin mast cell degranulation and increased vascular permeability, a possible explanation for its proinflammatory effects. 942 40

The pharmacological consequences of combining a histamine H1 receptor antagonist with a H3 antagonist on cutaneous microvascular permeability due to intradermal (i.d.) injections of compound 48/80, a mast cell liberator of histamine, was studied in the anesthetized guinea pig. Compound 48/80 (0.0003, 0.001, 0.003 and 0.01%) induced permeability responses were attenuated, as determined by Evans blue extravasation, in animals pretreated with the H1 antagonist, chlorpheniramine (CTM; 1.0 mg/kg, i.v.) by 17 +/- 4, 31 +/- 4, 32 +/- 4 and 37 +/- 4%, respectively. Combination treatment with an H1 and H3 antagonist displayed greater inhibitory efficacy against the effects elicited by compound 48/80. Specifically, combined treatment with CTM (1.0 mg/kg, i.v.) and the H3 antagonist, thioperamide (THIO 1.0 mg/kg,i.v.) inhibited the skin responses of i.d. compound 48/80 (0.0003, 0.001, 0.003 and 0.01%) by 36 +/- 4, 45 +/- 4, 49 +/- 4 and 54 +/- 4%. A second H3 antagonist, clobenpropit (CLOB; 0.3 mg/kg, i.v.) plus CTM (1.0 mg/kg, i.v.) also inhibited Evans blue extravasation. Treatment with THIO (1.0 mg/kg, i.v.) and CLOB (0.3 mg/kg, i.v.) administered alone had no effect on compound 48/80-induced skin responses. We conclude that combination administration of a H1 and a H3 histamine receptor antagonist produces greater inhibitory effect on cutaneous microvascular permeability produced by released mast cell-derived histamine than either a H1 or H3 antagonist administered separately. In addition, the antiallergy activity of combining a H3 antihistamine with a H3 antagonist activity might provide a novel approach for the treatment of allergic skin diseases such as urticaria.
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PMID:Effect of combined histamine H1 and H3 receptor blockade on cutaneous microvascular permeability elicited by compound 48/80. 1569 56

The first apheresis center in former German Democratic Republic was established in Dresden November 1990 following the reunification of Germany. We here summarize the activities of this center to date. From the center's establishment until the end of July 2009 13,291 sessions of therapeutic apheresis have been performed. Four LDL apheresis methods, namely DALI, Therasorb LDL, HELP and lipidfiltration, are available and several comparative studies of these methods have been published. In addition, we have established the Therasorb IG method and two rheophoresis methods (Rheofilter SR 20; TheraSorb-Rheo Adsorber). Currently we treat 53 high-risk patients with LDL apheresis, including 6 post- heart transplant patients and 5 patients with immunoadsorption. Since November 1990 we have seen a marked reduction in the number of new cardiovascular events by apheresis intervention, but they could not be totally prevented and 2 patients died despite LDL apheresis treatment. In our clinical experience all 4 LDL apheresis methods appear equally effective. However, it is an advantage to have the ability to switch methods in patients in whom one method was less effective or less well tolerated. We also successfully treated patients suffering from Evans' syndrome, pemphigus, urticaria vasculitis with monoclonal gammopathy IgM Type Kappa, lichen myxoedematosus or lupus erythematodes with immunoadsorption. The rheophoresis approach has been used in patients with age-dependent degeneration of the macula, sudden hearing loss, leg ulcers, and diabetic foot syndrome.
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PMID:The Dresden Apheresis Center - experience with LDL apheresis and immunoadsorption. 2012 67