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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors report a group of 36 cases of hypersensitivity to Anisakis simplex, a fish parasite. They examined 11 boys and 25 girls who attended the Allergy service of the Central Hospital Marques of Valdecilla in Santander (Spain), between 12th May 1997 and 26th June 1998, for history of acute urticaria, most often after an aggravation of an allergic pathology. All were given an immunological examination that was composed of: food investigation, prick test, measurement of total and specific IgE and blood eosinophilia. In conclusion, the authors emphasize an increase in hypersensitivity to Anisakis simplex, masked by a food allergy and in spite of a nematode infection. Blood eosinophilia was normal in most cases.
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PMID:[Hypersensitivity to Anisakis simplex: apropos of 36 cases]. 1007 May 95

A great number of parasites have been reported in fish, but only a few of them are capable of infecting human beings. Anisakiasis or anisakidosis is caused by sea nematodes of the genus Anisakis, with the main implicated species being Anisakis simplex. Infection with Anisakis causes a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from symptoms related to the upper and occasionally lower digestive tract to allergic manifestations, mainly urticaria and anaphylaxis. We report a case of asymptomatic gastroduodenal anisakiasis presenting as severe anaphylaxis.
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PMID:Asymptomatic gastroduodenal anisakiasis as the cause of anaphylaxis. 1044 1

Titres of parasite-specific IgE were investigated in 19 patients thought to have recurrent, acute urticaria caused by sensitization to Anisakis simplex (Dujardin, 1845), before and after they were placed on a fish-free diet. Patients with other allergic disease and those being treated with corticosteroids or antihistaminics were excluded. Skin-prick tests were carried out with A. simplex extract, and blue- and white-fish extracts. The CAP system (Pharmacia), a commercial test kit developed for the assay of food-specific IgE, was used to monitor serum concentrations of total IgE and antigen-specific IgE against Anisakis, Ascaris, Echinococcus, Toxocara, tuna, salmon, shrimp, mussel and cod. Before going on a fish-free diet, the 19 patients had CAP scores against A. simplex of 5 (three cases), 3 (seven) or 2 (nine). After a mean of 120 days on the diet, the scores against A. simplex were unchanged in 15 of the cases, reduced in three [from 5 to 4 (one case) or from 2 to 0 (two cases)] and increased in one (from 2 to 3). Most (16) of the patients no longer had any urticaria and the others reported significant reductions in the intensity and frequency of their symptoms.
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PMID:Specific and total IgE in patients with recurrent, acute urticaria caused by Anisakis simplex. 1088 71

Anisakis simplex, a fish parasite of the nematode family, typically infects marine mammals such as whales, dolphins and seals. Human anisakiasis, which is acquired by eating raw or insufficiently heated fish or squid, has gained world-wide importance. Infestation with living larvae caused by eating parasitised fish results in acute upper abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting and may be confused with acute abdomen due to appendicitis and other inflammatory abdominal disorders. Extraintestinal organ manifestations are rare. Endoscopically, inflammation, oedema, erosions and ulcerations may be found. The parasite can been found in up to 50% of patients. Histologically, an eosinophilic inflammation is typical. Acute anisakiasis may be prevented by thorough cooking or deep-freezing the parasitised fish for at least 48 h. IgG-antibodies specific for Anisakis simplex are thought to represent an immunological host reaction against parasitic antigens. More recently, allergic reactions to Anisakis ingestion or exposure, such as urticaria, anaphylaxis and even occupational asthma, have been reported. These allergic reactions may also occur when the fish has been properly cooked, and hence these allergens are thought to be heat-stable. Such cases may be diagnosed by skin tests and the determination of specific Anisakis-IgE. However, the specificity of IgE is low, since they may also be present in exposed asymptomatic individuals. Since the eliciting allergens are temperature-stable, prophylactic dietetic measures are indicated. We report a case from Switzerland acquired during a holiday in Portugal. The patient suffered from recurrent dysphagia and urticaria, and histologically eosinophilic oesophagitis was found. IgG-antibodies and a positive skin prick test to Anisakis simplex support its aetiologic role for the symptoms.
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PMID:[Eosinophilic esophagitis associated with recurrent urticaria: is the worm Anisakis simplex involved?]. 1113 Jan 47

Anisakis simplex (AS), a fish and cephalopodes parasite, may cause allergic reactions in humans on eating and/or handling contaminated fish. We present a case of occupational hypersensitivity to AS in a woman employed in a frozen-fish factory. She showed both generalised urticarial rash and asthmatic symptoms after work place exposure. All these symptoms immediately disappeared after work place exposure was ceased. The presence of a positive skin prick test and high specific IgE values confirmed a hypersensitivity to anisakis. This is the first case reported of both occupational generalised urticaria and allergic airborne asthma due to AS in the same patient. We suggest that AS could be an important cause of occupational asthma and/or urticaria in the fish industry.
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PMID:Occupational generalised urticaria and allergic airborne asthma due to anisakis simplex. 1135 35

Anisakis simplex is a nematode which can parasitize many different kinds of fish or cephalopods (codfish, salmon, tuna, mackerel, hake, etc). Anisakis simplex can cause different diseases in humans. The human being acquires the larvae by eating raw or undercooked seafood. Acute anisakiasis is probably caused by an inflammatory and/or allergic response in the digestive tract mucosa with abdominal pain. It can also induce IgE-mediated reactions with several clinical manifestations ranging from urticaria/angioedema to anaphylaxis. Chronic anisakiasis results from abscesses or eosinophilic granulomas caused by parasite invasion. This later form can mimic appendicitis, duodenal ulcer, inflammatory bowel diseases and intestinal obstruction. An early gastroduodenoscopy can confirm the diagnosis and prevent the complications. Serodiagnosis of anisakiasis is difficult since many Anisakis antigens show cross-reativity complications. In fact many people have high IgE titles in the absence of obvious allergic reactions to seafoods. As preventive measures heating for 10 min over 65 degrees C or freezing (minus 20 degrees for 24 h) destroys the infectivity of the larval stage but not always prevent allergic reactions.
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PMID:[Anisakiasis: a borderline disorder]. 1138 51

Anisakis-specific IgE (AsIgE) was examined in 84 cases of acute urticaria (AU) and 100 cases of atopic dermatitis (AD). Gender, age, disease category (AU or AD) and serum IgE value of the patients were compared with AsIgE. Univariate analysis showed that there was significant correlation between age and AsIgE, and between serum IgE and AsIgE. Serum IgE was significantly higher in AD than in AU. Age was significantly higher in AU than in AD. AsIgE was positive value in 26 cases (31%) of AU and 25 cases (25%) of AD. There were no significant differences between them. In these cases, however, AsIgE was significantly higher in AU than in AD. Percentage of patients with high AsIgE value (> class 2) was significantly higher in AU (20 cases, 24%) than in AD (3 cases, 3%). Multivariate analysis using discriminant analysis and logistic regression analysis showed that the most influential factor on AsIgE was disease category (relative risk = 16.87), and the second was age (relative risk = 1.05). Serum IgE and gender were considered not to influence on AsIgE. It is possible that Anisakis or related antigens have something to do with urticaria in AU patients with high AsIgE value.
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PMID:[Analysis of factors influencing on Anisakis specific IgE antibodies]. 1176 84

Anisakis simplex is a nematode which infects marine fish. It requires marine mammals for its development. The larvae are found in fishes, crustaceans and cephalopods which are intermediate hosts. The parasite can be ingested by man -mainly with raw fishes- and induces an infestation called anisakiasis or anisakidosis with digestive tract symptoms. Since 1990, we have known that the parasite can also induce allergic symptoms such urticaria.
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PMID:[Allergy to Anisakis simplex]. 1238 49

Because seafood consumption is moderate-to-high in Spain, allergic reactions to seafood such as fish, crustacea and mollusc are fairly frequent. The clinical features of these reactions depend on the implicated species and whether the reaction is provoked by ingestion, handling or vapor inhalation. Because different species have common antigenic structures, cross-sensitization is frequent, especially between crustaceans and molluscs. Contamination of fish by nematodes (Anisakis) may produce severe reactions. We report the case of a female patient with no personal or family history of allergy who experienced two episodes of anaphylactic shock: the first occurred immediately after eating oysters and the second after ingestion of white fish. The patient also developed generalized urticaria provoked by crustacean (prawns) and white fish. The results of skin prick tests were negative for fish, shellfish, crustacean and oysters while in vitro tests were positive for oyster, prawns, Anisakis, Ascaris and Echinococcus, although stool samples and gastric endoscopy were negative.
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PMID:Anaphylactic shock to oysters and white fish with generalized urticaria to prawns and white fish. 1239 66

The fact that more than 30 p. 100 of patients with chronic urticaria incriminate foods, and that acute urticaria is a frequent symptom of food allergy, argue in favour of a systematic search for food involvement in chronic urticaria. A global overview of publications through Medline selects 49 out of 189 papers upon strict criteria, devoted to the links between chronic urticaria and foods. Possible links exist between chronic urticaria and intolerance to additives, intolerance or allergy to contaminants, pseudo-allergic reactions to foods and IgE-dependent food allergy. The diagnosis of intolerance to additives relies on double blind placebo-controlled oral challenges, showing positivity in 2 to 3 p. 100 of cases. Flavours are being suspected but have not been validated by such oral challenges. Contaminants are nickel salts, penicillin residues in meats and milk, Anisakis larvae in fish. Intolerance to biogenic amines could be somewhat frequent and is well-documented by experimental studies of the metabolism of histamine and by the results of specific diets with a low content of amines. IgE-dependent food allergy has been evidenced in 1 to 5 p. 100 of cases. The author puts forward a methodology to search for the implication of foods in chronic urticaria, restricting the search to non-inflammatory CU, discarding moreover chronic urticaria due to physical agents, or to contact. Idiopathic chronic urticaria, that might include a subgroup of auto-immune chronic urticaria is under scope. A preliminary study of the regimen during one week needs to be carried out in order to detect an excess of consumption of categories of foods inducing pseudo-allergic reactions, or of additives. An eviction diet for biogenic amines may be proposed first. Its failure may lead to skin prick tests to foods that are daily consumed. Biological tests are not advised. When sensitization is confirmed, a 3 week eviction of the food comes ahead of a double blind placebo-controlled oral challenge. The positivity indicates that this food is likely to be a causal agent and the diagnosis can finally be based on the recovery after the implementation of strict avoidance diets.
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PMID:[Allergic and pseudo-allergic reactions to foods in chronic urticaria]. 1284 8


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