Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Anisakis larvae which parasitize sea fishes sometimes cause not only anisakiasis but also such allergic reactions as mackerel-induced urticaria. We prepared AlaSTAT by using excretory/secretory antigens from Anisakis larvae to detect specific IgE in various patients groups. The AlaSTAT positive rate was 87.5% in gastric anisakiasis patients who were endoscopically diagnosed, while it was 66.7% in patients who had acute abdominal pain but no larva detected. Ascariasis in the common bile duct was 0%. The positive rate in mackerel-induced urticaria patients was 75.0%, while it was 8.3% and 10.0% in patients with urticaria of unknown origin and normal controls, respectively. Based on these data, the detection of specific IgE using AlaSTAT is useful in elucidating the cause of urticaria or acute abdominal pain, such as Anisakis.
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PMID:[Significance of detection of specific IgE in Anisakis-related diseases]. 156 81

The number of anisakiasis according to a nation-wide statistical survey totaled 4682 cases until June 1987 in Japan. Of these 4296 cases are gastric anisakiasis (including 215 cases of gastric terranovasis), 375 intestinal anisakiasis and 11 extra-gastrointestinal anisakiasis. Pseudoterranova larva does not invade the intestine, and worms are vomited in most cases. Clinical diagnosis of intestinal anisakiasis is more difficult than that of gastric anisakiasis, and it also is hard to find the worm itself in histopathological examination. Therefore the number of actual intestinal anisakiasis is probably 3 times more than that of the reported cases. The cases of gastrointestinal-wall perforation by worms are increasing, which means immune response by granuloma formation is important. The catches of paratenic hosts and the rate of infection vary with year. In addition, the kind of paratenic host fishes are different between the southern and northern areas of Japan. The paratenic hosts reported by patient are closely related to the catches of kinds of those fishes in the respective areas. Recently, cases by eating sardine are increasing in the southern area. Urticaria as a complication is related to the diagnostic rate, and intraperitoneal bacterial infection by the gastrointestinal perforation by worms is closely related to the prognosis.
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PMID:[Transition of occurrence of anisakiasis and its paratenic host fishes in Japan, with pathogenesis of anisakiasis]. 329 60

Anisakis simplex R., parasitizes several sea-fish and cephalopods. This parasite induces not only anisakiasis but also anaphylactic reactions, as has recently been confirmed. We present 28 patients with immediate hypersensitivity to Anisakis simplex, developed after parasitized fish ingestion. Each case was diagnosed by suggestive anamnesis, skin prick tests with an A. simplex extract, specific IgE detection in serum (CAP System), and histamine release test. The clinical manifestations were urticaria/angioedema in all 28 patients and respiratory arrest in one. Paradoxically, the patients reported tolerance to ingestion of the same kind of fish between and after the allergic episodes. Type 1 hypersensitivity to A. simplex was demonstrated by a positive skin-prick test reaction, specific IgE detection in all cases and positive histamine release in a representative case. Sensitization to the proteins of the fish themselves was ruled out by negative reactions of the same tests in all cases. It was also proven that the allergen/s involved may be resistant to cooking and deep freezing. Hence, anaphylactic reactions may result either from infection or, more frequently, from mere exposure to the allergen. The results confirm that A. simplex can develop IgE-mediated anaphylactic reactions, the clinical severity of which was pronounced in the patients examined. Physicians must take into account that the consumption of parasitized fish may cause severe reactions, even if fish of the same kind is subsequently tolerated. A higher frequency of reactions of this type can be expected in countries where fish is a staple diet.
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PMID:Anisakis simplex induces not only anisakiasis: report on 28 cases of allergy caused by this nematode. 895 43

It has recently been published patients suffering from urticaria or anaphylaxia induced by nematodes usually parasitizing fishs or cephalopode, in whom, Anisakis simplex (AK) sensitization prevalence was detected up to 37%. We tried out a prospective study to evaluate the presence of AK specific-IgE in an asthmatic population, comparing to other group of patients with urticaria. Complaints related to food ingestion were recorded in both, and dietetic measures were advised. Thirteen patients (13/66; 20%) showed AK specific IgE. Nine of them were asthmatics (p < 0.01), and only 4 suffered from urticaria. Four patients, three of them asthmatics, could link symptoms after fishs, cephalopode or, surprisingly, seafood intake, including epigastralgia, rhinorrhea, conjunctivitis, hives, and dyspnea. Atopia was not a consistent status, only five AK sensitized patients also did to common inhalants (all skin prick-test positive to house dust mites). Asthmatic AK-sensitized patients were older than non AK-sensitized asthmatics (46.23 vs 30.1; p < 0.05). The way of sensitization could be inhalative or through digestive mucosa parasitization by live larvae. Possibility that an AK allergen can play a role in adult asthma, should be considered specially in countries with high fish or seafood diet content.
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PMID:Sensitization to Anisakis simplex: an unusual presentation. 915 Aug 40

Anisakis simplex larvae parasitize animals used as seafood and can produce a specific immune response in man. The ingestion of seafood contaminated with stage three of A. simplex larvae can induce a specific IgE response with clinical symptoms, usually urticaria, even if the fish is cooked before ingestion and the invasive infestation power destroyed by heating. Our preliminary studies showed a strong association of A. simplex sensitization with Ascaris lumbricoides, Daphnia, chironomid spp., Atlantic shrimp (Pandalus borealis), and German cockroach (Blattella germanica). We conducted the cross-reactivity study with cockroach, a ubiquitous insect, and Chironomidae (red mosquito larvae), a work-related allergen, without any possibility of Anisakis contamination. Serum samples were collected from 60 pediatric patients, with serum specific IgE to A. simplex. Both specific-IgE and immunoblot-inhibition studies, with a serum pool from 18 patients, were performed to determine whether the association of sensitizations to nematodes and arthropods was due to immunologic cross-reactivity. In addition, serum samples from 21 of 60 patients who showed also sensitization to German cockroach were used for individual immunoblot studies. In the serum pool, dose-dependent inhibition of B. germanica and Chironomus spp, was observed after preincubation with the A. simplex extract. Immunoblot of Anisakis, inhibited with Chironomus and German cockroach, yielded a partial blot inhibition but mainly on bands below 41 kDa. Blot inhibition of German cockroach and Chironomus with Anisakis was dose related. The band patterns in individual blots were heterogeneous, but most of them had bands of 30-43 kDa. None of these sera recognized allergens in the 14-kDa area. In our study, CAP-inhibition and immunoblot-inhibition analysis of Anisakis showed that several IgE-binding components could be shared by the three allergens.
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PMID:Cross-reactivity between IgE-binding proteins from Anisakis, German cockroach, and chironomids. 920 62

Anisakis simplex, a parasite of fish and cephalopods, can induce IgE-mediated reactions. This study aimed to determine the etiologic role of A. simplex in patients affected by urticaria/angioedema (AE) or anaphylaxis. We studied 100 adult subjects suffering acute episodes of urticaria/AE, by anamnesis, prick tests with A. simplex and fish-mix extracts, and total and specific IgE to both A. simplex and cod. The following criteria of A. simplex allergy were considered: 1) urticaria/AE within 6 h after fish ingestion; 2) specific IgE to A. simplex; 3) positive prick test to A. simplex extract; 4) exclusion of other suspected causes. Double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge was not carried out because ethical considerations forbid challenge with a parasite. Specific IgE to A. simplex (> 0.7 kU/l) was found in 22 subjects, but only eight were diagnosed as having A. simplex allergy. Other allergens were involved in 37 patients, and 55 cases were considered idiopathic. Specific IgE to fish (> 0.7 kU/l) was found in two patients, but only one was diagnosed as having fish allergy. We concluded that A. simplex is an important etiologic factor in acute urticaria. We suggest that it should be considered in cases of urticaria/AE or anaphylaxis, especially after fish ingestion.
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PMID:Anisakis simplex, a relevant etiologic factor in acute urticaria. 920 71

This study aimed to determine the cause of acute recidivous urticaria in patients who usually eat fish or other seafood. Twenty-five patients were studied. The skin prick test with larval Anisakis simplex extract was performed; total and specific IgE against A. simplex was measured with the CAP System; specific antibodies to A. simplex were determined by ELISA; and immunorecognition patterns of the sera were studied by Western blot. Nineteen patients showed specific IgE to A. simplex, but specific IgE to Ascaris was demonstrated in only two patients. No patients reacted to Toxocara canis or Echinoccocus granulosus antigens with the same test. The skin prick test was positive in 16 patients, in two of them persisting for 48 h. Five patients showed neither skin reaction nor specific IgE to A. simplex. Sera showed specific immunoglobulin levels against A. simplex larval crude extract, by both ELISA and Western blot. Likewise, specific immunoglobulin levels against excretory-secretory antigen were also measured by ELISA. Only one patient showed sensitization to fish. A. simplex was found to be the main cause of acute recidivous urticaria in patients who usually eat fish and are not sensitized to it.
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PMID:Recidivous acute urticaria caused by Anisakis simplex. 936 Jul 49

Human anisakidosis is a parasitic infection caused by the larvae of Anisakis simplex. Classical clinical manifestations include epigastric pain, occlusion, diffuse abdominal pain, appendicitis, and anaphylactoid reactions. Arthralgias or arthritis have been infrequently reported. We present three patients with proven hypersensitivity to A. simplex together with rheumatologic complaints after ingestion of parasitized fishes. A. simplex must be considered in the differential diagnosis of arthralgias/ arthritis especially if associated with urticaria.
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PMID:Rheumatic manifestations in the course of anaphylaxis caused by Anisakis simplex. 963 54

Anisakis simplex is a nematode which parasitizes mainly fish and cephalopods and accidentally human beings after ingestion. Apart from the different digestive syndromes, this organism has recently been involved as cause of IgE-mediated allergic reactions of variable degree (urticaria to severe angioedema). In this report three patients with the diagnosis of allergy to Anisakis simplex are reported and a review of the literature is made.
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PMID:[Allergy to Anisakis simplex. Report of 2 cases and review of the literature]. 980 80

Acute urticaria and angio-oedema are common in primary care and in the emergency unit. Food allergy is one possible cause. We describe gastric anisakiasis, in which symptoms are often not obviously related to eating raw fish. A study was made of patients presenting at the emergency department who had allergic symptoms such as urticaria or angio-oedema and had recently eaten raw or undercooked fish. They were divided into two groups. Patients in group A (n = 13) also had abdominal symptoms and were diagnosed as having gastric anisakiasis by fibre-optic gastroscopy where third-stage larvae of Anisakis simplex were visualized and extracted. Skin prick tests and specific IgE to A. simplex were positive. Patients in group B (n = 13) had only allergic symptoms after eating raw fish. Eleven of 13 patients had positive skin prick tests and specific IgE to A. simplex. Three of 15 control subjects had positive skin prick tests and specific IgE to A. simplex. Allergic symptoms appeared from 2 to 20 h (mean 5.0) after ingestion in group A and from 20 min to 23 h (mean 4.3 h) in group B. Gastric symptoms in group A disappeared rapidly after extraction of the larvae. Allergic symptoms disappeared in most cases within the first 24 h. We suggest that the allergic symptoms in group A as well as in group B were mainly due to parasitization by A. simplex in sensitized patients. Gastric anisakiasis may be a widely underdiagnosed clinical entity.
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PMID:Gastric anisakiasis: an underestimated cause of acute urticaria and angio-oedema? 989 48


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