Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Data deriving from comprehensive hospital monitoring systems suggest that drug-induced skin effects occur in 2-5% of patients receiving any drug medication. Exanthematous (maculopapular) reaction (75%) and urticaria with/without angioedema (30%) are the most frequent of all cutaneous reactions to drugs. The incidence of cutaneous reactions relates to the quantity of the drugs which is prescribed and consumed worldwide. Thus penicillin, sulfonamides and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs show the highest rate of cutaneous side effects. Drug reactions may be classified as either predictable (e.g. chemotherapy-induced alopecia) or unpredictable. Unpredictable side effects of drugs may be the result of allergic (type I to IV) or non-allergic reactions. Hereditary and acquired enzyme deficiency and variations in metabolic pathway may delay drug metabolism and cause nonallergic, toxic side effects. Such a mechanism is known to occur in patients with a low acetylation rate under hydralazine, INH or sulfonamide treatment. Some immunologic although nonallergic factors may facilitate eruptions in patients with infectious mononucleosis under ampicillin medication and in AIDS patients on co-trimoxazole therapy. When a cutaneous drug reaction is diagnosed, withdrawal of the drug is recommended. In instances in which patients display mild drug eruptions and no alternative therapy is available, the drug may be continued. However, it should be kept in mind that mild morbiliform eruption is often the initial presentation of toxic epidermal necrolysis. In AIDS patients sulfonamides most frequently have been implicated as a risk factor for the development of toxic epidermal necrolysis. In other than type 1 hypersensitivity reactions, skin testing and in vitro tests have low sensitivity and specificity.
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PMID:[Skin and hair]. 866 68

Angioedema is the swelling of the mucosal membranes as a variant of urticaria induced by hereditary C1 esterase inhibitor enzyme deficiency, certain foods, or drugs. Herein, we report the case of a 23-year-old woman, with mild-moderate acne presenting with widespread facial angioedema on the 2nd day of systemic isotretinoin treatment. The patient had taken no drugs other than isotretinoin in the preceding days and had no known food allergy. Her angioedema was resolved after the isotretinoin was discontinued. We want to draw the attention of dermatologists to this rare adverse allergic effect of isotretinoin which is frequently used in the treatment of acne vulgaris.
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PMID:Angioedema due to Systemic Isotretinoin Therapy. 2558 64