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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty women (28 of childbearing age and 2 in the menopause), affected by acute Candida albicans vulvovaginitis were treated orally with a new antimycotic triazole derivative, itraconazole. Twenty patients were administered with 200 mg/die of itraconazole for three days. In tests carried out 7 and 30 days after the end of therapy the following results were observed. Negative cultures in 95% of patients and in 75% of patients; absence of leukorrhea in 60% of patients and in 65% of patients; disappearance of pruritus in 95% of patients and in 80% of patients. Ten patients were administered with an acute dose of itraconazole (400 mg). In the same tests, carried out 7 and 30 days after the end of therapy reported above the results were as follow. Negative culture in 80% and 60% of patients; absence of leukorrhea in 50% and 60% of patients; absence of pruritus in 70% and 50% of patients. In the first group of patients one case of slight nausea was reported whilst in the second group there were two cases of nausea, one of gastralgia and one of urticaria. No systemic side-effect was seen.
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PMID:[Preliminary clinical study of the use of itraconazole in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis]. 166 25

The focus of this study on coital allergy is on discussing the basis for and clinical implications of the immunological reactions that mediate allergic reactions to semen. Allergic reactions to antigens in seminal plasma occur in the case of acute systemic hypersensitivity (ACH), localized postcoital allergic seminal vulvovaginitis, and/or hypersensitivity to exogenous allergens in semen. In the few cases (30 cases at present), ACH may manifest itself in generalized urticaria, orbital and vulval edema, vulval and generalized pruritus, bronchospasm, lower abdominal pain, hypotension, and loss of consciousness. There may be a family history of atopy. Symptoms may appear over months or years before reaching a severe level. The usual case is the appearance after the 1st coital act or after a change in coital, genital, or reproductive occasions. It is not specific to a particular male partner. It may be self-limiting. Condom usage or abstinence may lead to abatement. Localized vulvovaginitis may occur simultaneously with ACH or exist alone. The symptoms are local pruritus, burning, swelling, erythema, and urticaria in varying degrees for up to a week and occur during or after coitus. Douching or vulval irrigations may ameliorate symptoms. Misdiagnosis as genital herpes or infective vulvovaginitis may occur in mild cases. Exogenous allergens derived from drugs, food, and other sources presenting in the semen may contribute to hypersensitivity. This is different from reactions to intrinsic components of seminal plasma. Vaginal exposure to chemical products such as soaps or to airborne particles such as pollen may produce allergic responses. Another possibility is that genital candidiasis may produce local Ige antibodies, and PGE2 induced suppression of cell-mediated immunity. The immunological mechanisms are described as type I hypersensitivity reactions with the antigen reacting with reaginic antibodies of the Ige class which are bound to mast cell or circulating basophils. The antigens and the immune reactions are specified. In the clinical diagnosis, the rare acute systemic form is obvious, but the atypical, recurrent, and intractable forms of vulvovaginitis require investigation with skin tests. Treatment may involve artificial insemination for those seeking pregnancy, immunotherapy, or antihistamines, rather than use of a condom or abstinence.
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PMID:Allergy to coitus. 168

Although copper sulfate can cause systemic contact dermatitis, few such cases have been recorded among copper-releasing IUD users. Reported in this paper is a case of endometritis and urticaria-angioedema syndrome in a 32-year-old user of a copper IUD. Widespread urticaria, as well as angioedema of the eyelids and the labia majora and minora, persisted for about 6 months and were not responsive to corticosteroids and H1-antagonists. Copper sulfate positivity was demonstrated in 72-hour patch test, 48-hour application of the copper spiral to forearm, and in vitro lymphocyte-stimulating test. Histologic examination of the endometrial biopsy revealed vulvovaginitis with hyperplasia of the cervical canal and T-cell and eosinophilic granulocyte infiltration. Removal of the IUD caused complete symptom remission. In experimental animals with a radioactively labeled copper IUD, small amounts of copper sulfate are absorbed through the mucus membrane and carried to the cutis through the blood or lymph. In the cutis, the allergen is intercepted from antigen-presenting cells and recognized by T cells that migrate to the lymph nodes with blastic transformation, proliferation of cytotoxic lymphocytes, and cytokine production.
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PMID:Systemic contact dermatitis to copper-containing IUD. 889 20

The epidemiology of seminal plasma hypersensitivity (SPH) is unknown. Case reports and a previous survey have identified two distinct phenotypes: localized and systemic reactors. The objective of this study was to use an Internet-based questionnaire to characterize and examine the differences among a population of women with suspected SPH. A questionnaire designed to distinguish women with probable SPH was made available via the Internet. Systemic symptoms included generalized pruritus, urticaria, angioedema, wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, dizziness, and loss of consciousness whereas localized symptoms included vaginal burning, pain, swelling, erythema, or blister formation. Respondents with localized or systemic symptoms and whose symptoms were prevented with the use of a condom were included in the analysis. Frequency and means were calculated and further analyzed using chi-square and t-test analyses. A total of 165 women with probable SPH, 79 with systemic symptoms and 86 with only localized symptoms, were included in the analysis. Systemic compared with localized respondents were significantly older (mean age, 29.2 years versus 26.4 years; p = 0.01), had longer duration of symptoms (mean, 58 months versus 40.8 months; p = 0.03), and more frequently reported a family history of atopy (65.8% versus 50%; p < 0.05). Interestingly, significantly more systemic compared with localized respondents reported dog sensitization (11.4% versus 2.3%; p = 0.02). Localized and systemic SPH are more common than previously realized and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of anaphylaxis, vulvovaginitis, and dyspareunia. Additional research investigating the epidemiology, immunopathogenesis, and treatment of this disorder is warranted.
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PMID:Characterization of patients with suspected seminal plasma hypersensitivity. 2222 43

Seminal plasma hypersensitivity (SPH) presents with localized vaginal and/or systemic allergic symptoms on exposure to protein components of seminal plasma. Although the true incidence is unclear, it is a likely underdiagnosed but an important cause of vulvovaginitis and dyspareunia that affects women across the entire globe. Systemic SPH is likely elicited by an IgE-mediated reaction to seminal plasma proteins other than spermatozoa. Localized reactions are likely mediated by a non-IgE immunologic mechanism. The diagnosis of both conditions is made clinically. Clinical presentation typically involves local vaginal discomfort and/or systemic symptoms including urticaria, angioedema, wheezing, dyspnea, gastrointestinal symptoms, or frank anaphylaxis. In roughly half of cases of localized SPH, reactions occur after first-time intercourse. Use of a condom prevents reactions, which aids confirming a diagnosis. In addition to a detailed history, skin prick and/or serologic testing may assist in making the diagnosis. Both local and systemic SPH are managed by the use of barrier contraception or intravaginal graded desensitization. Although SPH has not been shown to directly cause infertility, it may make conception challenging due to the discomfort or systemic symptoms caused by unprotected vaginal intercourse. Data indicate that women with localized reactions have variable fertility outcomes, although the majority are able to have resolution of symptoms after desensitization and have normal term pregnancies. This review provides a step-by-step approach for evaluating and treating women with localized or systemic SPH.
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PMID:An Overview of Seminal Plasma Hypersensitivity and Approach to Treatment. 3303 13