Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 131 patients with chronic urticaria, including physical urticarias, oral provocation tests were done with aspirin. A total of thirty-one patients showed a reaction on aspirin challenge. Reactions were seen in 35% of patients with idiopathic urticaria, 52% of patients with cholinergic urticaria, and 43% of those with pressure urticaria. The patients with reactions to aspirin were also tested with tartrazine, sodium benzoate, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, sodium- and phenyl salicylate and the analgesics indomethacin, paracetamol and mefanamic acid. In nineteen of twenty three aspirin sensitive patients, positive reactions to one or more of these substances were observed. Indomethacin and tartrazine had the highest scores. There was no statistically significant correlation between aspirin reactions and the presence of nasal polyposis, sinusitis, asthma or atopy.
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PMID:Reactions to aspirin and food additives in patients with chronic urticaria, including the physical urticarias. 110 92

The efficacy and tolerability of clarithromycin and amoxycillin in the treatment of acute maxillary sinusitis were compared in an open, Phase III multi-centre study. Sixty-one out-patients (40 males, 21 females) received clarithromycin (two 250 mg tablets twice daily) and 59 (34 males, 25 females) out-patients received amoxycillin (two 500 mg capsules twice daily). Fifty-seven and 47 patients in the clarithromycin group were evaluable for clinical efficacy and bacteriological effectiveness, respectively. In the amoxycillin group, 57 and 40 patients were evaluated for clinical efficacy and bacteriological effectiveness, respectively. Body temperature, bacteriological culture results, blood and urine chemistries, and clinical signs and symptoms were evaluated prior to drug administration, between Days 4 to 6 and between Days 9 to 11 of treatment, and within 48 hours and, if required, 6 weeks after the end of treatment. Clinical signs and symptoms improved significantly (p less than 0.001) in both treatment groups. When evaluated within 48 hours after the end of treatment, there was no significant difference between the clinical success rate for clarithromycin (91%) and amoxycillin (84%) nor in the number of patients whose original pathogen was eradicated (89% clarithromycin, 93% amoxycillin). Six patients reported adverse events, 2 with clarithromycin (urticaria, gastro-intestinal) and 4 with amoxycillin (2 urticaria, 2 gastro-intestinal). Clarithromycin was comparable to amoxycillin with respect to clinical efficacy and tolerability and offers a useful addition to the available therapies for the treatment of acute maxillary sinusitis.
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PMID:Comparative efficacy and tolerability of clarithromycin and amoxycillin in the treatment of out-patients with acute maxillary sinusitis. 214 May 46

During an 18-month adverse events surveillance period, children with a history of recurrent suspected or proved bacterial infections were treated with either cefaclor (1017 patients, 2513 courses) or amoxicillin (1009 patients, 2358 courses) and followed prospectively to determine the relative incidence and character of adverse events. Patients were from 1 month to 16 years old. Otitis media, the principal diagnosis, occurred in 883 patients (2014 episodes) receiving cefaclor and in 856 (1888 episodes) receiving amoxicillin. Others were diagnosed as having pharyngitis (482 episodes), bronchitis (267 episodes), sinusitis (130 episodes), pneumonia (63 episodes) and urinary tract infection (27 episodes). Adverse events were elicited by telephone during therapy and by follow-up for 2 weeks after therapy and were reported in 5.7% of the cefaclor courses and 5.2% of courses of amoxicillin. Serum sickness-like reactions and erythema multiforme occurred in 5 and 6 children, respectively, given cefaclor (1.1%) and in no children given amoxicillin. Children in the cefaclor group had a greater incidence of urticaria. Other adverse experiences, including gastrointestinal events, were approximately equally distributed for the two groups.
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PMID:Quantitative comparison of adverse reactions to cefaclor vs. amoxicillin in a surveillance study. 316 Oct 7

Asthma, aspirin intolerance and nasal polyps form a triad of aspirin-induced asthma (AIA). Eighteen cases, 6 males and 12 females, who complained of asthma attacks and/or rhinorrhea after ingestion of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were encountered over several years. The mean age of onset was 32.1 for asthma and 25.4 for rhinitis. Asthma was found in all of the 18 cases and nasal polyps in 13 cases (72.2%). The polyps were recurrent and 7 patients had undergone polypectomies. Urticaria was seen in 44.4% and sinusitis diagnosed by X-ray in 81.8%. Sensitivity to at least one allergen was found in 7 out of 9 cases (77.8%) and 6 out of 11 cases (54.5%) gave results positive for RAST. Eosinophilia was seen in 14 out of 16 patients (87.5%). The pathogenesis of AIA is obscure but is probably related to inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis. We concluded that AIA is not a rare disease in Japan either, and the studies for eosinophilia may be useful for elucidation of the pathogenesis of AIA and nasal polyps.
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PMID:Aspirin-induced asthma and nasal polyps. 346 81

Unrecognized sinusitis has been cited by others as a significant unrecognized factor in patients with asthma, chronic rhinitis, and urticaria. The current study examines the utility of roentgenography of the paranasal sinuses in such patients. Forty-seven percent of patients with flare-ups of asthma had abnormal sinus roentgenograms, a highly significant difference from the 29% prevalence in patients presenting with complaints of rhinitis. The patient's clinical history was most often not helpful in predicting whether or not roentgenographic abnormalities of the sinuses would be detected. Since maxillary sinusitis is the most frequent finding, the erect Waters' view is the most useful single roentgenogram.
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PMID:Occult sinus abnormalities in the asthmatic patient. 368 71

We retrospectively studied 94 children with urticaria longer than six weeks in duration. The disease was equally distributed among the sexes and the following age subgroups (0-3.9 years, 4.0-7.9 years, 8.0-11.9 years and 12.0-15.9 years). A cause of the urticaria was identified or suspected in 15 of the patients. These included eight patients with cold urticaria, two with infection (hepatitis, sinusitis), two with food allergy, one patient with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, one with arthralgia associated with a positive ANA and one with a low level of total hemolytic complement (CH50). Follow-up of a year of more on 52 patients revealed a median duration of urticarial symptoms of 16.0 months, with 58% of children becoming symptom free for six months or more, whereas the remaining 42% continued to have recurrent symptoms but without the development of an underlying serious illness. Results of the present study indicate that the etiology of chronic urticaria in childhood remains mostly undetermined but that the prognosis is generally favorable. However, one must consider an underlying infection or autoimmune disease as a potential etiology.
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PMID:Chronic urticaria in childhood: natural course and etiology. 688 5

1. The in vitro antibacterial activity of cefoxitin was nearly equal to that of CEZ and CET against the 6 species of clinically isolated strains. Cefoxitin, furthermore, had an antibacterial activity against the strains of P. morganii resistant to CEZ and CET. 2. Cefoxitin was applied to a total of 17 patients including 6 cases of bronchitis, 5 of pneumonia, 2 of enteritis, and 1 each of pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis and lymphadenitis. The results showed an efficacy rate of 88%. In the 6 patients from whom the isolation of pathogenic organisms was possible, the bacteriological response to cefoxitin was appreciable the efficacy rate being 83%. Thus, it is considered that cefoxitin also has a significant antibacterial activity in vivo. 3. As to the side effects following the administration of cefoxitin, urticaria-like eruption was observed in 1 case, and an elevation of transaminase in another. These findings, however, became normal soon after discontinuation of cefoxitin treatment.
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PMID:[Clinical studies of cefoxitin in the pediatric field (author's transl)]. 728 29

Intolerance to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in asthmatics has been widely studied in the adult population, and to a lesser extent in children. In the present study, we present 16 asthmatics between the ages of 2 and 14 suffering from asthma induced by ASA ingestion, and the clinical characteristics are compared with a population of asthmatic children with a negative challenge test. The following results were obtained: 1) in contrast to in adults, females are not predisposed to ASA intolerance in childhood, the male:female ratio being the usual 2:1 in infantile asthma; 2) ASA intolerance can appear at a very early age (in our series the youngest was 1 year old); 3) extrinsic asthmatics are the most commonly affected, and also children with exercise-induced asthma; 4) in extrinsic asthmatics with asthma attacks precipitated by ASA, sinusitis is more frequent than in extrinsic asthmatics with ASA tolerance; 5) polyposis is exceptional; 6) the presence of associated urticaria is frequent, and much greater than in adult ASA-intolerant asthmatics; and 7) the results of the challenge with NSAIDs are similar to those obtained in adult patients, which would indicate a common pathophysiological mechanism related to the capacity of these drugs to inhibit cyclooxygenase activity.
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PMID:Asthma in children and ASA intolerance. 801 49

Antihistamines are frequently part of the treatment regimen for seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis occurring alone or in conjunction with associated airway disorders, such as asthma, sinusitis, and otitis media with effusion. These agents are also frequently prescribed for the treatment of urticaria to eliminate the need for long-term corticosteroids. This paper reviews the side-effect profile of the sedating and nonsedating agents (a classification given these drugs by the US Food and Drug Administration) in terms of patient satisfaction and quality-of-life parameters. Because the sedating antihistamines cross the blood-brain barrier more quickly and easily than the nonsedating antihistamines, they produce more central nervous system (CNS) effects, further exacerbating the decreases in decision-making, verbal learning, and psychomotor skills already experienced by the patient with allergic rhinitis. In contrast the now-preferred nonsedating agents do not readily cross the blood-brain barrier, do not produce CNS side effects, and, therefore, do not cause sedation or performance impairment. The nonsedating agents provide a safer alternative for patients with allergic rhinitis. Their use can increase patient satisfaction with the health care received.
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PMID:Sedative effects of antihistamines: safety, performance, learning, and quality of life. 958 27

Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated drug sensitivity in children is uncommon. However, undefined skin rash following antibiotic ingestion in younger children is commonly observed in clinical practice. We studied 86 consecutively referred patients to our allergy clinic over a 5-year period. We found that the majority of children (80%) with skin rashes were under 3 years of age. All the children had been treated with antibiotics for a bacterial upper respiratory infection (URI; otitis media, sinusitis, or pharyngitis), 73 (85%) had erythematous rash, 13 (15%) had urticaria occurring 3-5 days after the treatment, and 43 (50%) reported a repeated rash with the use of two or more different antibiotics. There were no reports of systemic reactions or histories of accompanying food allergy. When patients were given the suspected antibiotics while they were well, none developed rash. However, in the next bacterial infection, 62 (72%) chose to receive dye-free suspensions of the suspected antibiotics. Only three patients (3.5%) elected for the dye-containing suspension. Of the 62 patients who received dye-free suspensions, only eight developed a mild skin rash, which was managed successfully. We conclude that a practical approach for non-IgE-mediated skin rash needs to be evaluated. The current practice of complete avoidance of the suspected antibiotics without further evaluation may be unwarranted.
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PMID:Study of skin rashes after antibiotic use in young children. 979 29


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