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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Allergic symptoms occur commonly in subjects working closely with locusts and are associated with specific IgE antibody. Extracts of intact locusts (Schistocerca gregaria and Locusta migratoria) were used to identify specific IgE antibody, to define the major allergens of the locust and their sources, and to estimate aeroallergen concentration in the working environment. With questionnaire, skin prick tests, and specific IgE measurements, 35 individuals, working in a research center, were surveyed. Of the 15 currently exposed individuals, contact with locusts provoked asthma, rhinitis, and contact urticaria in five, rhinitis and urticaria in three, and rhinitis alone in one individual. Symptoms provoked by locusts and skin test reactions to locust extracts were associated with specific IgE antibody in the serum. The "immunoblot" technique demonstrated the presence of multiple allergens in the locust extracts of approximately 68, 66, 54, 43, 37, 29, and 18 K daltons molecular weight. Locust antigen was identified in the atmosphere by means of an immunochemical method involving elution of high-volume air-sampler filters exposed in the locust breeding room and analysis of eluate allergen content by RAST-inhibition assays. Logit transformation of RAST-inhibition lines demonstrated that the filter extract shared a common slope with the locust extract and with an extract of locust gut. This gut extract also shared a common slope with extracts of locust feces and peritrophic membrane. The major source of allergen appears to be the peritrophic membrane that is present in the gut and is excreted surrounding the feces.
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PMID:Occupational allergy to locusts: an investigation of the sources of the allergen. 334 82

We have previously reported on peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) transformation by allergen, PPD as a control antigen and PHA as a mitogen during and after a preseasonal immunotherapy period. The present report describes similar parameters during and after the ensuing maintenance treatment period. Ten patients with grass pollen rhinitis were treated with Allpyral extract and 10 with Conjuvac two-grass mixture. Lymphocyte transformation responses to grass antigen continued to be low for PBL from patients during the maintenance treatment. Postseasonal values were higher during treatment. In late autumn 1980, when treatment had been stopped, there was a spontaneous fall in lymphocyte stimulation values. Occasional high values were noticed in some patients, two of whom had treatment side effects (urticaria). Clinical data during the whole treatment period (skin prick test, provocation tests, serological parameters, total IgE, grass-specific IgE, grass-specific IgG, pollen counts, symptom scores, clinical effect and adverse reactions) have been published separately.
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PMID:Lymphocyte transformation by grass pollen allergens: a study of atopic patients receiving immunotherapy. Part II. Patients during maintenance treatment. 341 11

Asthma, aspirin intolerance and nasal polyps form a triad of aspirin-induced asthma (AIA). Eighteen cases, 6 males and 12 females, who complained of asthma attacks and/or rhinorrhea after ingestion of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were encountered over several years. The mean age of onset was 32.1 for asthma and 25.4 for rhinitis. Asthma was found in all of the 18 cases and nasal polyps in 13 cases (72.2%). The polyps were recurrent and 7 patients had undergone polypectomies. Urticaria was seen in 44.4% and sinusitis diagnosed by X-ray in 81.8%. Sensitivity to at least one allergen was found in 7 out of 9 cases (77.8%) and 6 out of 11 cases (54.5%) gave results positive for RAST. Eosinophilia was seen in 14 out of 16 patients (87.5%). The pathogenesis of AIA is obscure but is probably related to inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis. We concluded that AIA is not a rare disease in Japan either, and the studies for eosinophilia may be useful for elucidation of the pathogenesis of AIA and nasal polyps.
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PMID:Aspirin-induced asthma and nasal polyps. 346 81

Bronchial hyperreactivity was studied in 79 patients who gave a history of allergic symptoms. Twenty-nine of them suffered from rhinitis, 28 from eczema, 21 from urticaria and one from gastrointestinal allergy. Forced expiration in the first second (FEV1) was measured in each. If FEV1 was greater than 1 l a histamine challenge was done. Histamine (0.6 mg/ml) was inhaled by tidal breathing for one minute. FEV1 was measured before the inhalation and two min after cessation of the inhalation. If FEV1 dropped greater than 20% the inhalation was assessed as positive and the provocation was stopped. If the challenge was not positive another inhalation with histamine (2.4 mg/ml, l min) was done. If FEV1 dropped greater than 20% when measured two min after the inhalation the provocation was called positive. Twenty-two patients with rhinitis had a negative bronchial challenge, six had a positive. One of them had asthma, three suffered also from cough and/or serous sputum production, and two had hay fever. Out of 28 with eczema, 20 had negative histamine challenge and five a positive. Four of these suffered from daily cough and/or serous sputum production, one had no airway symptoms. Fifteen out of 21 suffering from urticaria had a negative histamine challenge, three had a positive. Two of them suffered from asthma and one complained of daily cough and/or serous sputum production. It is concluded that allergic subjects without symptoms from the airways, have a bronchial reactivity to inhaled histamine similar to the general population.
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PMID:Bronchial hyperreactivity in allergic subjects. 346 10

One hundred and six of 503 (21%) consecutive children with asthma, who from 1979 to 1983 commenced hyposensitization therapy, were prospectively studied on the safety of immunotherapy. More than 80% of the patients completed therapy without side effects. Thirteen patients were withdrawn from hyposensitization due to moderate and predictable, but intolerable, side effects such as asthma/rhinitis, urticaria and subcutaneous nodules and hypersensitivity to aluminium. However, more alarming was the outcome in six children, who after an uneventful course of immunotherapy and after several months on maintenance therapy, suddenly, 5 to 20 min (mean 10 min) following an earlier tolerable allergen injection, developed severe, anaphylactic reactions, in three of them nearly fatal. Mould extracts were responsible for the most frequent and serious side effects (Alternaria iridis/alternata, 3 patients, Cladosporium herbarum, 8 patients). Furthermore, serious, but not immediately life-threatening, anaphylactic reactions occurred in two children treated with Phleum pratense. On the other hand, hyposensitization with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus was very well tolerated.
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PMID:A prospective study on the safety of immunotherapy in children with severe asthma. 354 37

Unrecognized sinusitis has been cited by others as a significant unrecognized factor in patients with asthma, chronic rhinitis, and urticaria. The current study examines the utility of roentgenography of the paranasal sinuses in such patients. Forty-seven percent of patients with flare-ups of asthma had abnormal sinus roentgenograms, a highly significant difference from the 29% prevalence in patients presenting with complaints of rhinitis. The patient's clinical history was most often not helpful in predicting whether or not roentgenographic abnormalities of the sinuses would be detected. Since maxillary sinusitis is the most frequent finding, the erect Waters' view is the most useful single roentgenogram.
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PMID:Occult sinus abnormalities in the asthmatic patient. 368 71

An indirect double-antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the measurement of human immunoglobulin E (IgE) and IgG to the cow's milk proteins (CMP) alpha-casein, alpha-lactalbumin, and beta-lactoglobulin. Human serum albumin was used as the negative-antigen control. Rabbit anti-human IgE or IgG served as the primary antibody, and horseradish peroxidase-conjugated swine anti-rabbit immunoglobulin served as the secondary antibody. Positive control sera were obtained from patients with well-documented histories of cow's milk allergy, while negative control sera were obtained from cord bloods of healthy full-term infants and from normal adult volunteers without known milk allergy. Test sera were obtained from 41 children (ages, 3 months to 13 years; average age, 2.6 years) with suspected cow's milk allergy and clinical manifestations that included wheezing, rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, urticaria, or gastrointestinal disturbances. The patients were simultaneously evaluated by prick skin testing with scratch test antigen to whole CMP. Although only 13 (32%) of the 41 patients were positive by the prick skin test, 25 (61%) were positive by the IgE ELISA. Of the 25 IgE ELISA-positive patients, 20 were also positive by the IgG ELISA. There was concordance of positive results between skin testing and the IgE ELISA in only 9 patients (22%), and there was concordance of negative results in 12 patients (29%). Discordant results were observed in 20 patients (49%). These results indicate that the ELISA is more sensitive than prick skin testing in the identification of individuals with elevated levels of IgE to CMP.
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PMID:Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for measurement of human immunoglobulins E and G to purified cow's milk proteins: application in diagnosis of cow's milk allergy. 369 41

Out of 2.513 clinical files of allergic children, we have found 200 pollen-allergic patients, which represent 7.9% of the total allergic pathology in children, in our environment. We have studied in these 200, the most important epidemiological parameters and the influence that this can cause upon the characteristics of this disease. A male predominance has been found (70%) and it has been discovered that 52% of the total were born in spring (p less than 0.0005). An hundred per cent have shown grass-pollen sensitiveness and 52% have also shown other kinds of pollen hypersensitivity. It has been found familiar allergic background in 76.5% of the cases and in 32.5% familiar allergic history of pollinosis. Unexpectedly, those who were in lack of familiar allergic history began their clinical symptoms earlier; 51.06% before 6 years of age (p less than 0.05). Other kinds of allergic manifestations were found in 51%, being respiratory symptoms the most important (35.5%), followed by the cutaneous (23.5%) and digestive ones (10.5%). Allergy to drugs was found in 10.5%. The more frequent symptoms of pollinosis were in order of importance: rhinitis (86.5%), conjunctivitis (77%), asthma (48%), spasmodic cough (27.5%) and urticaria (4%). Asthma induced by grass-pollen hypersensitivity was equally suffered by the males as by the females, and this was more frequent among the patients who had previously suffered from non-pollinic respiratory allergies.
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PMID:[Natural history of pollinosis in childhood]. 370 20

A series of patients was identified who demonstrated immediate positive skin tests to intradermal Trichophyton extract. These skin responses did not correlate with other fungal skin tests and were present both in atopic and nonatopic patients. The individuals demonstrating positive immediate skin tests included patients with urticaria, angioedema, asthma, and/or rhinitis, as well as five of 34 normal control subjects. Most skin test positive individuals had a history of local fungal infection and clinical signs suggestive of fungal infection. By use of Trichophyton tonsurans extract linked to Sepharose as the immunosorbent, it was possible to measure IgE antibodies in 26/30 sera from skin test positive individuals. With strongly positive sera, RAST bound up to 30% of the radiolabeled anti-IgE added. The results confirm that most skin test positive individuals have IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to Trichophyton. These observations support the older view that absorption of dermatophyte allergen through the skin should be considered as a possible cause of allergic disease.
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PMID:Serum IgE antibodies to Trichophyton in patients with urticaria, angioedema, asthma, and rhinitis: development of a radioallergosorbent test. 380 46

Food allergy in childhood is a popular subject which has attracted disapprobation from certain quarters because of overinflated claims based on flimsy evidence. In this article food intolerance and allergy are defined and the pathogenesis of food allergic reactions is considered. There is a description of the role that food allergy may play in urticaria, angioedema, anaphylaxis, eczema, asthma, rhinitis, cow's milk sensitive enteropathy, infantile colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, migraine and hyperactivity. Factitious food allergy is discussed and the general unhelpfulness of 'allergy testing' commented upon. Finally there is a description of the use of various exclusion diets in the diagnosis and treatment of food allergic disorders. It is concluded that food allergy is important in an increasing number of childhood diseases, but it is not clear what proportion of children with a given condition will respond to dietary measures. The importance of ensuring that exclusion diets are nutritionally adequate is stressed, and there is a plea to remember that an exclusion diet might be worse than the disease itself.
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PMID:Food allergy in childhood. 390 3


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