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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This article describes the terms used for the various syndromes and diseases associated with reactions to foods; it outlines the principal types of food intolerance encountered in children, with particular emphasis on those caused by immune-mediated reactions of immediate hypersensitivity. Terms defined include food intolerance or food sensitivity; food allergy or food hypersensitivity; psychologically based food reactions (food aversions); and psychosocial and neurologic dysfunction. The spectrum of food sensitivity is considerable, and diagnosis is generally based on the monitoring of effects of exclusion diets and provocation tests, after appropriate objective measures are first selected. In children, manifestations of IgE-mediated food allergy (often in association with other immune mechanisms) include self-limiting and immediate reactions (e.g., urticaria, wheeze) and chronic diseases (food-sensitive enteropathies, eczema). Controversial and unresolved issues exist with some other conditions, including eosinophilic gastroenteritis, occult gastrointestinal bleeding, protein-losing enteropathy, and attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. New methods for clinical investigation of gastrointestinal tract function and intestinal immune reactions are required to assess the relevance of foods in these conditions.
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PMID:Definitions and diagnosis of food intolerance and food allergy: consensus and controversy. 144 36

A joint study group on cow's milk allergy was convened by the Emilia-Romagna Working Group for Paediatric Allergy and by the Emilia-Romagna Working Group for Paediatric Gastroenterology to focus best practice for diagnosis, management and follow-up of cow's milk allergy in children and to offer a common approach for allergologists, gastroenterologists, general paediatricians and primary care physicians.The report prepared by the study group was discussed by members of Working Groups who met three times in Italy. This guide is the result of a consensus reached in the following areas. Cow's milk allergy should be suspected in children who have immediate symptoms such as acute urticaria/angioedema, wheezing, rhinitis, dry cough, vomiting, laryngeal edema, acute asthma with severe respiratory distress, anaphylaxis. Late reactions due to cow's milk allergy are atopic dermatitis, chronic diarrhoea, blood in the stools, iron deficiency anaemia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, constipation, chronic vomiting, colic, poor growth (food refusal), enterocolitis syndrome, protein-losing enteropathy with hypoalbuminemia, eosinophilic oesophagogastroenteropathy. An overview of acceptable means for diagnosis is included. According to symptoms and infant diet, three different algorithms for diagnosis and follow-up have been suggested.
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PMID:Cow's milk protein allergy in children: a practical guide. 2020 81