Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of solar urticaria is described showing: (I) Action spectra for late erythema (MED), late swelling and wealing with one peak of sensitivity for erythema and wealing at 405 nm. (2) No signs of porphyria. (3) Possibly increased skin mast cells. (4) Short-lived post-irradiation fibrin deposition. (5) Haemolysis. (6) Apparent suppression of urticaria with the antihistamine Incidal.
 ...
PMID:Solar urticaria. A case with possible increase of skin mast cells. 23 38

39 patients were treated with carotinoids (beta-carotene alone or combined with canthaxanthine) with an oral dose of 50-150 mg/d, some of them for a period of several years. 23 of these were patients with porphyria (erythropoietic protoporphyria [EPP] 20, congenital erythropoietic porphyria 2, erythropoietic coproporphyria 1); 16 patients were suffering from various photodermatoses (solar urticaria 6, actinic reticuloid 5, UV-A intolerance 1, unclassified photodermatoses 4). Tolerance of the carotinoids was very good; no side effects were seen except for a yellow discoloration of the skin. In 19 of 20 EPP patients the result of the treatment was good, whereas no improvement was seen in the other kinds of porphyria. Of the 16 cases of photodermatoses not caused by porphyrinopathy, 6 responded to the therapy (solar urticaria 2, actinic reticuloid 2, UV-A intolerance 1, unclassified photodermatosis 1). Some cases showed great improvement as a result of the treatment.
 ...
PMID:[Treatment of photodermatoses with carotinoids (author's transl)]. 89 78

Photosensitivity to drugs and chemicals in the elderly is more prevalent due to more frequent use of medications. Phototoxic reactions to common, orally administered drugs such as diuretics, cardiac agents and antidiabetics may occur and the reactions may be remedied by discontinuing drug therapy. Photocontact dermatitis due to the ingredients in sunscreens or other agents, such as perfumes, may also arise. Diagnosis is often confirmed by photopatch testing and subsequent avoidance of these agents leads to gradual resolution. Idiopathic photodermatoses, such as sunlight-induced polymorphic light eruption or solar urticaria, may occur and persist from an early age and, in elderly subjects, they can cause mild to marked disability. The most disturbing disorder of this type is the severe, widespread eczematous chronic actinic dermatitis, which can be difficult to diagnose. Porphyrias, such as variegate porphyria or erythropoietic protoporphyria, may persist from an early age, whereas porphyria cutanea tarda generally begins in later life. Porphyrias all have specific clinical and biochemical features and, apart from variegate porphyria, usually respond well to treatment following diagnosis. Exposure of elderly skin to sunlight may also cause deterioration of many ordinary dermatoses, particularly seborrhoeic eczema, which generally respond to protection from UV exposure and to treatment of the underlying abnormality. Progress in identifying the underlying causes, the availability of increasingly sophisticated diagnostic techniques, and improvements in sunscreen preparations and therapeutic medications will probably significantly reduce abnormal photosensitivity in the elderly in the near future.
 ...
PMID:Photosensitivity in the elderly. 218 82

The porphyrias can be grouped conveniently by their presenting symptoms. Acute intermittent neurological symptoms of neuritis, abdominal pain and psychoses may occur in acute intermittent porphyria, hereditary coproporphyria and variegata porphyria. Increase of the porphyrin precursors delta-aminolaevulinic acid and porphobilinogen may be observed in the urine during attacks (Watson-Schwartz test). Patients with acute symptoms of photosensitivity with burning pain and oedema within short exposure periods may have erythropoietic protoporphyria, with high erythrocyte and stool protoporphyrins, erythropoietic coproporphyria, and in the last few years of life the more recently described hepatoerythropoietic porphyria. Symptoms of chronic photosensitivity include; hyperpigmentation, hypertrichosis, easy fragility of the skin with bullae and subsequent scarring in porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT), with increased uroporphyrin in the urine and stool; variegate porphyria with increased protoporphyrin and coproporphyrin in the stool; congenital erythropoietic porphyria with an increased copro- and uroporphyrin (isomer I) in the erythrocytes, urine and stool; and hepatoerythropoietic porphyria in later life, in which the chronic features are similar to PCT. In 1913 Meyer-Betz injected himself with 200 mg haematoporphyrin. Initially, at the higher levels, the symptoms were those of solar urticaria as observed in erythropoietic porphyria, but after several months became identical to PCT. A comparison of quantitative porphyrin analysis (performed on 323 patients with porphyria) and chromatography provides additional confirmation for the diagnosis.
 ...
PMID:Porphyria: genetic and acquired. 329 37

Dermatologic side effects of oral contraceptives are discussed. Pigment formation similar to cloasma is among the most frequent effects and may be treated by sunscreen preparations and use of a low-estrogen hormone combination. Oral contraception is generally related to a decrease in sebaceous and sweat secretion and to an improvement in acne conditions. Hair growth may also be influenced by oral contraception. Ovulation inhibitors appear to encourage Candida infections of the genitalia because of their effect on carbohydrate metabolism, and porphyria because of their effect on liver function. Allergic reactions such as eczema and urticaria are observed occasionally. Varicosis and thromboembolism, although not strictly dermatologic, are the most serious of the side effects of oral contraceptives. Their presence should be regarded as a partial contraindication to the prescription of oral contraceptives.
 ...
PMID:[Significance and adverse effects of oral contraceptives in dermatology]. 425 85

We have found that beta-carotene, when administered in sufficiently high doses, can be an effective therapy for ameliorating the photosensitivity associated with EPP. Other workers have confirmed our findings, using either beta-carotene, canthaxanthin or combinations of these two carotenoids. Carotenoids may be of some use in congenital porphyria, if given in high doses and started when the patient is very young. Carotenoid treatment seems of limited use in polymorphous light eruption, solar urticaria, hydroa aestivale and hydroa vacciniforme: we would recommend their use in these conditions only after the more standard treatments for these diseases have proven ineffective for a given patient. Carotenoid treatment seems to be of no use in porphyria cutanea tarda and actinic reticuloid.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of erythropoietic protoporphyria with beta-carotene. 653 27

Instrumentation for studying action spectra in controls and various light-associated diseases is described. This study summarizes tests performed with a prism grating monochromator during the last 10 yr. There were 68 photodermatoses studied: xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) (1), lupus erythematosus (LE) (12), polymorphous light eruption (PLE) (23), solar urticaria (4), actinic reticuloid (2), halogenated salicylanilide photosensitivity and persistent light reactors (11), psoralen photosensitivity (6), and porphyria (9). A normal minimal erythema dose in the UVB (below 320 nm) was generally observed in polymorphous light eruption and lupus erythematosus. The most exquisite photosensitivity for delayed erythema was observed in actinic reticuloid, which in one case was 25-35 times more sensitive in the UVB range which was also observed but to a lesser extent in XP and in persistent light reactors. Persistence of erythema and edema at test sites was observed in XP, PLE, LE, and actinic reticuloid. A delay in development of erythema reaching a maximum at 72 hr was observed in XP and psoralen phototoxicity. Maximum photosensitivity occurred in solar urticaria. Three patients had peak sensitivity in the range of 310-313 nm and the 4th at 460 nm. Photosensitivity in the visible range was detected in 2 patients with solar urticaria, one with actinic reticuloid, and confirmed in 9 patients with porphyria (405 nm). Photosensitivity in the UVA (above 320 nm) occurred to some degree in all groups.
 ...
PMID:Instrumentation and action spectra in light-associated diseases. 725 55

Solar urticaria is a rare disorder characterized by erythema, pruritus, and urticaria occurring minutes after exposure to a light source. It is one of several photosensitive conditions, such as phototoxic reaction, photoallergic reaction, systemic lupus erythematosus, and porphyria, that can cause photosensitivity. Herein we report a case of solar urticaria and review the rational approaches to its diagnosis and treatment.
 ...
PMID:Solar urticaria: a case report. 864 60

The inducing or exacerbating effect of sunlight on skin diseases is often not appreciated in tropical countries, perhaps because of the perennial presence of sunlight, and a retrospective review of photodermatoses seen in a referral skin clinic was therefore carried out. The photodermatoses seen were secondary photoaggravation of primary skin diseases (32.2%), systemic drug photosensitivity (11.3%), polymorphic light eruption (13%), chronic actinic dermatitis (5.3%), solar urticaria (5.3%), actinic prurigo (4%), photoallergic contact dermatitis (2.6%), porphyria (1.3%) and xeroderma pigmentosum (1.3%). Compared with the results of Western studies, there were more photoaggravated underlying skin diseases and systemic drug photosensitivity, and fewer idiopathic photodermatoses and photoallergic contact dermatitis; the common photoallergens were chlorpromazine, promethazine and musk ambrette, very similar to those seen in the West.
 ...
PMID:Photodermatoses in a Singapore skin referral centre. 895 95

For cost-effective diagnosis of porphyric syndromes, a logical stepwise approach is best. If neurovisceral features suggest an acute porphyric syndrome, a rapid screening test for urinary porphobilinogen should be performed. If clinical features suggest a cutaneous porphyria, then for solar urticaria and acute photosensitivity (suggesting protoporphyria) screening tests for increased erythrocytic porphyrins should be done; for vesiculobullous formation (suggesting porphyria cutanea tarda, hereditary coproporphyria, or variegate porphyria) a screening test for urinary porphyrins should be done. Positive screening tests should be confirmed with targeted quantitative testing. Enzymatic assays and DNA-based testing are not usually needed for rapid diagnosis or management of symptomatic subjects, but they are useful for kindred evaluation and genetic counseling.
 ...
PMID:Diagnosis of porphyric syndromes: a practical approach in the era of molecular biology. 951 79


1 2 Next >>