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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Strongyloidiasis is a parasitic disease, caused by Strongyloides stercoralis, an intestinal nematode, which is mainly endemic in tropical and subtropical regions. It can be sporadically found in the temperate zone, especially in closed communities and among people living under bad social conditions. Gastrointestinal, pulmonary and cutaneous symptoms may arise during the migration of the larvae. The infections are chronic and poor in symptoms among immunocompetent patients. Sometimes the cutaneous manifestation is the only symptom of the disease besides the distinct eosinophilia. Intense itching, erythematosus papule and petechiae develop at the site of the skin infection. Rapidly progressing linear, serpiginous, urticarial streaks are the pathognomic cutaneous manifestations that are called larva currents. The appearance of erythematosus, linear stripes are due to the migrating larvae in the skin. The most common nonspecific symptoms are urticaria, maculopapular exanthema, localized or generalized pruritus and prurigo. The parasite is uniquely able to carry out its whole life cycle inside the human body, so in immunocompromised patients the disease can lead to a hyperinfection syndrome with high mortality, due to the accelerated endogenous autoinfection. Authors present all possible skin manifestations of the strongyloidiasis, based on the case history of three brothers and sisters and that of a female patient suffering from hyperinfection syndrome.
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PMID:[Cutaneous manifestations of strongyloidosis]. 1004 7

Urticaria has many etiology and during its exploration, it's important to mind about parasitic disease. The authors present briefly ten of them potentially associated with this eruption. For each disease (ascaridiosis, trichinellosis, fasciolosis, giardiosis, toxocarosis, anisakidosis, cercarial dermatitis, schistosomiasis, strongyloidosis, hydatidosis), they precise epidemiological situation for contamination and simple diagnosis approach.
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PMID:[Urticaria and parasites]. 1057 85

Angioedema without an associated urticarial syndrome evokes a completely different differential diagnosis from urticaria. This review of the literature discusses hereditary angioedema as prototype of angioedema without urticaria. The review then establishes a differential diagnosis for angioedema, which includes allergic contact dermatitis, connective tissue disease, endocrine associations, parasitic disease, tumor masses, and miscellaneous causes for angioedema. Angioedema without urticaria is a distinct syndrome differing from chronic urticaria. The astute clinician should be familiar with the spectrum of disorders ranging from a functional or quantitative deficiency in C1-esterase inhibitor to a panoply of cutaneous and internal medical disorders. Angioedema without urticaria is a symptom in which there are many different disease mechanisms producing subcutaneous swelling recognizable as angioedema.
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PMID:Differential diagnosis of angioedema. 1247 44

Human toxocariasis is a worldwide parasitic disease. Children are more frequently infected because of the closer contact with contaminated soil and relatively frequent geophagia. Toxocariasis in children has variable modes of presentation but clinical diagnosis is difficult. Various clinical phenotypes of toxocariasis in symptomatic children attending Children's Hospital Mansoura University were studied. A total of 480 children were included in the study with mean age 7.24 +/- 4.22 years, 61.9% were boys and 200 age-sex-matched healthy controls. Patients were examined clinically, and the anti-Toxocara antibodies in the blood of children were performed by ELISA using T. canis larval excretory-secretory products as antigen. Eosinophils level in peripheral blood was measured. Sero-positive cases were 12 % of patients and only 3.5% of controls. Statistical analysis showed a significant association between infection and male sex (P <0.001). Sero-positive children were older than the sero-negative (P <0.001). Eosinophilia was detected in 86.2% of sero-positive children. Sero-positivity and degree of eosinophilia were more frequently detected among patients with allergy (bronchial asthma and urticaria). Degree of eosinophilia was found to be positively correlated to the optical density (OD) ELISA of anti-Toxocara IgG.
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PMID:Clinical varieties of Toxocariasis canis in Children's Hospital, Mansoura University: is it an underestimated problem? 2198 Jul 66

Anisakidosis is a human parasitic disease caused by infections with members of the Anisakidae family. Accidental infection after fish intake affects the gastrointestinal tract as a consequence of mechanical damage caused by migrating larvae. Infections can also trigger allergies, hives, severe asthma or anaphylaxis with angioedema. Although mouse models of intraperitoneal antigenic stimulation exist, enabling immunological studies, few models using gastric introduction of live larvae are available for the study of immunological and gastrointestinal damage in mice. This study was designed to characterize serum reactivity against Anisakis spp. and Contracaecum spp. in Balb/c mice following orogastric inoculation and to assess gastrointestinal damage. These anisakid species were classified at the Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF) School of Veterinary Medicine and materials for live larval inoculation were developed at the UFF Immunobiology laboratory. Live larvae were inoculated following injection with a NaCl solution. Blood samples were collected and sera screened for immunoglobulin (Ig)E and IgG anti-larva responses to both nematodes, specific for somatic and excretory/secretory antigens, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The means of the optical densities were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's post-hoc test and the general linear model. This analysis identified the presence of anti-IgG seroreactivity to both somatic and excretory/secretory Anisakis antigens in inoculated animals compared with controls (P< 0.001), and no gastric or intestinal damage was observed. These experiments demonstrated that introduction of live Contracaecum spp. into the gastrointestinal tract did not elicit serum sensitization in animals.
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PMID:Experimental anisakid infections in mice. 2478 Jan 78

Infection with Giardia produces a wide range of clinical outcomes. Acutely infected patients may have no overt symptoms or suffer from severe cramps, diarrhea, nausea and even urticaria. Recently, post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome have been identified as long-term sequelae of giardiasis. Frequently, recurrent and chronic Giardia infection is considered a major contributor to stunting in children from low and middle income countries. Perhaps the most unusual outcome of infection with Giardia is the apparent reduced risk of developing moderate-to-severe diarrhea due to other enteric infections which has been noted in several recent studies. The goal of understanding immune responses against Giardia is therefore to identify protective mechanisms which could become targets for vaccine development, but also to identify mechanisms whereby infections lead to these other diverse outcomes. Giardia induces a robust adaptive immune response in both humans and animals. It has been known for many years that there is production of large amounts of parasite-specific IgA following infection and that CD4+ T cell responses contribute to this IgA production and control of the infection. In the past decade, there have been advances in our understanding of the non-antibody effector mechanisms used by the host to fight Giardia infections, in particular the importance of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-17 in orchestrating these responses. There have also been major advances in understanding how the innate response to Giardia infection is initiated and how it contributes to the development of adaptive immunity. Finally, there here have been significant increases in our knowledge of how the resident microbial community influences the immune response and how these responses contribute to the development of some of the symptoms of giardiasis. In this article, we will focus on data generated in the last 10 years and how it has advanced our knowledge about this important parasitic disease.
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PMID:Recent insights into innate and adaptive immune responses to Giardia. 3163 Jul 58