Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Six species of Paragonimus have been reported in Thailand: P. siamensis in cat, bandicoot and rat; P. bangkokensis in mongoose; P. harinasutai in cat and dog (experiment); P. macrochis in bandicoot and rat; P. westermani in tiger and P. heterotremus in cat, dog and man. It is interesting to note that in 1965 two immature P. heterotremus worms were recovered for the first time in man, namely in subcutaneous swellings in a boy; in 1981 nine mature P. heterotremus worms were expectorated after praziquantel treatment. P. heterotremus has been postulated to be the main cause of human paragonimiasis in Thailand. The clinical manifestation of paragonimiasis heterotremus is similar to paragonimiasis westermani. In the 1960's and 1970's bithionol was used to treat paragonimiasis, the cure rate was only 50-60%, and side effects including urticaria, rash, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and dizziness were common. In the past 4 years, niclofolan and praziquantel (2-cyclohexyl-carbonyl-1,2,3,6,7,11b-hexahydro - 4H - pyrazino [2,1-a]isoquinolin-4-one, EMBAY 8440, Biltricide) have been used. A single dose of 2 mg/kg body weight of niclofolan yielded 100% cure rate. Praziquantel at dosages of 3 X 25 mg/kg body weight daily for one day and two days gave 80% and 100% cure rates, respectively. The eggs disappeared in 2-3 weeks with improvement of symptoms and signs, but radiologically lesions took a few months or more to clear, depending on size and severity. Side effects in the niclofolan group were higher; in the praziquantel group side effects were minimal and no toxic effects were detected.
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PMID:Paragonimus heterotremus and other Paragonimus spp. in Thailand: pathogenesis, clinic and treatment. 654 91

A new variant of cholinergic urticaria is described. Four patients each had a similar persistent macular skin rash distributed maximally over the upper limbs and upper trunk. Though the rash was persistent, individual macules were of short duration but new macules continually appeared at adjacent sites. Exercise and hot baths exacerbated pruritus and provoked lesions in previously unaffected areas. Topically applied benzoyl scopolamine blocked the appearance of the lesions after challenge. Tests of cholinergic function were normal, apart from an exaggerated pupillary response to arecoline in one patient.
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PMID:Persisting cholinergic erythema: a variant of cholinergic urticaria. 661 21

Captopril was used for treatment resistant arterial hypertension in 17 dialysis patients. Excellent blood-pressure control with diastolic blood-pressure less than 95 mmHg was obtained in 10 out of 17 patients (59%), with captopril as only drug in 8 patients. Six patients have been treated more than 6 months and 4 patients have been on the treatment for 1 year. The dosage of captopril could be kept low with maintained antihypertensive and angiotensin converting enzyme blocking effects. The acute blood-pressure lowering effect of captopril in dialysis patients was correlated to the initial plasma renin activity (p less than 0.001) but not long-term treatment, which was successful also in several low-renin patients. A few adverse reactions were encountered, e.g. urticaria and bullous exanthema, but all resolved when captopril treatment was stopped. Plasma potassium increased only from 4.8 +/- 0.1 to 5.0 +/- 0.1 mmol/l at the end of 1 month's treatment. Captopril appears to be a valuable drug for treatment of arterial hypertension in dialysis patients and offers an alternative to bilateral nephrectomy for the management of treatment resistant hypertension in these patients.
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PMID:Captopril treatment in hypertensive dialysis patients. 676 61

Twenty patients with hereditary angio-oedema (HAO) were regularly observed. Trauma often initiates the swellings of HAO which, once formed, may continue to spread. In the prodromal rash too, a narrow band of weals spreads out from a central point, which often corresponds to a site of trauma e.g. a pin prick. The relationship of these observations to the role of trauma in the initiation and spread of weals in other forms of urticaria is discussed.
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PMID:The role of trauma in the spreading weals of hereditary angio-oedema. 682 76

We report 8 infants with immediate hypersensitivity reactions to foods (milk, egg, or peanut), occurring at the first-known exposure. Each developed symptoms within the first hour, but these generally settled within 2 hours. Sensitisation to the food concerned was demonstrated by positive immediate allergen skin prick tests in every case. Symptoms experienced included irritability, erythematous rash, urticaria, angio-oedema, vomiting, rhinorrhoea, and cough. Five infants were being followed prospectively and 4 were clinically tolerant of the food by age 16 months. The most likely route of sensitisation was via breast milk. None of the infants experienced similar reactions while being breast fed, suggesting that the reaction was dose dependent. As 5 out of a group of 80 infants being followed prospectively developed an immediate reaction at their first known exposure to a food, this appeared to be a not uncommon presentation of food hypersensitivity in infancy.
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PMID:Immediate food hypersensitivity reactions on the first known exposure to the food. 684 27

Clinical trials of 9,3"-diacetylmidecamycin (MOM), a new macrolide antibiotic were carried out on 46 pediatric patients of 1 month to 11 years old with infections (acute pharyngitis 12, acute tonsillitis 1, acute bronchitis 14, asthmatic bronchitis 10, acute pneumonia 1, primary atypical pneumonia 2, Mycoplasma pneumonia 4 and pertussis 2). As a rule, MOM was given orally at a daily dose of 20 approximately 40 mg/kg divided into 3 times. The clinical results were excellent in 5 patients, good in 21, fair in 7 and poor in 13 and the efficacy rate was 56.5%. Side effects were observed in 4 patients (diarrhea, exanthema, urticaria and eosinophilia, 1 patient respectively). MOM is easy to take and a useful antibiotic for treating patients with bacterial infections, in particular, respiratory tract infection caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
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PMID:[Clinical studies of 9,3"-diacetylmidecamycin in pediatric field (author's transl)]. 697 41

White Erythema is combined with an augmentation of heat radiation only if the convection of heat is increased, reflectoric flush phenomenon is detected more reliably by thermography than reflex photometrics. Urticarial exanthema shows an increased heat radiation if the edema derives from the deeper layers of the skin vessels, whereas a cooling effect results from an edema affecting the superficial layers of the skin. Papular lesions with inflammation are characterized by increased heat radiation. Most of the benign skin tumors are not characterized by an increased convection of heat and show approximately the same temperature as the surrounding skin. Diminished heat isolation by atrophy of the subcutaneous fat is followed by an increase of heat radiation by the conduction of heat from the warm inside of the core. The blood storage capacity of the deeper venous plexus and varicose veins of the lower legs maintain a raised skin temperature which can be decreased by pharmacological vasoconstriction of these veins by catecholamines and serotonin. Finally, the pharmacological effectiveness of topically applied drugs can change the blood flow through the skin vessels and alter the heat radiation of the skin surface.
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PMID:Thermographic evaluation of the benign diseases and reactive changes of the skin. 716 94

Clinical effect of acetylspiramycin, one of macrolide antibiotics, primary atypical pneumonia and serologically proven Mycoplasma pneumonia in children was studied. Twenty-four cases of these pneumonia (PAP 11, MP 13) in children were selected and acetylspiramycin was given in dose of approximately 30 mg/kg/day orally. Clinical response was evaluated in terms of improvement in fever, cough and chest X-ray. Clinical response was excellent in 4, good in 5, fair in 14 cases and none in 1 case. No definite adverse effect was observed, however 3 cases showed skin rashes. Two cases showed evanescent small erythematopapulous rash and 1 case developed urticaria on the 2nd to 4th day after this drug was given. These skin rash seemed one of the manifestation of Mycoplasma infections, rather than adverse side effect. One case showed elevated transaminase activity before acetylspiramycin was given and improved on the 2nd week, although this drug was continued. No other side effect was observed. We were able to use acetylspiramycin only in the form of 200 mg tablet and difficulty of the administration was encountered in children under 5 years of age. Other form (dry syrup, etc.) of this drug should be considered for the clinical use in children. In conclusion, acetylspiramycin was effective and safe for the treatment of primary atypical pneumonia and Mycoplasma pneumonia.
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PMID:[Clinical effect of acetylspiramycin on primary atypical pneumonia in children (author's transl)]. 732 Nov 87

A total of 44 patients with Hodgkin's disease and 23 patients with non-Hodgkin malignant lymphoma were treated with MOPP-combination chemotherapy. 4 patients with Hodgkin's disease and 8 with non-Hodgkin lymphoma developed urticaria or maculo-papular rash. This frequency of hypersensitivity reactions is higher than that expected from the few cases reported in the literature.
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PMID:Procarbazine-induced skin reactions in Hodgkin's disease and other malignant lymphomas. 737 14

300 children considered to have had adverse reactions to penicillin were examined. Informed consent was obtained from the parents. Skin tests were conducted by the scratch/prick and intradermal techniques, using benzylpenicilloyl polylysine conjugate and a mixture of minor determinants of penicillin. Specific anti-penicillin IgE antibodies were estimated by the radioallergosorbent test. There was a good correlation between the two methods. The overall frequency of positive tests was 19%. 11 children showed cutaneous reactivity only to the minor determinants mixture. Positive results were found more often in those with accelerated adverse reactions, particularly anaphylaxis, serum sickness, angio-oedema, or urticaria. The validity of penicillin-negative results was confirmed by drug challenge in 56 subjects, only 2 of whom showed a slight skin rash. Of 5 patients with positive tests, inadvertent administration of penicillin produced accelerated urticaria in all. 14 of 42 children with positive tests had lost hypersensitivity to penicillin one year later. In a separate group of 50 children with a history of adverse response to ampicillin, the overall frequency of positive tests was 12%; 38% showed evidence of recent E-B virus infection. It was concluded that penicillin allergy is often overdiagnosed. The diagnosis can be reliably confirmed by skin tests using major and minor determinants of benzylpenicillin and by the radioallergosorbent test; such hypersensitivity is not permanent.
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PMID:Penicillin allergy: anti-penicillin IgE antibodies and immediate hypersensitivity skin reactions employing major and minor determinants of penicillin. 743 56


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