Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The high rate of dermatologic adverse effects associated with bupropion use may extend to its sustained-release preparation, currently prescribed extensively for smoking cessation as well as for treatment of depressive conditions. We report what we believe to be the first case, in a 31-year-old woman, of erythema multiforme after administration of sustained-release bupropion (Wellbutrin SR) for treatment of depression. This report emphasizes that prescribers must aggressively follow up their patients who have rashes or urticaria, discontinuing the medication as soon as erythema multiforme is suspected and watching closely for the emergence of potentially life-threatening dermatologic conditions.
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PMID:Bupropion-induced erythema multiforme. 1139 9

Pesticides are chemical substances used in agricultural production to protect crops against pests. They help to achieve better quality and quantity of crops; however, they also are capable of causing occupational diseases in farmers. Skin is the most exposed organ while spraying the pesticide on fields. Farmers are also exposed to pesticides while mixing, loading the pesticide as well as while cleaning the equipment and disposing of empty containers. Other activities associated with exposure are sowing pesticide-preserved seeds, weeding and harvesting previously sprayed crops. During the first decades of using pesticides the main problem was the risk of acute intoxication among people occupationally exposed. With decrease in the toxicity of improved pesticides, attention was turned to chronic intoxication and environmental contamination. Nowadays, the problem of diseases not immediately related to the toxic potential of pesticides gains increasing interest. The majority of these non-toxic diseases are dermatoses. Most pesticide-related dermatoses are contact dermatitis, both allergic or irritant. Rare clinical forms also occur, including urticaria, erythema multiforme, ashy dermatosis, parakeratosis variegata, porphyria cutanea tarda, chloracne, skin hypopigmentation, nail and hair disorders. Farmers exposed to arsenic pesticides are at risk of occupational skin cancer, mostly morbus Bowen (carcinoma in situ), multiple basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. Non-arsenic pesticides, e.g. paraquat, are also potentially carcinogenic.
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PMID:Pesticides as a cause of occupational skin diseases in farmers. 1142 18

Photosensitive disorders may be classified as those entirely caused by solar exposure and the photoaggravated disorders. Those in the former category include polymorphic light eruption, juvenile spring eruption, actinic prurigo, hydroa vacciniforme, solar urticaria, also chronic actinic dermatitis. Genodermatoses whose expression mainly depends on UV or light exposure include the DNA repair deficient disorders, some disorders of cornification, the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome and porphyria. Examples of photoaggravated diseases include lupus erythematosus, erythema multiforme, atopic eczema, psoriasis, viral exanthemata, pemphigus, dermatitis herpetiformis and rosacea. Drugs and chemicals may interact with UV to induce photosensitivity. In many of these diseases the action spectrum is known or may be determined by phototesting. Recognition of the reaction patterns associated with the photodermatoses greatly assists clinical classification of the photodermatoses.
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PMID:Diseases associated with photosensitivity. 1174 94

In the last years we can observe an increase incidence of dermatoses after drug administration, which later require specialistic help and hospitalization. It especially concerns with nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs (considering their widespread application, possibility of purchasing them without prescription and large media advertising. The authors of this article wanted to present the significance of this problem analysing a group of patients at the Department of Dermatology in Cracow in the years 1997-2001. Attention was paid to a variety of cutaneous changes after they had been treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). The dermatoses which are not commonly considered as drug related, have also been presented. In general, medical documentation of 193 patients being suspected of having symptoms of drug related character of cutaneous changes were presented. The given drug was recognized as being the cause of disease development based on the method recommended by the French Surveillance Network. In 31 patients a connection of the cutaneous changes with NSAID administration was proved. In the analysed group of patients, women dominated (61.3%), the mean age of the examined patients was 42 years. The increase in occurrence frequency of dermatoses after taking NSAID was observed in regard to all the hospitalized patients (from 0.48% in the year 1997 to 0.99% in the year 2001). From among the drugs responsible for causing cutaneous changes which required hospitalization, aspirin took the first place, pyralgin the second, and paracetamol the third one. Urticaria prevailed in cutaneous changes after having taken NSAID. More rarely other cutaneous changes, like erythema multiforme or drug induced exanthema, took place. The fact that various drugs often cause similar cutaneous changes and even the same drug can provoke different morphological reactions makes the diagnostic process of the described dermatoses extremely difficult.
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PMID:[Cutaneous changes occurring after taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs--five-years' retrospective studies]. 1273 68

Fungi, well known as infectious factors so far, are important allergens too. A fungal id reaction is defined as a distant skin manifestation of an established fungal infection. The most typical setting is in association with tinea of the feet. The main id reactions are well established. A widespread lichen trichophyticus--eruption of small follicular papules grouped or diffuse. The eruption is symmetrical, usually pronounced on the trunk but in severe cases extending down to the lower limbs, even sometimes involving the face. The common cause of this type of id reaction is scalp ringworm of kerion type, caused typically by Trichophyton verrucosum. The treatment of the original ringworm lesion may play a role in initiation of the process. A pompholyx-like id affecting the interdigital spaces and palmar surfaces of the fingers, the palms and sometimes the dorsal surfaces of the hands. This eruption is associated with an acute inflammatory tinea of the feet and may develop spontaneously or as a result of inappropriate treatment. The palmar and web space skin may be covered with papules or vesicles. Sometimes blisters or pustules may occur. Other varieties of mycides include eczematous eruptions, erysipelas-like dermatitis, psoriasiform dermatitis, erythema multiforme, erythema annulare centrifugum, erythema nodosum, and urticaria. Adequate antifungal therapy is recommended as the treatment of allergic diseases caused by superficial fungi.
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PMID:[Allergic phenomena in the course of dermatomycoses]. 1452 64

From the results of treatment of 1,770 patients with dermatologic diseases (1,458 as reported in the literature and 312 observed by the author) it is concluded that antihistaminic preparations are of great value in allergic diseases where it is hypothecated that liberated histamine is the offender, as in acute edematous types of urticaria, erythema multiforme, and some cases of allergic pruritus. The indiscriminate use of these drugs is to be avoided. Antihistaminic drugs are palliative-they do not cure. They often prolong the disease. They give temporary relief from swelling and pruritus. They develop no specific immunity and do not replace immunizing efforts. They do not replace or interfere with epinephrine or ephedrine.
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PMID:Antihistaminic drugs in dermatology. 1477 11

Plasma concentrations of interleukin-10 (IL-10) were examined in 126 patients with drug-induced cutaneous reactions: maculopapular eruptions (ME), erythema multiforme (EM), erythema multiforme coexisting with erythema nodosum (EMN), drug-induced urticaria (DU), hyperergic vasculitis (HV), Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN). Activity of the cytokine was measured using the immunoenzymatic ELISA method: a) in the acute stage of disease before treatment was administered, and b) after clearing of skin lesions, after treatment. In the acute stage of disease highly elevated mean concentrations of IL-10 in all 6 groups of patients were found (p<0.001) in comparison with the control. After clearing of clinical symptoms IL-10 concentrations were decreased highly significantly (ME, EM, DU, HV) or significantly (EMN, SJS/TEN) in comparison with the values before treatment, but remained still considerably elevated (p<0.001; p<0.01) when compared with the healthy control. Results of this study indicate that the compensatory antiinflammatory response, expressed as elevated IL-10 activity, is induced as early as in the acute stage of skin lesions and lasts longer than clinical symptoms of drug-induced cutaneous reactions.
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PMID:Plasma activity of interleukin-10 in drug-induced cutaneous reactions. 1531 7

Plasma concentrations of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and its soluble receptor (sIL-2R) were examined in 126 patients with drug-induced skin reactions: maculopapular eruptions (ME), erythema multiforme (EM), erythema multiforme coexisting with erythema nodosum (EMN), drug-induced urticaria (DU), hyperergic vasculitis (HV), Stevens-Johnsson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN). The activity of both proteins were measured using immunoenzymatic ELISA method: a) in the acute stage of disease, before treatment was administered, and b) after clearing of skin symptoms, after treatment. In the acute stage of disease highly elevated mean concentrations of IL-2 and sIL-2R in all 6 groups of patients were found (p<0.001) in comparison with the control. After clearing of skin lesions IL-2 mean concentrations were lowered to the level not different significantly from the control (p>0.05), but slL-2R mean plasma concentrations, despite the deep decrease, were still highly significantly elevated in comparison with control values (p<0.001).
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PMID:Interleukin-2 and its soluble receptor in selected drug-induced cutaneous reactions. 1532 58

We report 2 cases of nonspecific postvaccinial dermatitis following smallpox vaccination. The patients presented with diffuse, pruritic, erythematous macules and papules 11 days (case 1) and 7 days (case 2) following routine smallpox vaccination. Biopsies of the lesions demonstrated spongiotic dermatitis without evidence of viral cytopathic changes. One case showed a pityriasis rosea-like histologic pattern. The exanthema resolved without sequelae with symptomatic treatment (case 1). Review of historical literature demonstrated the association of a variety of nonspecific cutaneous complications with vaccinia inoculation, including erythema multiforme, urticaria, and pityriasis rosea. The association of these various dermatitides with smallpox immunization is not well known and is likely underreported.
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PMID:Papular spongiotic dermatitis of smallpox vaccination: report of 2 cases with review of the literature. 1538

Since, their introduction, COX (cyclooxygenase enzyme)-2 specific inhibitors have become a rapidly growing segment of the prescription drug market. Researchers have recently focused on the potentially lethal side effects associated with their. FDA has banned the use of nimesulide (hepatotoxic) in pediatric patients and rofecoxib (cardiovascular complications) in both adults and children. COX-2 inhibitors may decrease vascular prostacyclin production and may tip the balance in favour of prothrombotic eicosanoids (thromboxane A2) and lead to increased cardiovascular thrombotic events. COX-2 inhibitors can also result into increase blood pressure, macular eruptions, urticaria, pseudoporphyria, erythema multiforme, oedema, worsening of heart failure, fatal allergic vasculitis and aggravation of doxorubicin-mediated cardiac injury. The COX-2 enzyme is also involved in the development of many organ systems, and its inhibition may lead to various congenital defects in neonates. It has been reported that COX-2 inhibitors also interfere with implantation, hence their use should be avoided in sexually active women at risk of pregnancy. However, presently the choice of COX-2 selective inhibitors for a particular patient should be based upon their relative efficacy, toxicity, concomitant drug use, concurrent disease states, hepatic and renal function and relative cost.
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PMID:COX-2 selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: current status. 1592 4


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