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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of caffeine was assessed on Vespa orientalis hornets maintained either in sealed breeding boxes or as entire colonies free to forage, and also on Apis mellifera bees within their hives. In a number of instances the hornets were also used to study the effect of various bodily extracts of queen hornets and of the following xanthines: Purine; hypoxanthine; uric acid; theophylline; and theobromine. The studied materials were found to exert an effect on three categories of activities: (1) Motor motility, flight, and construction; (2) sensory response to light (retinal and extraretinal), noise, irritability, orientation; and (3) physiological changes in appetite, copulation, oviposition, hibernation, resistance to cold, and longevity. Up to a point the produced effects were reversible. Throughout the period of experimentation the test insects did not show signs of tolerance or addiction towards caffeine.
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PMID:Effects of caffeine and various xanthines on hornets and bees. 11 3

Since about 1950 especially, dermatologists world-wide have been utilizing the positive side-effects, discovered by chance, of all groups of antibiotic and antimicrobial drugs. These drugs are used to treat certain non-microbially induced dermatoses, without any knowledge of the mechanisms involved. A short history is given and the most important drugs and the indications for their use are described. The following drugs are undoubtedly effective and sometimes even the therapy of choice: tetracyclines in acne vulgaris and rosacea (including rosacea keratitis); penicillin G in acrodermatitis atrophicans and cold urticaria; dapsone in dermatitis herpetiformis and - as a powerful adjuvant - in acne vulgaris and rosacea. Before the discovery of the socalled immunodepressive drugs, tetracycline was the only alternative to - or at least a highly effective adjuvant of - cortisone in dermatomyositis and chloroquine in localised and systemic lupus erythematosus. Finally, clioquinole was life-saving in acrodermatitis continua in children until this condition was recently identified as a zinc-deficiency syndrome. Therapeutical mechanisms have been found only in the case of acne, rosacea and dermatitis herpetiformis. In most other diseases the nature of the therapeutical effectiveness of antibiotic and antimicrobial drugs still remains a mystery.
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PMID:[Positive side-effects of antibiotic and antimicrobial drugs in therapy (author's transl)]. 16 43

Forty-three otherwise healthy patients mostly between the ages of 10 and 40 were seen in North India during a two-year period with urticaria which developed on taking a cold water bath, exposure to cold winds, evaporation of rain water or sweat in that order of frequency. There was no familial predisposition to cold urticaria or atopic disorders. The refrigeration test for cryo-proteins was negative. Only one patient developed a wheal on contact with ice but 38 of 43 patients showed an exaggerated erythema response to a cold-pressure test (cryo-stimulation test).
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PMID:Idiopathic acquired cold urticaria in North India. 16 79

Serum immunoglobulins, complement and alpha 1-antitrypsin were assayed in forty-eight patients with chronic urticaria. Thirteen cases had chronic cold urticaria and thirty-two had chronic idiopathic urticaria. Elevated mean serum IgM was found in chronic cold urticaria. Seven patients had partial immunoglobulin deficiencies. IgE was elevated in sixteen cases of chronic idiopathic and in two with chronic cold urticaria. Eight patients had depressed serum total haemolytic complement activity. Low C3 and normal C4 serum protein concentrations in four cases suggested alternative complement pathway activation. Twenty of forty-six patients were atopic, although specific allergies responsible for the urticaria were not identified in any of them. alpha 1-antitrypsin levels were normal in all patients. The data suggest that the aetiology and pathogenesis of chronic urticarias in this study are heterogeneous. No evidence of abnormality of the protease inhibitor system in either chronic idiopathic or chronic cold urticaria was found.
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PMID:Immunological parameters and alpha 1-antitrypsinin chronic urticaria. 31 14

Eight subjects with primary-acquired cold urticaria were treated with chlorpheniramine maleate, cyproheptadine hydrochloride, and placebo in a double-blind clinical trial. During three separate seven-day treatment periods, each patient took 4 mg of either active drug or lactose placebo three times a day. Objective measurements were made at the beginning and end of each treatment period by establishing the minimum time (MT) of cold stimulus application required to provoke urtication. In addition, the spontaneous appearance of cold urticaria lesions was recorded during each treatment period. The MT required for induction of urtication with a cold stimulus was significantly greater for eight patients receiving cyproheptadine as compared to chlorpheniramine or placebo (P less than .01). The study demonstrated that cyproheptadine had a significant suppressive action on experimental cold-induced urticaria, while placebo and chlorpheniramine proved ineffective.
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PMID:Primary acquired cold urticaria. Double-blind comparative study of treatment with cyproheptadine, chlorpheniramine, and placebo. 33 82

Deactivation is a phenomenon in which leucocytes exposed in vitro to a chemotactic factor in the absence of a concentration gradient are rendered relatively unresponsive to stimulation by a subsequent chemotactic gradient. In patients with idiopathic cold-induced urticaria, the elicitation of a local experimental angioedematous lesion causes the release of two chemotactic principles previously shown to deactivate leucocytes in vitro, high molecular weight neutrophil chemotactic factor (HMW-NCF) and eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis (ECF-A), into the venous circulation draining the challenged extremity. However, biopsy specimens of lesional skin sites obtained for up to 24 hr show no infiltration of cells. For this reason, the in vitro chemotactic responsiveness of neutrophils to the chemotactic factor HMW-NCF and C5 fragments were assessed in three patients at various times after experimental challenge. Leucocytes from venous effluent draining an experimentally-induced angioedematous lesion were markedly impaired in their chemotactic responsiveness to both chemotactic factors 5 min after challenge, while cells taken from an unchallenged extremity at the same time responded normally. Cells from both arms were equally impaired in their responsiveness 1 hr later, thereby demonstrating that the chemotactic defect becomes systemic. The acquired defect was dissipated 4 hr after challenge. These data suggest that deactivation may occur in vivo and may alter host responsiveness in states where chemotactic factors are released into the circulation.
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PMID:Inhibition of neutrophil chemotaxis in association with experimental angioedema in patients with cold urticaria: a model of chemotactic deactivation in vivo. 42 42

19 patients with cold urticaria, 5 with cold pruritus and 2 with cold rhinitis were successfully treated with peritol with the exception of one patient who suffered from a symptomatic pruritus due to polycythemia vera. Even in cases of recurrence the treatment was at once successful. Therefore peritol seems to be useful in the treatment of diseases due to cold.
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PMID:[Results of the treatment in cases of cold urticaria, cold pruritus and cold rhinitis with peritol (zyproheptadinhydrochlorid) (author's transl)]. 45 11

In a single patient with severe essential acquired cold urticaria, the following drug regimes were assessed: diphenhydramine, cyproheptadine, hydroxyzine, terbutaline, cimetidine, hydroxyzine plus cimetidine, and hydroxyzine plus terbutaline. Each regime showed favourable results, but a significance level of P = 0.01 was reached only for (a) hydroxyzine plus cimetidine in the suppression of erythema, and (b) the histamine H1 antagonists in the suppression of wealing.
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PMID:Treatment of cold urticaria. 47 87

An 80-year-old woman with essential cryoglobulinemia developed recurrent, widespread, purpuric lesions with superficial skin ulcers and cold urticaria. No disorders of other organ systems were recognized. Attempts to transfer the cold sensitivity passively by serum and isolated cryoprecipitate of the patient were successful. Immunochemical studies showed that the cryoglobulin was composed of IgG only. It was suggested that the cryoprecipitate might not be due to immune complex formation in this case.
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PMID:Essential IgG cryoglobulinemia with purpura and cold urticaria. 64 4

An unusual patient, with dermal nodules, flexion contractures of the fingers and toes, cold-induced urticaria, dermographism and serum hypocomplementaemia, had necrotizing cutaneous venulitis underlying the spontaneous lesions. Since necrotizing cutaneous venulitis could be experimentally induced by the physical stimuli of cold or trauma, the time-course of histopathological events was documented in the skin of this patient. The histopathological alterations were studied in 1 micron thick, Epon-embedded skin biopsy specimens over an interval of 6 days. The early massive degranulation of the mast cells was followed by the sequential infiltration of neutrophilic, eosinophilic and basophilic polymorphonuclear leucocytes, by the development of venular endothelial cell necrosis and by the deposition of fibrin. The persistent serum hypocomplementaemia involved the classic activating and amplification pathways. It seems possible that the unusual combination of pathobiological processes involving the mast cells and the complement system in this patient has created a unique syndrome, in which venules are damaged and the sheaths of the extensor tendons of the hands and feet become affected in time.
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PMID:Cutaneous necrotizing venulitis: a sequential analysis of the morphological alterations occurring after mast cell degranulation in a patient with a unique syndrome. 66 92


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