Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042109 (urticaria)
 6,569 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Menogaril, a semisynthetic derivative of nogalomycin, was brought to phase I clinical testing in patients with refractory solid tumors. Twenty-seven patients received 50 evaluable courses. Menogaril was given as a 1-2-hour iv infusion on 5 consecutive days, with courses repeated every 4 weeks, provided there was reversal of all drug-related toxic effects. The starting dose was 3.5 mg/m2/day X 5, with escalations in subsequent cohorts of patients to 56 mg/m2/day X 5. Neutropenia was dose dependent and dose limiting. At 56 mg/m2/day X 5, the median wbc count nadir was 1100/microliter, and two of four patients were hospitalized for fever and suspected bacteremia. At 50 mg/m2/day X 5, the wbc count nadir was 2300/microliter. Platelet toxicity was less severe. Nonhematologic toxicity consisted primarily of local urticaria and moderate to severe phlebitis at the infusion site, which were dose dependent and lasted up to 6 weeks. For phase II studies, the recommended dose of menogaril is 50 mg/m2/day for 5 consecutive days administered as a 2-hour intermittent infusion, repeated every 28 days.
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PMID:Phase I trial of menogaril administered as an intermittent daily infusion for 5 days. 294 44

Shunt nephritis syndrome consists of glomerulonephritis, mixed cryoglobulinemia, and persistent bacteremia. A 37-year-old woman with a prior history of a ventriculoatrial shunt presented complaining of urticaria. A skin biopsy specimen from one lesion showed findings consistent with vasculitis. Because microscopic hematuria was seen on urinalysis, systemic disease was suspected. The ensuing diagnostic workup revealed the syndrome of "shunt nephritis." To our knowledge, cutaneous findings of urticaria and vasculitis have not been previously reported in this interesting syndrome.
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PMID:Urticarial vasculitis, immune complex disease, and an infected ventriculoatrial shunt. 316 6

Most cases of neonatal group B streptococcal disease with early onset have an intrapartum pathogenesis. Attack rates are increased substantially in infants born to mothers with prenatal group B streptococcal colonization and various perinatal risk factors (premature labor, prolonged membrane rupture, or intrapartum fever). In a randomized controlled trial, we studied the effect of selective intrapartum prophylaxis with ampicillin in 160 such high-risk women. In infants born to mothers who received intravenous ampicillin during labor, as compared with controls who received no treatment, neonatal colonization with group B streptococci was present in 8 of 85 (9 percent) versus 40 of 79 (51 percent; P less than 0.001), colonization at multiple (greater than or equal to 3) sites was observed in 3 of 85 (4 percent) versus 24 of 79 (30 percent; P less than 0.001), and bacteremia occurred in none of 85 versus 5 of 79 (6 percent; P = 0.024). The side effects of ampicillin were limited to a single episode of urticaria in a mother who had no history of penicillin allergy. We conclude that intrapartum ampicillin prophylaxis in women with positive prenatal cultures for group B streptococci who have certain perinatal risk factors can prevent early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal disease.
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PMID:Prevention of early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal disease with selective intrapartum chemoprophylaxis. 352 Mar 19

Imipenem-cilastatin was given in doses of 1 g intravenously every 6 h to 31 patients. Twenty-five patients, with 27 infections, were clinically evaluable and received 20 to 210 g of imipenem for a duration of 5 to 56 days (average 16.3 days). Infections included seven cases of osteomyelitis, seven of bacteremia, five of cellulitis, two of pneumonia, three of pelvic cellulitis, two of intraabdominal abscess, and one each of empyema, mediastinitis, and endometritis. Fifty-five percent of the infections were caused by gram-negative bacilli, 33% were due to gram-positive organisms, and 10% were caused by anaerobes. Twenty-two patients (81%) were cured, three improved, one relapsed, and one became superinfected with a resistant organism. In 5 of 11 cases with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the imipenem MIC for organisms isolated by the end of treatment was higher than it was initially, raising concern that imipenem should not be used alone to treat Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. Twenty-one patients had no adverse reaction; of the remaining 10 patients, 4 had nausea, 1 had urticaria, and 6 had mild abnormalities in hepatic function; three episodes of diarrhea included two with Clostridium difficile toxin in stool and one with pseudomembranous colitis, as determined by sigmoidoscopy. Levels of creatinine, hemoglobin, leukocytes, platelets, prothrombin, and urine components were unchanged. Imipenem-cilastatin is a clinically effective antibiotic with freedom from nephrotoxicity and hematological abnormalities in the large doses used in this study.
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PMID:Safety and efficacy of high-dose treatment with imipenem-cilastatin in seriously ill patients. 386 Jan 87

Bartonellosis are diseases caused by any kind of Bartonella species. The infection manifests as asymptomatic bacteremia to potentially fatal disorders. Many species are pathogenic to humans, but three are responsible for most clinical symptoms: Bartonella bacilliformis, Bartonella quintana, and Bartonella henselae. Peruvian wart, caused by B. bacilliformis, may be indistinguishable from bacillary angiomatosis caused by the other two species. Other cutaneous manifestations include maculo-papular rash in trench fever, papules or nodules in cat scratch disease, and vasculitis (often associated with endocarditis). In addition, febrile morbilliform rash, purpura, urticaria, erythema nodosum, erythema multiforme, erythema marginatus, granuloma annularis, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, granulomatous reactions, and angioproliferative reactions may occur. Considering the broad spectrum of infection and the potential complications associated with Bartonella spp., the infection should be considered by physicians more frequently among the differential diagnoses of idiopathic conditions. Health professionals and researchers often neglected this diseases.
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PMID:Cutaneous manifestations of bartonellosis. 3178 Apr 37