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Query: UMLS:C0040822 (tremor)
 18,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a cross-over study with Pindolol, 15 mg/day, against placebo, we studied during 4 weeks 22 patients aged between 20 and 65 years who where treated by means of lithium carbonate retard (Quilonum Retard). The tremor was measured twice a week by means of three apparative methods: an accelerometer, a 'hole-plate' and an 'aimed tapping plate', both constructed by Janke, and was also studied by means of a self-evaluation rating-scale. We obtained a positive therapeutic effect of Pindolol on lithium-induced tremor, which was statistically significant by means of the 'hole-plate' and of self-evaluation. Differences in results are discussed.
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PMID:[Treatment of lithium tremor with the beta receptor blocker, pindolol]. 39 54

The authors discuss the character of lithium-induced tremor. Three various measuring methods are presented: an accelerometer, a hole-plate and an apparatus based on aimed tapping. A fourth apparatus is proposed. The first three methods were applied on 16 patients who received lithium therapy and on a control group consisting of 22 normal persons. The results were statistically evaluated. For registering the postural component of lithium-induced tremor, the first two methods proved themselves worthy of recommendation in quotidian practice. Frequency and amplitude of lithium-induced tremor till the ninth day of drug administration are discussed - and constitute only one aspect of a bigger, still going on, study.
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PMID:[Studies of lithium-induced tremor by means of different measurement methods]. 114 Sep 6

The dynamics of forced inhale (I series) and exhale (II series) parameters with additional external artificial resistive load was studied under normobaric conditions. The artificial resistance to breathing increased stepwise using removable diaphragms with sequential decrease of hole diameter from 25, 17, 13, 9, 7.5, 4.5 to 3 mm. While studying forced inhale the diaphragms were set up at Fleish pipe airflow input. In the case of forced inhale the diaphragms were set up at the pipe output. A phenomenon is revealed which consists in appearance of respiratory flow oscillations on the "flow-volume" curves during forced breathing with an increase of resistive load. Frequency maxima of the oscillations were located within the range of 6-15 Hz. The possible mechanisms for appearance of respiratory muscle tremor and respiratory flow oscillations are under discussion.
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PMID:[High density respiratory syndrome: II. The mechanics of forced respiration with artificial resistive load under normobaric pressure]. 177 50

In many industries workers perform manual assembly tasks with hands postured above the shoulders. Awkward shoulder and arm postures are often viewed as acceptable given costs of workplace modification, postural exertions which are in compliance with current design recommendations, ready availability of strong workers, and numbers of electromyographic studies which fail to detect significant signs of localized muscle fatigue (LMF). An experiment was conducted to: (a) study the onset and severity of (LMF) in the shoulder when performing a stylus-to-hole Fitts reciprocal movement task under a range of postures, hand loads, ratios of work-to-rest, and task durations, and (b) to evaluate the efficacy of three techniques (i.e., changes in EMG behaviour, postural tremor, and cross-modal matching estimates) in detecting and monitoring posturally-based LMF and discomfort in the shoulder complex. Experimental findings showed that posturing hands above shoulder level significantly increased the risk of LMF and postural discomfort even in light-weight manual assembly environs where postural exertions are small, and that cross-modal matching estimates and postural tremor were more sensitive metrics of LMF in the shoulder complex than EMG RMS voltage and mean spectral power frequency metrics. The basis for experimental findings, as well as potential application of LMF metrics in future postural stress investigations, are discussed. Recommendations for workplace posture are provided for job designers facing work height decisions in manual assembly environs.
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PMID:Shoulder posture and localized muscle fatigue and discomfort. 271 48

In a fluorescent lamp production factory, a newly developed lightweight balance-tremormeter was used to measure postural tremor of the finger in 21 workers (ages 28 to 61) exposed for 0.5-19 yr to metallic mercury. In addition, tremor was measured in an indirect way by means of a "hole-tremormeter." The excretion of mercury in urine was 9-53 (average 20) mumol/mol creatinine. With increasing mercury excretion, the following parameters increased: the acceleration of the tremor, the contribution of the neuromuscular component (8-12 Hz) to the power spectrum of the acceleration, the width of the power-spectrum and the score on the hole-tremormeter. The study indicates that exposure to metallic mercury below the current TLV (50 micrograms/m3) may increase the tremor of the finger.
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PMID:Tremor in workers with low exposure to metallic mercury. 376 1

An attempt has been made to visualize beforehand a brain section through which an electrode would pass to reach the target point in stereotactic thalamotomy for the treatment of tremor. On the basis of several craniometric measurements of a plain craniogram (lateral view), the level of the intercommissural line could be approximately estimated and a tentative target point set on the craniogram. Then, a line is drawn to connect this target point and the bregma. Extrapolating this line, an angle between the Reid baseline and this line could be measured in order to transfer the line to the scalp. With the aid of a GE scanner (GE-CT/T-X2), several 5-mm thick sections are made parallel to this line including the tentative target point. Among these images of CT scan thus made, referring to the foramen of Monro and the aqueduct (either of which might be visualized) one of the sections would be chosen as a tentative plane through which the electrode would pass. On the operation day, a burr hole should be made on or near the line used for CT scanning and drawn on the scalp, so the electrode tract will coincide with the CT scan image. GE scan images are clear enough to estimate the range of gray matter, white matter, caudate nucleus and thalamus. The neural activities of the deep structures recorded during the operation by stepping displacement of the electrode are correlated with this CT scan image. So far, the coincidence of both findings are satisfactory and of great value in this kind of blind operation.
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PMID:Stereotactic CT scan and its correlation with the neural activity of deep structures. 702 37

Most neurosurgeons use a frontal burr hole in stereotactic thalamotomy for movement disorders. However, the reports on this operation show a variation in trajectory with reference to the angles to the intercommissural line and the midsagittal plane. We studied the effect of the trajectory angles on operative results in 22 patients who underwent stereotactic thalamotomy for tremor control. The angle varied between 28 and 71 degrees (mean 44 +/- 10) in the sagittal plane, and between 0 and 25 (mean 11 +/- 7) in the coronal plane. There was linear correlation between the angles and the distances of a burr hole from the coronal suture and the midline. However, the angles did not show any correlation with the number of target corrections required, the size of the lesions made, tremor control and the incidence of complications. These findings indicate that the trajectory angle does not play an important role in stereotactic thalamotomy.
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PMID:Trajectory angle in stereotactic thalamotomy. 819 24

Based on Benabid's experimental and clinical findings that low-frequency (50 Hz) electrical stimulation of the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus may increase tremor, while higher frequencies (> 100 Hz) lead to suppression of the tremor, we implanted a stimulation electrode in 33 thalami among 27 patients. Six patients were implanted bilaterally. 23 suffered from Parkinson's disease, 4 from essential tremor. All patients had a drug-resistant tremor. The Vim target was calculated based on stereotactic ventriculography. An intra-operative neurophysiological target control was performed on all patients. After a monopolar (12 thalami) or quadripolar (21 thalami) lead was implanted we then connected it to a percutaneous extension lead. In the days following the surgery a test stimulation was performed. In all but one patient stimulation resulted in a suppression of the tremor. In a second procedure, a pulse generator (ITREL II; MEDTRONIC) was implanted and connected subcutaneously to the thalamic lead. After implantation of the pulse generator all patients stimulate chronically while some turn off the stimulator at night. In 21 thalami total suppression of tremor was observed, 6 showed major improvement, 4 only minor improvement. There was no significant effect on any other existing symptom of Parkinson's disease. Due to the proximity of Vim to the sensory thalamus the majority of the patients (27 thalami) report slight temporary paraesthesias when the pulse generator is turned on. Two report permanent paraesthesias when stimulation is on. In 4 cases a slight dysarthria occurs under stimulation. In 2 the dysarthria is marked. In one case dysequilibrium occurs under stimulation. All these side effects are reversible when stimulation is turned off. In 3 patients, the lead was displaced due to an insufficient lead fixation, thus making a second procedure necessary to correct the electrode position. We had one complication due to bleeding at the burr hole side. Follow-up ranges from 3 to 48 months. So far in no cases has the effect of stimulation worn off. In conclusion we regard Vim neurostimulation as an effective and safe alternative to conventional thalamotomy and recommend that it should be considered in cases in which drug therapy has failed to affect Parkinsonian or essential tremor. Moreover, we believe that this procedure is a less invasive and equally efficient alternative to classic thalamotomy and thus should be given preference.
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PMID:Stimulation of the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus in tremor dominated Parkinson's disease and essential tremor. 874 31

It has been previously shown that ondansetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, can ameliorate vertigo in patients with acute brainstem disorders. A coincidental benefit was the improvement of cerebellar tremor in some patients with both vertigo and tremor. To further evaluate this effect, a placebo controlled, double blind, crossover study was conducted of a single dose of intravenous ondansetron in 20 patients with cerebellar tremor caused by multiple sclerosis, cerebellar degeneration, or drug toxicity. The principal outcome measures were the change in blind assessment of a writing task (spiral copying) and the timed completion of a nine hole peg test. Thirteen of 19 patients were deemed to have improved spiral copying after treatment with ondansetron when compared with baseline performance. One patient had a better response to the placebo compared with baseline performance (P = 0.00024). Patients completed the nine hole peg test in less time after ondansetron than after placebo (P = 0.08). Twelve patients thought that their tremor was functionally improved with the ondansetron treatment. None thought that the placebo gave improvement (P = 0.00098). The efficacy of orally administered ondansetron in tremor control is currently under study.
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PMID:Ondansetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, improves cerebellar tremor. 906 87

In order to compare and contrast the behavioral effects of the typical neuroleptic haloperidol with the atypical neuroleptic clozapine, ten daily doses of these drugs were administered to separate groups of rats trained to extend the forelimb through a rectangular hole and to exert downward pressure on a force transducer to gain access to water. Doses were individually titrated daily for each rat in an attempt to achieve a 50% reduction in time on task (analogous to response rate) during 8-min daily sessions. Clozapine-treated rats exhibited dramatic tolerance to the drug's suppressive effect on time on task. In contrast, haloperidol rats displayed little tolerance on this measure. Despite the tolerance reflected by time on task, no tolerance was seen in clozapine's marked slowing of the dominant frequency of oscillations in forelimb force as measured by Fourier analysis of the force-time recordings. Haloperidol did not slow the dominant frequency. No tolerance was seen for clozapine's effects on forelimb force or tremor measures. Haloperidol did not significantly affect forelimb force. Both haloperidol and clozapine produced increases in the duration of long-duration forelimb responses, and no tolerance was seen for either drug on this measure of behavior. For clozapine, the dissociation between the tendency to respond (time on task) and the observed slowing of the dominant frequency may reflect effects peculiar to atypical neuroleptics, while the lengthening of long-duration responses by both drugs may reflect a more general behavioral effect that is characteristic of both typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs.
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PMID:Subchronic effects of clozapine and haloperidol on rats' forelimb force and duration during a press-while-licking task. 915 59


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